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1.
应用质粒PTK探针鉴定锥虫的初步研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用^32P标记质粒探针PTK1、PTK1.1和PTK1．2，对12株中国伊氏锥虫的斑点杂交试验显示，3个探针均能与8株具有正常动基体的伊氏锥虫杂交，而不与其余4株异常动基体伊氏锥虫杂交，对正常动基体株的敏感度为10^2虫体。探针PTK1亦能与马媾疫锥虫杂交，敏感度为10^2个虫体。但PTK1与布氏锥虫仅发生微弱的杂交反应．敏感度为10^5个虫体。试验表明伊氏锥虫株之间的kDNA微环是同源的，伊氏锥虫与马媾疫锥虫和布氏锥虫的kDNA微环存在着共同序列。 相似文献
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锥虫不同分离株克隆及其等电聚焦分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
将两个伊氏锥虫及一个马媾疫锥虫的不同分离株分别接种用球磷酰胺处理的小鼠，获得五个克隆，用等电聚焦比较其蛋白质差异。结果表明，三个分离株之间有明显区别；马媾疫锥虫显著不同于伊氏锥虫；分离株不同克隆间区别较小，其中广东水牛株两克隆间带型相同，安徽水牛两克隆间带型略有区别。证明伊氏锥虫克隆间变异较小，锥虫不同分离株间变异较大，马媾疫锥虫与伊氏锥虫之间变异最大。 相似文献
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作者观测不同保护剂、稀释液、ＰＨ值、降温方法、复苏温度、冻融次数、液相气相交替以及解冻后在普通冰瓶中存放时间对伊氏锥虫浙江虫浙江虫株的感染性及致病力的影响。在此试验基础上，又对伊氏锥虫的６个不同虫株、媾疫锥虫、铡果锥虫、布氏锥虫等４个种的９个早株，进行了超低温保藏试验和长期保藏效果观察。已测定的有效保藏期伊氏锥虫达５７４－３２００天，媾疫锥虫达２８６６天，则果锥虫达７６３天，布氏锥虫７８３天。通过 相似文献
4.
基于18S rRNA基因测序基础上的锥虫分子分类学 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用18S rRNA基因序列分析方法,对我国湖北、广西、新疆和浙江4省的伊氏锥虫及1株布氏锥虫进行分子分类学研究.用分离的锥虫感染实验动物,自感染小鼠的红细胞或全血中提取基因组DNA,根据GenBank中已发表的雏虫18S rRNA序列设计1对锥虫通用引物,通过PCR扩增目的基因片段,将扩增产物连接到pGEM-T载体中,经酶切、PCR确定,进行序列测定.结果显示,7个锥虫分离株的18S rRNA基因大小为2 188 bp.利用DNAS-tar对试验所获得的这7株锥虫和GenBank中部分锥虫的18S rRNA基因进行比较分析,建立2个进化系统发生树.核苷酸同源性比较及系统发生树显示:自我国上述4省分离的伊氏锥虫来源于同一株系,布氏锥虫和广西分离的伊氏锥虫株的18S rRNA核苷酸与其他锥虫分离株仅有较小差异,与国外的6株锥虫的同源性为99%～100%,与另外7株的同源性为62%. 相似文献
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应用SDS—PAGE和IEF电泳对伊氏锥虫和媾疫锥虫的蛋白组分进行了分析.在SDS—PAGE中,伊氏锥虫有21条带.媾疫锥虫有19条带,两种虫体的蛋白质区带在分子量40000～90000之间存在差异,尤其表现在表面糖蛋白上,伊氏锥虫为43000,媾疫锥虫为60000.在IEF电泳中,伊氏锥虫出现26条带,媾疫锥虫出现33条带,两种虫体的蛋白质区带在等电点4.8～5.6之间相同,而在5.6～7.0之间存在差异.本实验还对马媾疫锥虫的蛋白质进行了双相电泳分析,显示出86个多肽斑点. 相似文献
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马媾疫锥虫(Trypanosoma equiperdum Doflein,1901)1894年在阿尔及利亚发现,是马属动物通过交配经生殖器粘膜感染的一种慢性原虫病的病原。伊氏锥虫[T.evansi(Steel,1885)Balbiani 1888]1880年发现于印度的马和骆驼,是由吸血昆虫虻类等传播的马、牛和骆驼锥虫病的病原。两种锥虫同属锥虫科锥虫属布氏组。迄今为止,各种教材和专著中,都认为这两种锥虫在形态上无区别,但其生物学特性则彼此不同。本文援引有关文献资料,结合笔者的第一手材料,对马媾疫锥虫与伊氏锥虫分类性状诸问题,进行如下对比性分析。 相似文献
7.
12株中国伊氏锥虫对苏拉明的药敏试验 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
用体外培养生长抑制试验检测了中国伊氏锥虫安徽水牛株（AHB）、广东阳江水牛株（GDB1）、广东水牛株（GDB2）、广东马株（GDH）、广西骡株（GXM）、湖北骡株（HBM）、湖南水牛株（HNB）、江苏高邮水牛株（JSB1）、江苏盱眙水牛株（JSB2）、新疆骆驼株（XJCA）、云南水牛株（YNB）、浙江水牛株（ZJB）对苏拉明的敏感性。它们的50％生长抑制浓度（IC50）依次为0．114、0．041、0．120、0．1490．752、0．252、0．171、0．127、0．339、0．094、0．106、0．118ng/L。结果显示，不同虫株的伊氏锥虫对苏拉明的敏感性明显不同，提示中国伊氏锥虫不同虫株存在抗药性差异。在12株伊氏锥虫中，GXM株对苏拉明的抗药性水平明显高于其他株。小鼠体内治疗试验显示，GXM株以10mg/kg剂量苏拉明治疗无效，在临床上表现出一定的抗药性，而GDB1株以10mg/kg剂量苏拉明治疗则全部治愈。由此可见，体外药敏试验结果与体内治疗结果一致。这一结果提示，多数中国伊氏锥虫株对苏拉明的敏感性偏低，少数虫株已表现出一定的抗药性。 相似文献
8.
伊氏锥虫不同地理株对小鼠致病性的比较试验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
伊氏锥虫是地理分布广泛的锥虫，可以引起骆驼、马、黄水牛、犬和大小鼠等动物的伊氏锥虫病，宿主中以马、犬和大小鼠等为高度易感动物，感染后往往发病急，死亡快，由于其因地理和宿主条件的不同而表现出感染力和毒力的差异[1]，我们进行了不同地理株对小鼠的感染力及其毒力的比较观察。材料和方法材料1、伊氏锥虫：伊氏锥虫云南株于1987年在宜良分离自云南水牛体内，广东株于1981年在阳江分离自广东水牛体内，安徽株分离自安徽水牛体内，江苏株分离自江苏高邮水牛体内，新疆株分离自新疆骆驼体内，以上伊氏锥虫都经小鼠繁殖后保存于液氮中… 相似文献
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伊氏锥虫TR酶的初步研究 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
国外研究者已报道在布氏锥虫、枯氏锥早、刚果锥虫中发现了存在ＴＲ酶，此酶是锥虫代谢的重要酶之一。伊氏锥虫ＴＲ酶研究的尚属空白。本研究目的是为了确定伊氏锥虫中是存在ＴＲ酶。我们利用分光光度法测出了伊氏锥虫中有ＴＲ酶活性，但无ＧＲ酶活性，测出了ＴＲ酶的Ｋｍ和Ｖｍ值；发现了治疗锥虫药物安锥赛和盐酸锥双对ＴＲ酶有抑制作用，抑制率分别达２８％和３１％；比较了七株中国伊氏锥虫和布氏锥虫敏毫克蛋白中ＴＲ酶活力，其 相似文献
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为研究从水牛分离到的伊氏锥虫广西株和湖北株的分类学地位,对2株伊氏锥虫的核糖体基因内转录间隔区(ITS1-5.8S-ITS2)基因进行了克隆和测序分析.用CLUSTALXl.83软件多重比对分析了序列差异,应用MEGA4.0软件绘制系统进化树.结果表明,这2株水牛伊氏锥虫的ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rRNA基因扩增产物分别为1 102 bp和1 095 bp,序列存在多态性,其中广西株的ITS-1序列长为340 bp,ITS-2序列长为582 bp,湖北株的ITS-1序列长为339bp,ITS-2序列长为587 bp.系统进化分析显示,这2株伊氏锥虫分布在同一大枝的不同亚群中. 相似文献
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Magona JW Mayende JS Okiria R Okuna NM 《The Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research》2004,71(3):231-237
The protective efficacy of isometamidium chloride (ISMM) and diminazene aceturate (DIM) against Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma vivax infections in cattle under a suppressed tsetse population was assessed in southeast Uganda. A total of 66 and 57 trypanosome-infected cattle were treated with ISMM and DIM, respectively together with 177 trypanosome-free animals not treated were followed for 12 months, checked every 4 weeks. There was no statistical difference in the mean time to infection with any trypanosome species in animals treated with ISMM or DIM. However, the mean time to trypanosome infection was significantly longer for treated animals than controls. The mean time to infection with each of the three trypanosome species differed significantly, with the average time to T. vivax infection the lowest, followed by T. congolense and then T. brucei. The protective efficacy of DIM was as good as that of ISMM; implying curative treatments against trypanosomosis are sufficient for combination with tsetse control. Isometamidium chloride or DIM had the highest impact on T. brucei and T. congolense infections in cattle. 相似文献
13.
R A Joshua 《Veterinary parasitology》1989,31(2):107-113
An assessment of the role of dogs, goats and sheep as reservoir hosts of African trypanosomes infective for humans (sleeping sickness) was carried out in Nigeria during a 2-year study period. Twelve stocks of Trypanosoma (Trypanozoon) brucei, 10 stocks of Trypanosoma congolense and 11 stocks of Trypanosoma vivax were isolated from a total of 699 animals, comprising 286 sheep, 221 goats and 192 dogs. The potential infectivity of the isolates for man was tested in vitro using the blood incubation infectivity test. None of the T. brucei group was resistant to the trypanocidal action of human serum; three of the T. congolense group were resistant to human serum. A parallel study of the trypanocidal action of test serum on authenticated T. brucei brucei and T. brucei gambiense showed that the human serum behaved as expected. The possibility is discussed that T. congolense might produce infections in man and should, therefore, be handled carefully both in the laboratory and by veterinarians in the field. 相似文献
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Van den Bossche P De Deken R Brandt J Geerts S Geysen D Berkvens D 《Veterinary parasitology》2004,119(2-3):147-153
Laboratory experiments and field observations clearly show that tsetse flies can be carriers of mixed trypanosome infections. Question remains how easy it is for the tsetse fly to acquire such a mixed infection during the first bloodmeal. This is of particular importance in the epidemiology of Trypanosoma brucei s.l., often a cryptic infection and difficult to transmit to non-teneral tsetse flies. To determine the transmission rate of T. brucei as part of a mixed infection, teneral Glossina morsitans morsitans were fed once on cattle with a mixed (Trypanosoma brucei brucei/Trypanosoma congolense) or single (T. brucei) infection. Of the 140 flies fed on animals with a mixed infection and examined 30 days later, 4 had a metacylic T. brucei infection, 29 a T. congolense infection and 13 a mixed T. brucei/T. congolense infection. There was no significant difference between the transmission rate of T. brucei as a single or as part of a mixed infection. The high proportion of mixed T.b. brucei/T. congolense infections was explained best by a model implying that if a fly is refractory to T. congolense, it is also refractory to T.b. brucei and vice versa. Hence, results suggest that the transmission of T.b. brucei is affected mainly by the vectorial capacity of flies and not by concurrent trypanosome infections in the host. 相似文献
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Khuchareontaworn S Singhaphan P Viseshakul N Chansiri K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(5):487-493
The nucleotide sequences of 18S rDNA and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions were used for studying the relationships of Trypanosoma evansi isolate from a buffalo. The sequences were analyzed and compared to 18S rDNA and the ITS regions of the other Trypanosoma spp. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic trees were constructed using Leishmania major as the outgroup. The tree of 18S rDNA indicated that T. evansi (buffalo B18) isolate was closely related to those of Taiwan and T. brucei stock. The ITS tree showed the genetic diversity among 32 clones of T. evansi (B18) within a single host. This data will be useful for epidemiological and dynamic studies for designing the rational control programs of the disease. 相似文献
18.
Karimuribo ED Morrison LJ Black A Turner CM Kambarage DM Ballingall KT 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,179(1-3):35-42
Trypanosomosis caused by infection with protozoan parasites of the genus Trypanosoma is a major health constraint to cattle production in many African countries. One hundred and seventy one Bos indicus cattle from traditional pastoral Maasai (87) and more intensively managed Boran (84) animals in Tanzania were screened by PCR for the presence of African animal trypanosomes (Trypanosoma congolense, Trypanosoma vivax and Trypanosoma brucei), using blood samples archived on FTA cards. All cattle screened for trypanosomes were also genotyped at the highly polymorphic major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II DRB3 locus to investigate possible associations between host MHC and trypanosome infection. Overall, 23.4% of the 171 cattle tested positive for at least one of the three trypanosome species. The prevalence of individual trypanosome species was 8.8% (T. congolense), 4.7% (T. vivax) and 15.8% (T. brucei). The high prevalence of T. brucei compared with T. congolense and T. vivax was unexpected as this species has previously been considered to be of lesser importance in terms of African bovine trypanosomosis. Significantly higher numbers of Maasai cattle were infected with T. brucei (23.0%, p=0.009) and T. congolense (13.8%, p=0.019) compared with Boran cattle (8.3% and 3.6%, respectively). Analysis of BoLA-DRB3 diversity in this cohort identified extensive allelic diversity. Thirty-three BoLA-DRB3 PCR-RFLP defined alleles were identified. One allele (DRB3*15) was significantly associated with an increased risk (odds ratio, OR=2.71, p=0.034) of T. brucei infection and three alleles (DRB3*35, *16 and *23) were associated with increased risk of T. congolense infection. While further work is required to dissect the role of these alleles in susceptibility to T. brucei and T. congolense infections, this study demonstrates the utility of FTA archived blood samples in combined molecular analyses of both host and pathogen. 相似文献
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Van den Bossche P De Deken R Brandt J Seibou B Geerts S 《Veterinary parasitology》2004,121(1-2):79-85
The effect of challenging cattle, chronically infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei, with T. congolense on the development of the T. b. brucei infection was investigated. For this purpose, nine experimental animals were first infected with T. b. brucei through the bites of infected tsetse flies. Once the T. b. brucei had developed into a chronic infection, that was difficult to detect using routine parasitological diagnostic tools, seven of the experimental animals were challenged by tsetse flies infected with T. congolense. Two of the animals infected with T. b. brucei were kept as control. The infection with T. congolense resulted in a sudden increase in the parasitaemia of T. b. brucei. In the T. b. brucei control animals, on the other hand, the parasitaemia remained below the level of detection. The epidemiological repercussions of this increase in the parasitaemia of T. b. brucei after infection with T. congolense are discussed. 相似文献
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Gillingwater K Mamabolo MV Majiwa PA 《Journal of the South African Veterinary Association》2010,81(4):219-223
Trypanosoma congolense causes the most economically important animal trypanosomosis in Africa. In South Africa, a rinderpest pandemic of the 1890s removed many host animals, resulting in the near-eradication of most tsetse species. Further suppression was achieved through spraying with dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT); however, residual populations of Glossina austeni and G. brevipalpis remained in isolated pockets. A total of 506 of these tsetse flies were captured in the Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park, the St Lucia Wetland Park and Boomerang commercial farm. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to determine the infection rate and frequency of mixed infections of these flies. Additionally, 473 blood samples were collected from cattle at communal diptanks and a commercial farm in the area and each one examined by the haematocrit centrifugation technique (HCT). Furthermore, buffy coats from these blood samples were spotted onto FTA Elute cards and the DNA extracted from each one tested using 3 separate PCRs. The HCT revealed the presence of trypanosomes in only 6.6% of the blood samples; by contrast, species-specific PCR detected trypanosome DNA in 50% of the samples. The species-specific PCR detected trypanosome DNA in 17% of the tsetse flies, compared with the nested PCR targeting rDNA which detected trypanosome DNA in only 14% of the samples. Over time, the transmission of Savannah-type T. congolense and Kilifi-type T. congolense as mixed infections could have an impact on disease manifestation in different hosts in the area. 相似文献