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1.
目的:采用RP-HPLC法测定三氮脒的有关物质。方法:使用ZORBAXExtend-C_(18)柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm),流动相为0.025mol/L磷酸溶液(用三乙胺调节pH值至3.0)-乙腈(91:9),检测波长为254nm,流速为1.0mL/min。结果:三氮脒与各有关物质在上述色谱条件下能有效地分离。结论:该方法结果准确、操作简单、灵敏度高、专属性强,适用于三氮脒的有关物质测定。  相似文献   

2.
为建立芪板青颗粒中绿原酸、咖啡酸和黄芪甲苷含量测定的方法。测定绿原酸和咖啡酸采用Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18 250 mm×4.6 mm 5μm色谱柱,流动相为0.05%磷酸溶液-乙腈(92∶8,V∶V),进样量10μL,柱温30℃,流速为1.0 m L/min,在190 nm～400 nm范围进行扫描,记录327 nm色谱图;测定黄芪甲苷采用Waters symmetry C18 5μm 4.6 mm×250 mm色谱柱,进样量10μL,漂移管温度35℃,雾化器温度35℃,气流速度1.2 L/min,流动相为水-乙腈(65∶35,V∶V),柱温30℃,流速1.0 m L/min。绿原酸在3.611～72.23μg/m L范围内线性关系良好,r为0.99999,平均加样回收率97.1%;咖啡酸在3.060～61.20μg/m L范围内线性关系良好,r为0.99999,平均加样回收率96.2%;黄芪甲苷在1.0～10μg范围线性关系良好,r为0.9997,平均加样回收率为98.0%。该方法定性、定量准确,适用于芪板青颗粒含量测定。  相似文献   

3.
建立了检测样品中N-氨甲酰谷氨酸含量的HPLC-ESI-MS/MS分析方法。采用负离子多反应监测方法（MRM）测试,以碎片离子m/z 147.9和m/z 83.9进行定性,以碎片离子m/z 129.9进行定量。色谱柱为Agilent Zorbx SB-C18（4.6×150 mm,5μm）柱;流动相为乙腈—0.1%甲酸水溶液（5∶95,V/V）;柱温为20℃。结果表明,N-氨甲酰谷氨酸在20.0~500.0 g/L内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.999 8;精密度和准确度等均符合样品检测的要求。建立的方法准确、灵敏、特异性强,适用于样品中N-氨甲酰谷氨酸的含量检测。  相似文献   

4.
为了比较三氮脒及含苯磺酰胺结构单元的新型三氮脒衍生物在不同给药方式下对小鼠的毒性,以评估两种药物的安全性,根据改良寇氏法测定三氮脒及三氮脒衍生物在不同给药方式下对小鼠的半数致死量(LD_(50))及95%的可信限,给药方式分为腹腔注射和皮下注射两种。试验结果显示,腹腔注射时三氮脒和新型衍生物的LD_(50)分别为235.0 mg/kg、251.8 mg/kg,95%可信限为157.0～351.7 mg/kg、168.6～376.0 mg/kg;皮下注射时三氮脒的LD_(50)为257.6 mg/kg,95%可信限为171.2～387.8 mg/kg,新型衍生物的LD_(50)500.0 mg/kg。以上试验结果表明,新合成的衍生物其毒性和三氮脒相比,仅皮下注射时LD_(50)显著降低。对含苯磺酰胺结构单元的新型三氮脒衍生物的研发将具有重要的意义。  相似文献   

5.
为了建立测定术苦芩颗粒中黄芩苷、苦参碱含量的反相高效液相色谱法,采用Wonda Sil?C18柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,黄芩苷以甲醇-0.4%磷酸溶液(用三乙胺调节p H值至3.0)(52∶48,V/V)为流动相,检测波长为274 nm。苦参碱以乙腈∶甲醇∶0.2%磷酸溶液(用三乙胺调节p H值至7.0)(22∶13∶65,V/V)为流动相,流速为1.0 m L/min,检测波长220 nm;柱温30℃。术苦芩颗粒中黄芩苷和苦参碱分别在浓度为10μg/m L~150μg/m L和10μg/m L~400μg/m L范围内与峰面积均呈良好线性关系,r=0.99991和r=0.99994,平均加样回收率分别为99.32%和98.37%,其相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为0.625%和1.206%。用上述方法分别测定黄芩苷和苦参碱含量条件简单、稳定、快速,可用于检测术苦芩颗粒的质量控制标准。  相似文献   

6.
建立并验证了高效液相色谱法测定盐酸二氟沙星粉中二氟沙星含量的方法。采用十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),以磷酸溶液(取磷酸3.0 m L,加水至1000 m L,用三乙胺调节p H至3.0±0.1,加乙腈50 mL)-甲醇(78∶22,V/V)为流动相,流速为1.0 mL/min,柱温为30℃,波长273 nm。试验结果表明二氟沙星在2~100μg/m L范围内线性良好,R~2=0.9999,平均回收率为98.1%(n=9),RSD为1.0%。本文开发的方法与农业部公告1960号收载的紫外分光光度法相比具有更好的专属性,同时简便、快速、准确,适用于产品的质量控制。  相似文献   

7.
山羊血浆中三苯双脒的高效液相色谱检测方法的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
建立了山羊血浆中三苯双脒的高效液相色谱检测方法.山羊血浆用氢氧化钠和三乙铵处理,再用甲苯萃取三苯双脒,高速离心后,上清液真空干燥,残留物用含内标物的甲醇溶解后分析.采用Waters C18色谱分析柱(3.9 mm×150 mm,10 μm),流动相为甲醇-水(50:50,pH 3),流速0.6 mL/min,UV检测波长249 nm,柱温为25℃,内标物为水杨酸(5μg/mL).测得三苯双脒保留时间为4.3 min,水杨酸保留时间为8.0 min.在50～1 000 ng/mL浓度范围内三苯双脒和内标物峰面积之比与三苯双脒浓度具有良好的线性关系,回归方程为A=1 456.67C-60.01(r=0.974 7,n=5),RSD为5.1%.1 000、500和100 ng/mL质控浓度添加样品的日内(n=5)和日间(n=5)RSD分别为3.8%、9.7%、11.7%和5.2%、8.0%、11.1%.回收率为(94.3±1.1)%、(91.9±0.9)%和(94.7±5.0)%.最低检测限为20 ng/mL.本方法操作简便,灵敏度高,为三苯双脒兽用制剂临床前及临床药物代谢动力学研究提供了分析方法.  相似文献   

8.
建立了高效液相色谱法测定恩诺沙星注射液中非法添加乙酰甲喹、水杨酸含量的方法。试验采用十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶色谱柱,以0.025 moL/L磷酸溶液-乙腈(85∶15,V/V)为流动相,流速为1.0 m L/min,二极管阵列检测器进行全扫描和232 nm波长测定。结果表明乙酰甲喹在0.5～20μg/m L范围内线性良好,R~2=1.000,平均回收率为99.62%;水杨酸在1.0～50μg/m L范围内线性良好,R~2=1.000,平均回收率为99.51%;RSD在0.07%～3.44%之间。本方法准确、可靠、重现性好,可用于恩诺沙星注射液中非法添加乙酰甲喹、水杨酸的定性和定量检测。  相似文献   

9.
高效液相色谱法测定盐酸林可霉素注射液的含量   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
建立盐酸林可霉素注射液含量测定的高效液相色谱法。色谱柱:C_(18)色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相:0.05 mol/L硼砂溶液(用85%磷酸溶液调节pH值至5.0)∶甲醇∶乙腈=67∶33∶2(V/V),流速:1 mL/min,检测波长:214 nm,进样量:10μL,柱温:30℃。盐酸林可霉素浓度在0.1-2 mg/m L范围内峰面积与浓度的线性关系良好(R~2=0.999 9)。此法简便、快捷、灵敏度高、重现性好。  相似文献   

10.
牛奶中吡利霉素残留检测高效液相色谱-串联质谱法研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
建立了牛奶中吡利霉素残留检测的高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)法。液相色谱条件为:色谱柱为Waters XBridge C18柱(150 mm×2.1 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-0.01mol/L乙酸铵溶液(30∶70,V/V),柱温为30℃,流速为0.2 mL/min,进样量为10μL。质谱条件为:电喷雾离子源(ESI ),多反应监测(MRM)方式进行采集;监测离子质荷比(m/z)为411.5>112.0,411.5>363.4。以吡利霉素的同分异构体异吡利霉素作内标,内标法定量。结果表明:吡利霉素的线性范围为20~400 ng/mL,相关系数R2=0.999 9;方法检测限为2 ng/mL,定量限为5ng/mL;从50、100和150 ng/mL三个添加浓度检测结果可以看出,方法的平均回收率为90.4%~104.3%(n=6),批内、批间RSD均小于5%。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

14.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

15.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

16.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

17.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

18.
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors.  相似文献   

19.
<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems.  相似文献   

20.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

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