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1.
选取90头体重约62 kg的杜×长×大三元杂交育肥猪,将其分为第1组(对照组)、第2组和第3组,每组30头猪。用猪场现行饲粮(对照饲粮)饲喂对照组猪;第2组和第3组分别饲喂不同蛋白质和赖氨酸含量的日粮。饲养试验结果表明:(1)与对照组相比,第2、3组猪平均日增重分别提高37.09%(P0.01)、39.45%(P0.01),饲料的转化率分别提高20.21%(P0.01)、18.91%(P0.01),每千克增重的饲料成本(7.51、8.01元/kg)较对照组(7.36元/kg)分别提高2.04%和8.83%。(2)第2、3组猪血清葡萄糖含量较对照组分别提高14.66%(P0.05)、17.80%(P0.05),血清总蛋白含量分别提高7.94%(P0.05)、9.74%(P0.05),血清甘油三酯含量显著提高(P0.05),血清总胆固醇含量显著降低(P0.05);第2组猪血清GPT活性显著地低于对照组(P0.05),第3组猪血清GPT活性极显著地低于对照组(P0.01);第3组猪血清GOT活性显著地低于对照组和第2组(P0.05),血清T-SOD活性极显著地高于对照组(P0.01),显著地高于第2组(P0.05);第2、3组猪血清MDA含量较对照组分别减少21.27%(P0.05)、22.17%(P0.05)。基于试验结果可推断:育肥猪饲粮中蛋白质的适宜含量为15.25%,赖氨酸适宜含量为0.90%。  相似文献   

2.
为研究发酵桑叶粉作为饲料来源，其不同添加水平对生长猪生长性能和血清生化及抗氧化性能的影响，选取体质量30 kg左右的三元杂交生长猪48头，随机分成4组，对照组饲喂基础饲粮，试验组Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组分别在基础饲粮中添加2%、4%、6%的发酵桑叶粉进行饲喂试验。结果表明：饲料中添加发酵桑叶粉，试验组生长猪平均日采食量低于对照组(P<0.05),各试验组之间采食量差异不显著(P>0.05)。添加发酵桑叶粉使生长猪血清中的甘油三酯、总胆固醇、尿素氮含量显著降低(P<0.05);试验Ⅲ组尿酸含量显著低于其他各组(P<0.05);发酵桑叶粉的添加对血清中的葡萄糖含量有下降趋势作用，试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组血清中的葡萄糖含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。抗氧化能力随着发酵桑叶粉添加水平的提高，血清中的丙二醛含量极显著降低(P<0.01);过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶含量，试验组极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),说明生长猪饲粮中添加4%～6%发酵桑叶粉不影响其生长性能，有利于增强机体抗氧化能力。  相似文献   

3.
【目的】研究饲粮中添加姜黄素对生长期海南屯昌猪生长性能、血清生化指标和饲料养分表观消化率的影响。【方法】选取健康、体重(35.88 kg±0.25 kg)接近的80头海南屯昌猪,随机分成5组,每组4个重复,每个重复4头猪,其中对照组饲喂基础饲粮,抗生素组在基础饲粮中添加300 mg/kg硫酸黏膜杆菌素,3个试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加200(姜黄素1组)、400(姜黄素2组)和600 mg/kg(姜黄素3组)姜黄素。预饲期7 d,正试期50 d。试验第51天早上称重,计算生长性能;从每组随机选取6头猪静脉采血,检测血清生化指标;每个重复随机收集3头猪的新鲜粪便,测定饲料养分表观消化率。【结果】与对照组相比,姜黄素3组猪平均日增重(ADG)提高23.82%(P<0.05);料重比(F/G)降低20.06%(P<0.05);血清天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)活性和二氨氧化酶(DAO)含量分别降低22.23%和29.31%(P<0.05);血清IgA含量提高21.14%(P<0.05)。与抗生素组相比,姜黄素3组猪平均日增重(ADG)提高23.09%(P<0.05...  相似文献   

4.
选用体重约30kg的杜长大三元杂交生长猪96头,随机分成4个处理组,每组6个重复,每重复4头猪,公母各半。A组为对照组,饲喂基础饲粮,B、C、D组为试验组(每千克饲粮分别以250、500、750U植酸酶取代基础饲粮中的40%、60%、80%磷酸氢钙)。以研究玉米-豆粕型饲粮中添加植酸酶对生长猪生长性能和血液生化指标的影响。42d的饲养试验结果表明:与对照组相比,B、C、D组的平均日增重分别提高了1.05%(P>0.05)、4.09%(P<0.05)、2.64%(P>0.05);料重比与对照组相比分别降低了2.18%、2.62%、1.75%;每千克增重的饲料成本分别是对照组的97.38%、97.03%和97.73%。血清中钙含量分别提高了4.22%、4.22%、8.12%(P<0.05);血清中磷含量分别提高了1.46%、0.36%、14.23%(P<0.05),其它生化指标各试验组间无明显差异。  相似文献   

5.
试验研究壳聚糖亚铁对仔猪生长性能和血清相关生化指标的影响。选择144头杜长大三元杂交猪随机分为4组。分别饲喂4种日粮,基础日粮组不添加外源铁(对照组),试验组在基础日粮上分别添加50、100 mg/kg壳聚糖亚铁(CS-Fe(Ⅱ)、200 mg/kg FeSO4。结果表明:与对照组相比,100 mg/kg CS-Fe(Ⅱ)组显著提高了日增重(P<0.05);50、100 mg/kg CS-Fe(Ⅱ)组显著提高了血清中琥珀酸脱氢酶活性(P<0.05);同时黄嘌呤氧化酶活性比对照组和FeSO4组有显著降低(P<0.05)。与对照组和FeSO4组相比,100 mg/kg CS-Fe(Ⅱ)组显著提高了血清IgA水平(P<0.05),100 mg/kg CS-Fe(Ⅱ)组粪铁含量比FeSO4组显著降低(P<0.05)。  相似文献   

6.
为研究天然植物饲料对育肥猪生长性能、血液生化指标、抗氧化指标及肉质的影响,试验选取25kg左右的生长育肥猪152头,随机分为2组,每组4个重复,每个重复19头猪。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组饲喂添加500g/t天然植物饲料的日粮,试验期110d。结果表明:天然植物饲料可促进育肥猪的生长发育;试验组育肥猪血清中白蛋白(ALB)和碱性磷酸酶(ALP)水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05);与对照组相比,试验组血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)提高了3.19%(P<0.05),血清丙二醛(MDA)降低了6.43%(P<0.05);与对照组相比,试验组育肥猪肉pH24、肉色红度值和熟肉率分别提高了3.30%、10.99%和4.16%(P<0.05)。试验结果表明,天然植物饲料可促进育肥猪的生长,提高血清生化指标及抗氧化能力,显著改善肉质。  相似文献   

7.
选取健康"杜×长×大"三元杂交生长猪36头,按饲养试验要求分为3组,每组3个重复,每重复4头猪(公、母各半)。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型日粮;试验1组(双低菜粕组)在对照组饲粮基础上,用8%的双低菜粕代以配方中7%的豆粕;试验2组(双低菜粕+酶组)在试验1组基础上添加0.03%专用复合酶制剂。预试期7 d,正试期32 d。结果表明,不同处理日粮对生长猪的生长和饲料利用无显著影响(P>0.05);添加酶制剂使生长猪血清FT3水平提高了17.01%(P<0.05);双低菜粕组生长猪血清IgA含量提高了14.08%(P<0.01),加酶后生长猪血清IgGI、gM、补体C3和C4含量分别提高了12.59%(P<0.01)、20.59%(P<0.01)、36.18%(P<0.01)和24%(P<0.01);不同处理日粮对生长猪血清抗氧化指标及Ca、P、BUN(尿素氮)含量均无显著影响(P>0.05)。  相似文献   

8.
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加短乳杆菌(Lactobacillus brevis)对生长猪生长性能和血清生化指标的影响。选择108头平均体重为(24.49±1.61)kg的(70±2)日龄"杜×长×大"三元杂交生长猪,按性别、体重和窝源基本一致原则随机分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复12头猪。3组猪分别饲喂基础饲粮(对照组)、基础饲粮+0.05%短乳杆菌(试验Ⅰ组)和基础饲粮+0.10%短乳杆菌(试验Ⅱ组),试验期30 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组的平均日采食量、料重比和试验Ⅱ组的平均日采食量均显著降低(P<0.05),试验Ⅱ组的料重比极显著降低(P<0.01);2)与对照组相比,试验Ⅱ组粪便中的乳酸菌数量显著提高(P<0.05),大肠杆菌数量显著降低(P<0.05);3)与对照组相比,试验组的血清白蛋白含量显著降低(P<0.05),其中试验Ⅱ组达到极显著水平(P<0.01);球蛋白含量极显著升高(P<0.01);白球比极显著降低(P<0.01);结合珠蛋白含量极显著降低(P<0.01);干扰素γ含量显著升高(P<0.05)。结果提示,短乳杆菌能够显著改善生长猪肠道菌群环境,提高机体免疫力,改善生长性能。  相似文献   

9.
选取150头杜×长×大三元杂交育肥猪,将其分为试验1(对照组)、2、3、4组和试验5组,每组30头猪。用基础饲粮(猪场现行饲粮)饲喂对照组猪;在基础饲粮中添加蛋氨酸0.075%和0.15%后,分别饲喂试验2组和试验3组猪;在基础饲粮中添加苏氨酸0.1%和0.2%后,分别饲喂试验4组和试验5组猪。试验结果:(1)试验3组猪平均日增重较对照组提高11.76%(P0.05),试验2组猪平均日增重较对照组提高7.06%(P0.05),试验4、5组猪平均日增重分别较对照组提高3.53%(P0.05)、4.71%(P0.05);试验3组猪每千克增重的饲料成本(8.45元/kg)最低,试验4、2、5组猪每千克增重的饲料成本(8.46、8.76元/kg和8.88元/kg)依次提高,对照组猪每千克增重的饲料成本(9.09元/kg)最高。(2)试验2、3组猪血清总蛋白质含量高于对照组(P0.05),试验3、4、5组猪血清甘油三酯含量都低于试验1、2组(P0.01),试验2、3组猪血清Ig G含量都高于对照组(P0.05),试验3组猪血清GOT活性低于对照组和试验2组(P0.05)。基于上述结果推断:在育肥猪基础饲粮(蛋氨酸含量为0.18%)中添加0.15%的蛋氨酸含量(即总含量为0.33%)较宜;添加适量(0.1%)的苏氨酸,能促进其生长,降低猪增重的饲料成本。  相似文献   

10.
本试验旨在研究在小麦基础饲粮中添加木聚糖酶对生长猪生长性能、营养物质表观消化率、血清生化指标及肠道微生物菌群的影响,探讨适宜的木聚糖酶添加水平。选择80头健康、平均体重40 kg的"杜×长×大"生长猪,随机分为5个处理,每个处理4个重复,每个重复4头猪。正对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮,负对照组饲喂小麦-豆粕型基础饲粮,木聚糖酶组分别饲喂在负对照基础饲粮上添加500、1 000和2 000 U/kg木聚糖酶的试验饲粮。试验期28 d。结果表明:1)小麦基础饲粮中添加木聚糖酶可极显著提高生长猪平均日增重(P<0.01),显著或极显著提高平均日采食量和营养物质表观消化率(P<0.05或P<0.01),其中2 000 U/kg木聚糖酶组效果最好,平均日增重和平均日采食量分别提高了26.0%和16.5%(P<0.01);2)小麦基础饲粮中添加木聚糖酶显著或极显著提高了生长猪血清葡萄糖、三碘甲腺原氨酸、四碘甲腺原氨酸和D-木糖含量(P<0.05或P<0.01),极显著降低血清尿素氮含量(P<0.01);3)饲粮组成和木聚糖酶可显著影响猪肠道微生物菌群,添加木聚糖酶可维持动物肠道微生物菌群的平衡,2 000 U/kg木聚糖酶组肠道菌群结构和玉米-豆粕饲粮饲喂条件下接近。由此可见,添加2 000 U/kg的木聚糖酶可显著改善饲喂小麦基础饲粮生长猪的生长性能和营养物质表观消化率,维持肠道微生物菌群的平衡。在木聚糖含量为11.2%的生长猪小麦基础饲粮中,木聚糖酶的适宜添加水平为2 000 U/kg。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

14.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

15.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

16.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

17.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

18.
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors.  相似文献   

19.
<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems.  相似文献   

20.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

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