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1.
目的：建立HPLC双波长法同时测定四味穿心莲散中穿心莲内酯和脱水穿心莲内酯的含量。方法：采用XBridge C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,5 μm),以甲醇-水(52:48)为流动相,流速1.0ml.min-1;柱温25℃;进样量10μL,检测波长分别为225nm(穿心莲内酯)和254nm(脱水穿心莲内酯)。结果：穿心莲内酯浓度在12.7375μg.mL-1～509.5μg.mL-1范围内,线性良好(r2=0.9996);脱水穿心莲内酯浓度在3.4μg.mL-1～136μg.mL-1范围内,线性关系良好(r2=0.9997)。穿心莲内酯加样回收率平均为98.8%,RSD 为1.0%;脱水穿心莲内酯回收率平均为99.9%,RSD 为0.8%。结论：该方法快捷、灵敏、准确、可靠,可用于四味穿心莲散中穿心莲内酯和脱水穿心莲内酯2个有效成分的同步测定,为四味穿心莲散的质量控制和评价提供科学依据。  相似文献   

2.
制备了一种新型有机酸盐酒石酸沃尼妙林。通过扫描电子显微镜和X-衍射对其物理化学性质进行研究。结果表明:酒石酸沃尼妙林具结晶性,盐酸沃尼妙林是无定形的。稳定性试验表明:光照60 d,酒石酸沃尼妙林含量减少3.5%,而盐酸沃尼妙林降幅为18.2%;酒石酸沃尼妙林表现出比盐酸沃尼妙林更优的抗湿性,在65%和78%的湿度条件下放置2 d,酒石酸沃尼妙林和盐酸沃尼妙林的吸水量分别为1.30%,1.40%和4.50%,9.71%。体外抗菌敏感性试验表明上述2种盐的抗菌效果相同。酒石酸沃尼妙林对光照和湿度的稳定性将有利于其有效应用在兽医临床领域。  相似文献   

3.
目的:建立酒石酸艾芬地尔注射液中的酒石酸艾芬地尔的含量测定方法.方法:采用C18色谱柱(4.6 mmX200 mm,5 μm),流动相为0.02mol/L磷酸二氢钾的0.1%三乙胺溶液(用磷酸调节pH至4.0)-甲醇(45:55),流速:1.0m1·min-t检测波长:275nm.结果酒石酸艾芬地尔的线性方程为A=133093+1714033 r=0.9999;酒石酸艾芬地尔的回收率为99.86%,RSD为0.61%.结论HPLC法准确、可靠、灵敏度高、重复性好,可用于酒石酸艾芬地尔注射液的质量控制.  相似文献   

4.
HPLC法测定复方制剂中的酒石酸泰乐菌素   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
采用Kromasil C18色谱柱,甲醇-水(80:20)为流动相,检测波长为290nm,以HPLC外标法测定复方制剂中酒石酸泰乐菌素的含量。该法分离度大,被测组分的线性关系良好(r=0.9999),平均回收率100.0%,重复进样相对标准偏差0.16%。  相似文献   

5.
建立了芪蓝囊病饮中靛玉红的高效液相色谱(HPLC-PDA)检查方法。采用C18(250 mm×4.6 mm×5 μm),柱温35 ℃，以乙腈-0.2%磷酸水进行梯度洗脱，波长采集范围为200~640 nm，流速为1.0 mL/min，进样量10 L，提取检测波长为289 nm。靛玉红在0.5~2.0 μg(R2 =0.9991)线性关系良好，平均加样回收率90.0%(RSD=1.36%,n=6)。所建方法色谱分离较好，前处理简单，可用于芪蓝囊病饮中的靛玉红的含量测定，为完善芪蓝囊病饮的质量标准提供依据。  相似文献   

6.
为了测定二氧化氯固体消毒剂中DL-酒石酸的含量,采用C18柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),在室温下,以0.4 mol/L磷酸二氢钾(用磷酸调pH至2.4)为流动相,214 nm为检测波长,流速为1.0 m L/min,建立了反相高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC)测定方法。结果显示,DL-酒石酸在0.2~2.0 mg/m L范围内线性关系良好,R~2=0.9999,回收率范围为97.0%~102.3%。本方法简便、准确、快速,可用于二氧化氯固体消毒剂中DL-酒石酸的含量测定。  相似文献   

7.
建立了离子色谱法测定盐酸头孢噻呋中氯离子含量的方法。试验采用Dionex Ion Pac AS19(250 mm×4 mm,5μm)阴离子交换色谱柱,以氢氧化钾溶液为淋洗液,流速为1.0 m L/min,柱温为30℃,检测池温度为35℃,抑制型电导检测器。试验结果表明氯离子与常见成盐阴离子分离良好,在0.5~20μg/m L浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系(r2=0.9999),加样回收率为101.4%(n=9,RSD=1.7%)。建立的方法准确、灵敏、专属性好,可用于测定盐酸头孢噻呋中氯离子的含量,以控制成盐比例。  相似文献   

8.
本实验建立高效液相色谱法测定饲料原料葡糖糖胺盐酸盐含量。采用ODSC18柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),以磷酸盐缓冲液(pH=7.3～7.7)－乙腈(30+70,V1+V2)为流动相,进样量为10 μL,流速为0.6 mL/min,检测波长为195 nm,柱温为35 ℃。在此色谱条件下,葡萄糖胺盐酸盐在3.00～5.00 mg/mL浓度范围内呈良好线性关系,r = 0.99951,方法平均回收率为99.1%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.7%(n=9)。本法操作简便、快速、结果准确,应用于实际样品检测,结果满意,可作为葡萄糖胺盐酸盐含量测定的质控方法。  相似文献   

9.
本试验旨在建立一种高效快速测定饲料中沃尼妙林和泰妙菌素的固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱方法。用甲醇提取饲料中的沃尼妙林和泰妙菌素,经过Oasis MCX固相萃取柱净化后,由C18色谱柱分离,流动相为水(含0.1%甲酸)-乙腈(含0.1%甲酸),梯度洗脱,以电喷雾离子源(ESI)正离子扫描方式,在多反应监测(MRM)模式下进行测定,外标法定量。结果表明:本试验建立的固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法对饲料中沃尼妙林和泰妙菌素的检测限分别为25.0和5.0 ng/g。沃尼妙林和泰妙菌素浓度在0.01~5.00μg/m L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(R2)均大于0.99。在3个添加水平(2.5、25.0、125.0 mg/kg)下,沃尼妙林的回收率为85.17%~94.55%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.56%~7.65%,泰妙菌素的回收率为84.69%~99.36%,RSD为1.57%~4.95%。结果表明,本试验建立的固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法操作简单、准确度高,可应用于饲料中沃尼妙林和泰妙菌素的快速定量测定。  相似文献   

10.
建立了以高效液相色谱法测定盐酸沃尼妙林关键中间体二甲基半胱胺截短侧耳素含量的检测方法。色谱条件为SepaxC18色谱柱(150×4.6mm,3μm)流动相为乙腈-磷酸缓冲液(pH2.5)(V/V= 40∶60), 流速为1ml/min,检测波长为205nm。 并对该检测方法进行了系统适用性、线性、精密度、重现性稳定性、检测限、定量限以及回收率的考察,结果均良好,可以用于盐酸沃尼妙林关键中间体的含量检测。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

14.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

15.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

16.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

17.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

18.
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors.  相似文献   

19.
<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems.  相似文献   

20.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

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