共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
1.
OBJECTIVE: To document changes in glucose, lactate, and pyruvate concentrations in dogs with severe or complicated babesiosis; assess relationships among glucose, lactate, and pyruvate concentrations in those dogs; and compare clinical and laboratory variables in dogs with and without hypoglycemia and hyperlactatemia. ANIMALS: 20 dogs with naturally developing severe or complicated babesiosis. PROCEDURE: Samples and measurements were obtained before treatment was initiated. Babesiosis was diagnosed by examination of blood smears. Arterial blood pressure measurement, parasite quantification, CBC count, serum biochemical analysis, urinalysis, venous blood gas analysis, and acid-base determination were performed. Glucose, lactate, and pyruvate concentrations were measured in samples of venous blood. RESULTS: We detected a significant negative correlation between glucose and lactate concentrations. Glucose, lactate, and pyruvate concentrations all differed significantly between dogs that died and those that survived. Three of 5 dogs that died had concurrent hypoglycemia, hyperlactatemia, and hyperpyruvatemia. Hypoglycemic dogs differed significantly from normoglycemic dogs with regard to lactate, urea, and bicarbonate concentrations; lactate-to-pyruvate ratio; percentage parasitemia; and PCO2. Dogs with hyperlactatemia differed significantly from normolactatemic dogs with regard to clinical collapse; alanine transaminase activity; concentrations of bilirubin, urea, creatinine, and bicarbonate; percentage parasitemia; and PCO2. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Abnormal carbohydrate metabolism is commonly evident in dogs with severe or complicated babesiosis and is often associated with changes in other clinical and laboratory variables. Significant differences were found between survivors and nonsurvivors. Hypoglycemia should be assessed and aggressively treated in dogs with babesiosis. Lactate concentration can be used as an indicator of disease severity. 相似文献
2.
Kiama TN Kiaira JK Konji VN Musoke AJ 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》1999,158(3):221-227
Theileria parva schizonts propagated in vitro in peripheral blood lymphocytes were purified and assayed for key enzymes of glucose and glycerol catabolism and the citric acid cycle. The activities of glycolytic enzymes were in the range of 21-100 nmol/min/mg protein. Glycerol kinase and alpha -glycerophosphate dehydrogenase activities were more than 16 times lower than the activities of other enzymes catalysing the oxidation of the triose phosphates to lactate. It was suggested that the catabolism of glycerol is negligible and that glucose is catabolized to lactate via the Embden-Meyerhof pathway. The activities of the enzymes catalysing the section of the citric acid cycle that involves the formation of citrate to succinyl-CoA were consistently very low (less than 2.0 nmol/min/mg protein), indicating that this part of the cycle plays a minor role in this parasite. Enzyme activities of the cycle catalysing the formation of succinate from oxaloacetate were relatively higher than those catalysing other sections of the citric acid cycle, suggesting that this section of the cycle could be important to the parasite. Pyruvate carboxylase activity was more than 10 times that of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase. It was suggested that pyruvate could be carboxylated to oxaloacetate. Taken together, these results suggest that the catabolism of glucose in Theileria parva schizonts is mainly via the Embden-Meyerhof pathway and that the citric acid cycle plays a minor role in energy production. 相似文献
3.
A comparative biochemical study on the various fractions (cyst wall, cyst fluid and zoites) of the sarcocysts of Sarcocystis fusiformis from oesophageal muscles of naturally infected Indian water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) was carried out. The study included analysis for glycogen, glucose, pyruvic acid, lactic acid, total lipids, phospholipids, cholesterol, triglycerides and fatty acids. The pattern and the distribution of various biochemical constituents varied in the different fractions. The cell wall had the maximum concentration of glucose and phospholipids. Of all the fractions, cell fluid showed the highest contents of pyruvate and lactate, but with a higher level of pyruvate than lactate. 相似文献
4.
In vitro effect of some anthelmintics on lactate dehydrogenase activity of Cotylophoron cotylophorum (Digenea: paramphistomidae) 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Effects of praziquantel (PZQ), levamisole (LEV), mebendazole (MBZ), fenbendazole (FBZ) and albendazole (ABZ) on the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity of Cotylophoron cotylophorum were studied in vitro. Maximum levels of inhibition of LDH catalysing both oxidation and reduction reactions were observed in PZQ- and LEV-treated worms. Similarly, benzimidazoles - MBZ, FBZ and ABZ - have also significantly inhibited the activity of LDH catalysing the oxidation of lactate; whereas the activity of LDH catalysing the reduction of pyruvate was accelerated. This affects the mitochondrial energy generating process which ultimately proves fatal to the parasite. Therefore, the mode of action of benzimidazoles is primarily on the activation of LDH catalysing the conversion of pyruvate to lactate. 相似文献
5.
6.
埃氏巨型球菌是奶牛瘤胃中的一种优势菌。本研究运用瘤胃微生态理论,结合埃氏巨型球菌能利用乳酸发酵产生丙酸的特点,初步研究埃氏巨型球菌(H6)及其乙酸生成关键酶基因缺失工程菌(TnH6)体外发酵特性。经健康羊瘤胃液体外连续培养结果表明,埃氏巨型球菌及其乙酸生成关键酶基因缺失工程菌均能利用乳酸生成VFA,发酵生成的VFA以丙酸为主,发酵类型倾向于丙酸型,但工程菌生成乙酸的能力明显降低,尽管丙酸生成能力有所下降,但显著降低了乙酸与丙酸的比例,从而为调控瘤胃乳酸发酵和利用H6、TnH6防治奶牛亚临床性瘤胃乳酸酸中毒提供了理论和试验基础。 相似文献
7.
Z Jethon Z Kielan-Bak B Falkus B Ziolkowska 《Archiv fuer experimentelle veterinaermedizin》1989,43(4):505-510
Long-time effects of Cd on carbohydrate metabolism were investigated in male Wistar rats. A dose of 0.3 mg/kg body weight of Cd in acetate form was subcutaneously injected to the experimental animals twice a week through 3 months. Selected enzyme activities of glycolysis as well as concentrations of glycogen, glucose, pyruvate, lactate, triglycerides, and free fatty acids (FFA) were determined in blood serum, muscles, liver, and fatty tissues. The experimental animals differed from the control group, in that Cd intoxication was followed by decline in the blood serum only of pyruvate kinase and lactate dehydrogenase activities. In the liver, however, all enzyme activities were reduced. Glycogen glucose and FFA levels were increased. Intramuscular alterations were found to depend on the fibre type. The severest disturbance of glycolysis was recordable from red long fibres, whereas rapid white fibres were more resistant. The change in FFA concentration may be interpreted as some compensation for the impairment of carbohydrate metabolism in the energy balance. 相似文献
8.
The effect of peak lactation on the activities of a number of enzymes of glucose and lipid metabolism of perirenal and subcutaneous adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, liver, kidney cortex and mammary parenchyma of sheep are described. Enzymes studied included hexokinase (glucose utilization), pyruvate carboxylase (gluconeogenesis), pyruvate dehydrogenase (glucose oxidation and production of acetyl CoA for fatty acid synthesis), acetyl CoA carboxylase (fatty acid synthesis) and glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (fatty acid esterification). Major changes that were found include a decrease in activities of enzymes of fatty acid synthesis and esterification in adipose tissues, decreased activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase in muscle and adipose tissues and increased pyruvate carboxylase; there was no change in activities of enzyme of fatty acid esterification in liver. Activities of hexokinase, acetyl CoA carboxylase and glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase have been estimated per tissue; this shows the quantitative importance of limiting glucose utilization by muscle and of suppression of fatty acid synthesis in adipose tissue for efficient partitioning of nutrients for milk production. 相似文献
9.
M G Anderson 《Equine veterinary journal》1975,7(1):27-33
The effects of exercise of different intensities on blood concentrations of glucose, lactate, pyruvate, free fatty acids and glycerol were studied in a group of clinically normal horses. Blood lactate, pyruvate and lactate/pyruvate ratio increased during exercise, particularly during galloping. These changes occurred within the first 12-15 seconds of exercise indicating that anaerobic metabolic pathways are brought into use very quickly in the strenuously exercising horse. Since blood glycerol levels were significantly increased during exercise body lipids were also mobilised. At the same time, free fatty acid levels increased during cantering but decreased during galloping indicating increased fat oxidation during strenuous exercise. It was concluded that both lipids and carbohydrates are as important energy sources in the exercising horse as in other species. 相似文献
10.
11.
Waldron MR Schrick FN Quigley JD Klotz JL Saxton AM Heitmann RN 《Journal of animal science》2002,80(1):270-278
Cells were harvested from four rumen locations in four 2- to 3-yr-old ewes fed fescue hay to determine whether cell origin has an effect on cellular VFA metabolism. Tissue (approximately 150 cm2) was excised from the anterior cranial pillar, ventral sac floor, caudal pillar surface, and dorsal sac ceiling. Cells were isolated using serial tryptic digestion. One milliliter of isolate was incubated for 2 h in 6 mL of medium containing 25 mM propionate and 10 mM butyrate. Incubations were terminated at 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min and analyzed for beta-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate, lactate, and pyruvate. Cell yield was 22, 22, 24, and 14 (+/- 6) x 106 cells/mL, and viability was 92, 92, 94, and 87% for anterior cranial pillar, ventral sac floor, caudal pillar surface, and dorsal sac ceiling, respectively. All metabolite concentrations and ratios of redox pairs increased throughout the incubations, indicating continuous cellular activity. Final 2-h concentrations (nmol/10(6) cells) were 123, 113, 163, and 158 (+/- 35) for beta-hydroxybutyrate; 38, 42, 24, and 45 (+/- 10) for acetoacetate; 25.3, 20.6, 10.1, and 20.4 (+/- 5.6) for lactate; and 2.54, 0.98, 1.06, and 1.31 (+/- 0.61) for pyruvate in the anterior cranial pillar, ventral sac floor, caudal pillar surface and dorsal sac ceiling incubations, respectively. Origin of rumen tissue had no significant effect on metabolite production, indicating that cellular location is not a critical factor that affects rate of rumen epithelial cell VFA metabolism under these specific in vitro conditions. 相似文献
12.
A two-year-old, intact female Sussex spaniel was presented with signs of exercise intolerance. Pre- and post-exercise serum lactate and pyruvate concentrations and urinary organic acid screening supported a diagnosis of pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency, as previously reported in this breed. Dietary therapy was initiated for six months, during which time there was no reported clinical deterioration. A full neurological examination and repeat evaluation of lactate and pyruvate concentrations before and after exercise was conducted one year after diagnosis, at which time the patient had been without dietary modification for six months and had developed more severe exercise intolerance along with evidence of central nervous system dysfunction. 相似文献
13.
Arai T Tanaka Y Urabe S Kusaba A Tazaki H Ozawa T Kimura N Jung KK Waragaya K Yuyama T Haseba Y Imai S 《Research in veterinary science》2006,81(1):19-23
Plasma metabolite and immunoreactive insulin concentrations and activities of enzymes related to energy metabolism in peripheral leukocytes were measured in growing Holstein calves. A ratio of girth of abdomen divided by girth of thorax (A/T ratio) of calves was significantly elevated after weaning, and the A/T ratio maybe a good indicator to evaluate rumen development. Plasma glucose and free fatty acid concentrations were changed in calves accompanying change in feeding. Activities of lactate dehydrogenase with pyruvate as substrate (LDH-P) and hexokinase (HK) in cytosolic fractions of peripheral leukocytes decreased significantly after weaning the calves reflecting the change of energy source from milk replacer with high percentages of fat and glucose and lactose as absorbable carbohydrate to pelleted feed containing starch as less absorbable carbohydrate and roughage. Some peripheral leukocyte enzymes such as LDH and HK may be good indicators to evaluate changes in energy metabolism of growing calves. 相似文献
14.
Numerous workers have shown that motility of cold stored spermatozoa from some stallions can be improved by removing most of the seminal plasma by centrifugation and resuspending the spermatozoa in an extender consisting of skim milk glucose extender (SKMG) supplemented with a salt media such as Tyrode's or phosphate-buffered saline. The salt media must contain pyruvate and lactate. In an effort to test the hypothesis that pyruvate may be acting as an antioxidant, a series of experiments were conducted using a H2O2 challenge to artificially produce damage due to lipid peroxidation. Results of these experiments indicated that addition of lactate or pyruvate and lactate to SKMG-Tyrode's media was not able to prevent the detrimental affects of H2O2. The addition of lactate to the SKMG-Tyrode's media resulted in an improvement of post-storage motility; however, increasing the concentration of pyruvate did not further improve motility. Therefore, because lactate dehydrogenase has been shown to be correlated with motility, and lactate has been shown to be preferred as an energy source by spermatozoa from other species, the beneficial effects of lactate and pyruvate as components of a modified SKMG extender are probable as energy sources. 相似文献
15.
16.
Isolated sheep hepatocytes were used to obtain estimates of kinetic parameters, identify substrate preference and interactions and study regulation of gluconeogenesis. Respective Vmax estimates for propionate, pyruvate and alanine conversion to glucose were 59.5, 12.8 and 21.5 mol glucose formed X (h X g dry weight)-1. Respective KS estimates for propionate and pyruvate were 1 mM and 18 to 40 microM. Rates of lactate utilization varied among cell preparations, possibly because of loss of lactate dehydrogenase during isolation. Dihydroxyacetone and glycerol were utilized for glucose synthesis at similar rates of 8.6 and 8.7 mumol glucose formed X (h X g dry weight)-1, respectively. Respective rates of glucose synthesis from 5 mM fructose and 10 mM galactose were 63.2 and 31.4 mumol X (h X g dry weight)-1. Maximum rates of pyruvate carboxylase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase were estimated to be 101.6 and 160.4 mumol substrate converted X (h X g dry weight)-1, respectively. Neither butyrate nor acetate accelerated gluconeogenesis from propionate while acetate increased glucose synthesis from pyruvate, presumably through activation of pyruvate carboxylase. Glucagon stimulated gluconeogenesis from propionate. Dibutyrylcyclic AMP mimicked the effect of glucagon, implying that the glucagon effect is translated via the adenyl cyclase system as in rats. The kinetic parameters established in these experiments should be useful in future experiments and in computer modeling analyses of ruminant liver and whole animal metabolism where Michaelis-Menten type equations are widely used. 相似文献
17.
Washizu T Azakami D Bonkobara M Washizu M Arai T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(6):615-616
Alterations in the activities of enzymes related to energy metabolism in canine lymphoma cells were investigated. Cytosolic pyruvate kinase (PK) and mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase (MDH) activities in lymphoma cells were significantly higher than those in lymphocytes obtained from lymph nodes of healthy dogs, whereas cytosolic lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was significantly lower in lymphoma cells. The cytosolic M/L ratio (MDH activity/LDH activity), which is considered to be a good indicator of energy metabolism related to glucose utilization in animal tissues, was significantly higher in lymphoma cells than in the normal lymphocytes. 相似文献
18.
大多数体内寄生虫的生存必须依赖糖酵解途径将葡萄糖代谢为乳酸以提供能量。乳酸脱氢酶（lactate dehydrogenase, LDH）是糖酵解途径的末端酶,催化丙酮酸还原为乳酸及乳酸氧化为丙酮酸的可逆反应,与寄生虫生存密切相关。研究表明,各种寄生虫LDH在理化性质和分子结构方面均有独特的特性,是良好的诊断分子和潜在的药物作用靶标。对寄生虫LDH功能的研究,对于促进寄生虫病诊断、疫苗研究以及新抗虫药物的研发具有重要意义。本文对国内外寄生虫LDH的研究现状进行了综述。 相似文献
19.
R. Nichol R.H.F. Hunter D.K. Gardner R. Partridge H.J. Leese G.M. Cooke 《Research in veterinary science》1998,65(3):263
Nichol et al (1992, Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, 96, 699–707) identified a pre- to post-ovulatory decrease (approx 1mM) in the amount of glucose in pig oviduct fluid. The present studies investigated whether the decrease was due to metabolism by embroyos and/or oviduct tissues, and also whether there was a local influence of the ovary on the oviduct fluid content of energy substrates. Unilaterally ovariectomised pigs were used, in which, through compensation, oviducts that contained twice the normal number of embryos could be compared with oviducts which contained no embryos. Following unilateral ovariectomy and after two oestrous cycles of normal duration, surgery was performed 88 hours after the beginning of standing heat to obtain oviduct fluid samples, just before embryonic entry into the uterus. Luminal fluid samples from the ampulla and ampullary-isthmic junction from oviducts with and without an adjacent ovary were assayed for glucose, pyruvate and lactate concentrations. No significant differences were found between the glucose, pyruvate and lactate concentrations in fluids from the ampulla or ampullaryisthmic junction from oviducts containing embryos compared with absence of embryos (P> 0·05). Therefore, the post-ovulatory decrease was not due to the presence of embryos or to a local effect of the ipsilateral ovary. Consequently, pig oviduct fluid concentrations of glucose, lactate and pyruvate are seemingly regulated by systemic mechanisms. 相似文献
20.
Two experiments were conducted with ruminally fistulated wether lambs to determine the effect of lactic acid addition to a hay diet on rumen lactate metabolism, blood acid-base status and subsequent adaptation to a high concentrate diet. In Exp. 1, lambs were fed mature brome hay (H), H plus 5% (w/w) D,L lactic acid (H5L) or H plus 10% lactic acid (H10L) (three lambs per treatment) for 14 days (phase I) then switched to a 90% concentrate diet for 2 days (phase II). In Exp. 2, lambs were fed alfalfa-brome hay (H) (six lambs), H plus 2.5% lactic acid (H2.5L) (six lambs) or H plus 5% lactic acid (H5L) (four lambs) during phase I, then switched to a 70% concentrate diet (3 days) followed by a 90% concentrate diet (10 days) (phase II). During both experiments rumen fluid samples were taken periodically for pH and lactate analyses and in vitro L- or D-lactate disappearance (IVLD) studies. Blood samples were taken to measure acid-base status, serum lactate, and serum calcium, magnesium and phosphorus. Dietary lactic acid enhanced IVLD during phase I of both experiments. L and D isomer IVLD rates were similar and followed zero-order kinetics. In Exp. 2, IVLD increased rapidly during phase II in response to increased concentrate level in the diet; the enhanced rates of H2.5L and H5L lambs were sustained for the first 3 days of phase II. Blood data from both experiments indicated a deleterious effect of dietary lactic acid on blood acid-base balance; however, this treatment effect was not manifested in any symptoms of acute acidosis. There was a decrease (P less than .05) in serum calcium during phase II of both experiments. In Experiment 1, serum calcium increased linearly (P less than .05) in response to dietary lactic acid level. In Exp. 1, rumen fluid total lactate and L-lactate were lower (P less than .05) for H5L vs H lambs during phase II. However, all lambs in Exp. 1 experienced acute acidosis; four of the nine lambs subsequently died. There was evidence of acidosis in Exp. 2, but there were no clear treatment effects during phase II on rumen fluid pH or lactate, or feed intake. All lambs adapted to the high concentrate diets as evidenced by rumen lactate levels and feed intakes. In both experiments, the proportion of L-lactate in rumen fluid decreased from almost 100 to about 50% of total lactate by the end of phase II. 相似文献