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1.
试验研究不同阶段添加血浆蛋白粉(SDPP)对肉鸡生产性能和免疫功能的影响。选用240只1日龄AA肉鸡,随机分为4个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复10只鸡。试验设基础日粮组(对照组)和3个试验组,即添加0.5%SDPP日粮分别饲喂7、14、21d构成3个试验组。而试验后期(22～49d)各处理组饲喂同一基础日粮。试验结果表明:①与对照组相比,饲喂SDPP7d组显著提高前期ADG(P<0.05),极显著提高后期和全期ADG、ADFI(P<0.01);饲喂SDPP14d组极显著提高前期和全期ADG、ADFI(P<0.01),极显著提高后期ADFI(P<0.01);饲喂SDPP21d组极显著提高前期ADG(P<0.01),极显著提高全期ADF(IP<0.01);试验组各个时期F/G差异不显著(P>0.05)。②就全期生产性能看,饲喂SDPP7d组好于其它处理组,但各添加SDPP组间生产性能差异不显著(P>0.05)。③各处理组Ea、Et、淋巴细胞转化率和各免疫器官指数均高于对照组,饲喂SDPP14d组的Et和淋巴细胞转化率分别达到显著和极显著水平。④血浆蛋白粉可提高肉鸡生产性能,并随着饲喂时间的延长有下降的趋势,添加血浆蛋白粉对肉鸡免疫功能有增强的作用。  相似文献   

2.
本试验选用300只1日龄AA肉鸡,随机分为5个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复10只鸡。试验前期(1～21d)5个处理分别饲喂基础日粮、基础日粮+50mg/kg金霉素和含有0.5%、2.5%、5.0%血浆蛋白粉(SDPP)日粮,试验后期(22～49d)各处理组均饲喂基础日粮。结果表明,添加0.5%SDPP极显著提高前期平均日增重(ADG)和平均日采食量(ADFI)(P<0.01);SDPP显著提高后期和全期ADG和ADFI,但后期和全期各处理间F/G差异不显著(P>0.05);0.5%SDPP组肉鸡全期的生产成绩高于2.5%和5.0%SDPP组(P>0.05)。血浆蛋白粉可提高Ea、Et、脾脏指数和胸腺指数(P>0.05);2.5%、5.0%SDPP组淋巴细胞转化率极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),0.5%SDPP组淋巴细胞转化率显著高于对照组(P<0.05);2.5%SDPP组的法氏囊指数显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。  相似文献   

3.
本试验旨在研究日粮中添加合生素对爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡生长性能、免疫器官指数、血清一氧化氮(NO)和唾液酸(SA)含量及肠道菌群的影响.将192只1日龄AA肉鸡随机分为对照组和合生素组,每组8个重复,每个重复12只鸡.对照组饲喂基础日粮,合生素组饲喂在基础日粮中添加500 g/t合生素的试验日粮.试验分前期(1～21 d)和后期(22～42 d),共42 d.结果表明,合生素极显著降低了肉鸡前期采食量和料重比及全期采食量(P<0.01),显著降低了后期采食量(P<0.05),但对增重没有显著影响(P>0.05);合生素对第42天肉鸡的胸腺和脾脏的发育有一定的促进作用(P>0.05);在一定程度上降低了后期肉鸡血清NO含量(P>0.05),显著提高了血清中SA含量(P<0.05);在一定程度上降低了空肠大肠杆菌的数量,提高了乳酸菌的数量(P>0.05).由本研究可知,肉鸡日粮中添加一定量的合生素可以改善肉鸡生长性能,增强免疫能力、促进肠道健康.  相似文献   

4.
试验旨在研究日粮添加胆汁酸对肉鸡生产性能、血液生化指标以及屠宰性能的影响。选取2 400只1日龄AA肉仔鸡,分为4个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复100只。处理1(公鸡)和处理2(母鸡)饲喂基础日粮,处理3(公鸡)和处理4(母鸡)饲喂添加500 g/t胆汁酸的日粮。在21和35日龄时统计生产性能。36日龄时,每个重复随机选取两只鸡静脉采血后屠宰,测定血清生化指标及屠宰性能。结果显示:饲养前期(1~21 d),日粮添加胆汁酸显著提高了公鸡和母鸡平均体重、平均体增重和欧洲效益指数(P0.05),料肉比有降低趋势(P0.1);饲养全期,公鸡生产性能极显著高于母鸡(P0.01),日粮添加胆汁酸显著提高了肉鸡血液中总胆固醇的含量(P0.05),显著提高了肉鸡的腿肌率(P0.05),胸肌率也有升高的趋势(P0.1),母鸡的腹脂率显著高于公鸡(P0.05)。结果表明,胆汁酸能显著提高肉鸡前期生产性能,并且能改善肉鸡屠宰性能,对血液中脂肪代谢也有一定影响。  相似文献   

5.
试验选用112羽平均体重为(37.6±0.42)g的1日龄爱拔益加肉雏鸡以研究复合蛋白酶和甘露寡糖对肉鸡生产性能的影响及其互作效应.将所有鸡只随机分为4个处理,每个处理4个重复,每个重复7羽鸡.试验组日粮在玉米-豆粕日粮的基础上分别添加125 g/t的复合蛋白酶、1 000 g/t的甘露寡糖及125 g/t的复合蛋白酶+1 000 g/t的甘露寡糖.试验分前期(1～21 d)和后期(22～42 d)两个阶段.试验期为42 d.结果表明,日粮中添加125 g/t的复合蛋白酶对肉鸡的采食量无显著影响,但可显著提高肉鸡后期(P<0.01)及全期的日增重(P<0.05).虽然肉鸡前期和后期的饲料转化效率未出现显著变化,但复合蛋白酶对肉鸡全期的饲料转化效率有改善的趋势(P=0.08).1 000 g/t的甘露寡糖不仅提高了肉鸡后期的日增重(P<0.05),同时显著提高了肉鸡后期及全期的饲料转化效率(P<0.05).复合蛋白酶和甘露寡糖同时使用对肉鸡各阶段的日增重、采食量和饲料转化效率未表现出相互加和或抵消的效应.由此可知,125 g/t复合蛋白酶和1 000 g/t甘露寡糖对肉鸡具有明显的促生长作用,但两者之间不存在互作效应.  相似文献   

6.
张扬  李继明  孟勇  孙阳  杨滔 《饲料工业》2020,41(2):40-45
试验旨在研究复配物替代抗生素对肉鸡生长性能、肠道形态及血清生化及抗氧化能力的影响。选取600只1日龄Ross 308肉鸡随机分为3个处理(T1、T2、T3),每个处理10个重复,每个重复20只鸡,试验周期35 d。T1饲喂基础日粮;T2饲喂基础日粮+抗生素;T3饲喂基础日粮+0.03%复配物。结果表明:①与T1相比,T2、T3显著提高肉鸡1～21 d平均日增重(P<0.05),显著降低1～21、22～35 d和1～35 d料重比(P<0.05),对22～35 d和1～35 d平均日增重、各阶段平均日采食量无显著影响(P>0.05)。且T2和T3各阶段生长性能均无显著差异。②与T1相比,T2和T3显著增加21 d肉鸡十二指肠的绒毛高度和绒隐比(P<0.05);T3显著提高21 d肉鸡空肠绒毛高度和绒隐比(P<0.05);T3显著提高35 d肉鸡空肠绒隐比(P<0.05);试验处理对回肠肠道形态无显著影响(P>0.05)。③与T1相比,除T3显著增加35 d血清球蛋白含量外,T2和T3对35 d血清其它各项生化指标及抗氧化能力均无显著差异;T2和T3显著增加21 d血清总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白及肌酐含量(P<0.05),显著提高21 d谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性,显著降低21 d丙二醛的含量(P<0.05)。可见,饲粮中添加复配物可替代抗生素达到提高肉鸡生长性能,改善肠道健康,提高机体抗氧化能力的效果。  相似文献   

7.
文章旨在评估日粮添加丝兰提取物对肉仔鸡生长性能、营养物质消化率及小肠绒毛形态的影响.本试验分为对照组和处理组,试验动物为512只商品AA肉鸡,对照组与处理组肉鸡共分为8个重复,每个重复32只.对照组肉鸡在试验期间(1～14 d和15～35 d)均饲喂基础日粮,处理组肉鸡在试验阶段饲喂基础日粮+200 mg/kg丝兰提取...  相似文献   

8.
选用960只1日龄改良型艾维茵肉鸡随机分成3个处理组,每个处理8个重复、每个重复40只鸡,分别饲喂玉米-豆柏型日粮、DDGS型日粮、DDGS加酶型日粮.DDGS添加量为前期5%、后期13%.其中DDGS加酶型日粮中添加复合酶150 g/t.测定分析了肉鸡的生长性能、屠宰性能以及生物学综合评定价值和经济效益分析.试验结果显示:DDGS加酶型日粮对肉鸡生产性能和屠宰性能均无不良影响(P0.05),生物学综合评定价值为100,并降低了全期单住增重饲料成本;而DDGS型日粮显著增加了肉鸡的料肉比(P<0.05),显著降低了屠体重、胸肌重和翅肌重(P<0.05),降低了生物学综合评定价值,增加了中大鸡的单位增重饲料成本.  相似文献   

9.
1～21日龄黄羽肉鸡锌需要量的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
本研究旨在通过研究不同日粮锌(Zn)添加水平对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、抗氧化机能、免疫功能、组织Zn沉积等的影响,并对相对敏感指标进行非线性回归模型分析,以探讨1～21日龄黄羽肉鸡的Zn需要量.选用1日龄健康、发育良好的快大型岭南黄羽肉鸡公雏鸡1440只,根据体重随机分成6个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复40只鸡,处理1(空白对照组)为基础日粮,其中Zn水平为25 mg/kg,处理2、3、4、5、6日粮分别在基础日粮中添加20、40、60、80、120 mg/kg Zn.结果表明,日粮中添加各Zn水平均显著提高了试鸡平均日增重(P<0.05),添加80、120 mg/kg Zn显著提高了平均日采食量(P<0.05),添加60 mg/kg Zn显著降低了料重比(P<0.05).日粮中添加Zn显著提高了血清中谷胱甘肽(GSH)、Zn、金属硫蛋白(MT)含量和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(CuZnSOD)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性(P<0.05),并显著增加了胫骨中Zn含量和肝脏中MT含量(P<0.05),其中添加60 mg/kg Zn对改善血清AKP活性和胫骨Zn含量效果最佳.日粮中添加40 mg/kg Zn显著提高了脾脏指数(P<0.05),添加20～80 mg/kg Zn显著提高了胸腺指数和法氏囊指数(P<0.05).试验结果提示,以平均日增重、血清AKP活性和胫骨Zn含量为衡量指标,并考虑基础日粮中Zn水平得出,1～21日龄阶段试鸡日粮Zn适宜水平均为85 mg/kg,通过非线性回归模型估测得到的日粮Zn适宜水平分别为99、96和93 mg/kg.  相似文献   

10.
在体外试验以及预试验的基础上,通过对日粮中添加HMTBA、杆菌肽锌和益生菌,考察其对正常以及沙门氏菌CVCC518攻毒情况下肉鸡生产性能的影响。将300只雄性健康AA肉鸡随机分为5个日粮组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只鸡。试验期为42 d,分为前期(1～21 d)、后期(22～42 d),饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础日粮。结果表明:正常组中,各处理日粮都不同程度地改善了肉鸡的生产性能;HMTBA、益生菌和抗生素能够显著提高22～42 d肉鸡的日增重(P<0.05),抗生素组显著降低了22～42 d、1～42 d肉鸡的料重比(P<0.05);攻毒组中,各处理日粮都不同程度地改善了肉鸡各阶段的生产性能,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

14.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

15.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

16.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

17.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

18.
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors.  相似文献   

19.
<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems.  相似文献   

20.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

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