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1.
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2.
Objective— To document a novel technique to image the thoracic duct and its tributaries by contrast enhanced computed tomography (CT) lymphography.
Study Design— Clinical report.
Animals— Dogs (n=6) idiopathic chylothorax.
Methods— Ultrasonography was used to guide percutaneous injection of intestinal lymph nodes with nonionic iodinated contrast medium for preoperative CT lymphography of the thoracic duct in 6 dogs with chylothorax. Thoracic CT images were acquired immediately after contrast medium injection. All dogs had subtotal pericardectomy and thoracic duct ligation. Postoperative thoracic duct lymphography was performed in 3 dogs. Superficial cervical lymph node lymphography was performed in 2 dogs to determine cervical lymphatic contribution to thoracic effusions.
Results— Preoperative thoracic duct lymphography using this technique was successful in delineating the cisterna chyli, thoracic duct, and associated lymphatic vessels in all dogs. Immediate postoperative lymphography performed in 2 dogs revealed successful duct ligation in 1 dog and persistent lymphatic leakage in the other. A 1-month postoperative thoracic duct lymphogram performed in 1 dog revealed unsuccessful ligation or recannulation of 1 of 3 redundant vessels seen preoperatively.
Conclusion— Percutaneous CT lymphography results in excellent detection of the thoracic duct and abnormal thoracic duct drainage patterns both pre- and postoperatively. The contribution of superficial cervical lymph node drainage to reoccurrence of effusions can be evaluated.
Clinical Relevance— Percutaneous CT lymphography using ultrasound-guided contrast medium injection should be considered as an alternative to conventional open abdominal approaches to radiographic or CT lymphography.  相似文献   

3.
This study aimed to assess the influence of lobectomy and pneumonectomy on cardiac rhythm and on the dimensions and function of the right-side of the heart. Twelve dogs undergoing lobectomy and eight dogs undergoing pneumonectomy were evaluated preoperatively and one month postoperatively with electrocardiography and Doppler echocardiography at rest. Pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) was estimated by the tricuspid regurgitation jet (TRJ) via the pulse wave Doppler velocity method. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria (SIRS) were also evaluated based on the clinical and hematological findings in response to lobectomy and pneumonectomy. Following lobectomy and pneumonectomy, we predominantly detected atrial fibrillation and varying degrees of atrioventricular block (AVB). Dogs that died within seven days of the lobectomy (n = 2) or pneumonectomy (n = 1) had complete AVB. Preoperative right atrial, right ventricular, and pulmonary artery dimensions increased gradually during the 30 days (p<0.05) following pneumonectomy, but did not undergo significant changes during that same period after lobectomy. Mean PASP was 56.0 ± 4.5 mmHg in dogs having significant TRJ after pneumonectomy. Pneumonectomy, but not lobectomy, could lead to increases (p<0.01) in the SIRS score within the first day post-surgery. In brief, it is important to conduct pre- and postoperative cardiac evaluation of dogs undergoing lung resections because cardiac problems are a common postoperative complication after such surgeries. In particular, complete AVB should be considered a life-threatening complication after pneumonectomy and lobectomy. In addition, pneumonectomy appears to increase the likelihood of pulmonary hypertension development in dogs.  相似文献   

4.
Congenital Esophageal Hiatal Hernia in the Chinese Shar-Pei Dog   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
Esophageal hiatal hernia was diagnosed in 11 young Chinese Shar-Pei dogs between October 1985 and July 1991. The dogs ranged in age from 2 to 11 months and included 3 females and 8 males. The most common clinical signs were regurgitation, vomiting, and hypersalivation. Physical examination was normal in 6 dogs; abnormal physical examination findings in the other 5 dogs included fever, dehydration, hypersalivation, and pulmonary wheezes and crackles. Laboratory evaluation was significant only for neutrophilia in 5 dogs. A diagnosis of hiatal hernia was made on the basis of survey thoracic radio-graphic and/or barium esophagram findings of displacement of the esophagogastric junction and stomach into the thoracic cavity; the diagnosis was confirmed by surgery in 9 dogs and at necropsy in 2 dogs. Megaesophagus (n = 7), gastroesophageal reflux (n = 4), and esophageal hypomotility (n = 1) were additional findings in some dogs. Aspiration pneumonia was diagnosed in 7 of the dogs. Medical therapies formulated for the therapy of presumed reflux esophagitis generally failed to resolve the clinical signs associated with the hiatal hernia. Hiatal herniae were surgically repaired in 9 of the Shar-Peis by various combinations of diaphragmatic crural apposition, fixation of the esophagus to the diaphragmatic crus (esophagopexy), and left fundic tube gastropexy. Eight of the animals survived surgery, six of which have been asymptomatic since surgery (19 to 36 months). The megaesophagus, esophageal hypomotility, and bronchopneumonia resolved in all of these dogs. (Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 1993; 7:210–215. Copyright © 1993 by the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.)  相似文献   

5.
Objective— To describe a technique for laparoscopic ovariectomy (LapOVE) in small dogs, and compare the surgical time, complications, and postoperative activity of dogs undergoing LapOVE to those undergoing conventional traditional open ovariectomy (OOVE).
Study Design— A randomized, controlled clinical trial.
Animals— Intact small breed (<10 kg) female dogs (n=20).
Methods— Ventral median celiotomy was performed for OOVE. A 2-midline portal technique using a 3.5 mm laparoscope port and a 6 mm instrument portal was used for LapOVE. An accelerometer was attached to the collar of each dog to record 24-hour preoperative and 48-hour postoperative activity. Total activity counts recorded before surgery were compared with total counts recorded after surgery. The percent change in counts after surgery was compared between OOVE- and LapOVE-treated dogs.
Results— No major complications occurred and surgical time for LapOVE was significantly longer than for OOVE cases ( P =.005). Dogs in the LapOVE group had a 25% decrease in total activity counts after surgery (95% confidence interval [CI]: 11–38%), whereas dogs in the OOVE group had a 62% decrease in total activity counts after surgery (95% CI: 48–76%).
Conclusions— Both procedures were performed with reasonable surgical times and without major complication. Postoperative activity, as measured by accelerometry, was significantly different between the 2 groups.
Clinical Relevance— Laparoscopy is a safe method for ovariectomy in small dogs and results in increased postoperative activity counts when compared with an open technique.  相似文献   

6.
Objective— To describe a thoracic wall reconstructive technique using a latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap after en bloc resection of primary rib chondrosarcoma and report outcome in 5 dogs.
Study Design— Retrospective study.
Animals— Dogs (n=5) with primary rib chondrosarcoma.
Methods— Medical records (2003–2005) were reviewed for signalment, staging investigations, surgical findings, complications, and outcomes. Owners and veterinary surgeons were contacted for outcome information.
Results— A latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap provided an air-tight thoracic wall closure after chondrosarcoma resection. Paradoxical respiratory movement of the flap occurred; however, from physical examination and blood gas analysis (2 dogs), ventilation was adequate. All flaps survived, 1 had superficial skin necrosis distally and 2 had minor wound dehiscence. One dog without tumor-free margins died of tumor-related disease 56 days after surgery. Tumor recurrence did not occur in 4 dogs with tumor-free margins. One dog was euthanatized 10 months after surgery for unrelated disease; 3 dogs were alive at writing (median follow-up: 20 months; range, 18–27 months) and all had a satisfactory functional and cosmetic outcome.
Conclusions— Reconstruction of ventral thoracic wall defects using a latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap yields a functional, cosmetic outcome.
Clinical Relevance— A latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap can be used as a successful 1-stage reconstructive technique for ventral thoracic wall defects.  相似文献   

7.
CLINICAL SUMMARY: This report describes torsion of the right cranial lung lobe in a cat with haemorrhagic pleural effusion and a chronic diaphragmatic hernia. Surgical treatment comprising lung lobectomy without de-rotation, and repair of the diaphragmatic defect, led to an uneventful recovery. PRACTICAL RELEVANCE: Lung lobe torsion is a rare condition in cats. While spontaneous lung lobe torsions may occur, a frequent association with underlying thoracic disease has been recognised in cats. However, neither haemorrhagic pleural effusion nor diaphragmatic hernia have been previously described in cats with lung lobe torsions, although they have been documented in dogs and humans. In a cat with suspected lung lobe torsion, a thorough search for an underlying disease should be undertaken.  相似文献   

8.
The comparison of the histologic healing and bronchopleural fistula (BPF) complications encountered with three different BS closure techniques (manual suture, stapler and manual suture plus tissue flab) after pneumonectomy in dogs was investigated for a one-month period. The dogs were separated into two groups: group I (GI) (n = 9) and group II (GII) (n = 9). Right and left pneumonectomies were performed on the animals in GI and GII, respectively. Each group was further divided into three subgroups according to BS closure technique: subgroup I (SGI) (n = 3), manual suture; subgroup II (SGII) (n = 3), stapler; and subgroup III (SGIII) (n = 3), manual suture plus tissue flab. The dogs were sacrificed after one month of observation, and the bronchial stumps were removed for histological examination. The complications observed during a one-month period following pneumonectomy in nine dogs (n = 9) were: BPF (n = 5), peri-operative cardiac arrest (n = 1), post-operative respiratory arrest (n = 1), post-operative cardiac failure (n = 1) and cardio-pulmonary failure (n = 1). Histological healing was classified as complete or incomplete healing. Histological healing and BPF complications in the subgroups were analyzed statistically. There was no significant difference in histological healing between SGI and SGIII (p = 1.00; p > 0.05), nor between SGII and SGIII (p = 1.00; p > 0.05). Similarly, no significant difference was observed between the subgroups in terms of BPF (p = 0.945; p > 0.05). The results of the statistical analysis indicated that manual suture, stapler or manual suture plus tissue flab could be alternative methods for BS closure following pneumonectomy in dogs.  相似文献   

9.
Objective— To investigate the feasibility of, and outcome after, laparoscopic adrenalectomy in dogs with unilateral adrenocortical carcinoma.
Study Design— Case series.
Animals— Dogs (n=7) with Cushing's syndrome caused by unilateral adrenocortical carcinoma.
Methods— Laparoscopic adrenalectomy with the dog in lateral recumbency on the unaffected side. Three 5-mm portals (1 laparoscopic portal, 2 instrument portals) were placed in the paralumbar fossa. A fourth instrumental portal (5–12 mm) was placed above the kidney. After dissection and hemostatic control of the phrenicoabdominal vein, the adrenal gland was carefully dissected or when there was capsule fragility, necrotic content was partially aspirated. The remaining glandular tissue was removed through the 12-mm trocar site.
Results— Dogs with unilateral adrenocortical carcinoma (3 right-sided, 4 left-sided) without invasion of the caudal vena cava were successfully operated by laparoscopic approach. There were no significant intraoperative complications; 2 dogs died within 48 hours of surgery because of respiratory complications. Five dogs were discharged 72 hours after surgery, and signs of hyperadrenocorticism disappeared thereafter (survival time ranged from 7 to 25 months).
Conclusions— Laparoscopic adrenalectomy is feasible in dogs with either right- or left-sided adrenocortical carcinoma not involving the caudal vena cava.
Clinical Relevance— When performed by experienced surgeons, laparoscopic adrenalectomy offers a minimally invasive alternative to open laparotomy or retroperitoneal surgery for the treatment of unilateral adrenocortical carcinoma in dogs.  相似文献   

10.
Four thoracic evacuation techniques for pneumothorax elimination after diaphragmatic defect closure were compared in 40 canine cadavers. After creating a defect in the left side of the diaphragm, thoracic drainage was performed by thoracostomy tube insertion through the defect and a small (DD-SP) or large (DD-LP) puncture created in the caudal mediastinum, or through both the diaphragmatic defect and intact contralateral diaphragm with a small (DI-SP) or large (DI-LP) puncture in made in the caudal mediastinum. Differences in intrapleural pressure (IPP) between the right and left hemithoraxes after air evacuation along with differences in IPP before making a defect and after air evacuation in each hemithorax were calculated. A difference (p ≤ 0.0011) in IPP between the left and right hemithoraxes after air evacuation as well as before making a defect and after air evacuation in the right hemithorax was detected for the DD-SP group. No significant differences (p ≥ 0.0835) were observed for the DI-LP, DD-LP, or DI-SP groups. Creation of a large mediastinal puncture or thoracic evacuation through both a diaphragmatic defect and intact contralateral diaphragm can facilitate proper pneumothorax elimination bilaterally after diaphragmatic defect closure in dogs with a small puncture in the caudal mediastinum.  相似文献   

11.
The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical, radiographic, and computed tomographic findings in dogs and cats with migrating intrathoracic grass awns. Thirty-five dogs and five cats with visual confirmation of a grass awn following surgery, endoscopy or necropsy, and histology were assessed. The medical records and all diagnostic imaging studies were reviewed retrospectively. Labrador Retrievers or English Pointers < 5 years of age, with a history of coughing and hyperthermia, were the most common presentations. Seventeen animals had an inflammatory leukogram of which 14 had a left shift or toxic neutrophils. Radiographs were performed in 38 animals and computed tomography (CT) in 14. Thoracic radiographs were characterized by focal pulmonary interstitial to alveolar opacities (n = 26) that occurred most commonly in the caudal (n = 19) or accessory lobes (n = 8). Additional findings included pneumothorax (n = 9), pleural effusion (n = 8), and pleural thickening (n = 7). Pulmonary opacities identified on radiographs correlated to areas of pneumonia and foreign body location. CT findings included focal interstitial to alveolar pulmonary opacities (n = 12) most commonly in the right caudal lung lobe (n = 9), pleural thickening (n = 11), mildly enlarged intrathoracic lymph nodes (n = 10), soft tissue tracking (n = 7) with enhancing margins (n = 4), pneumothorax (n = 6), pleural effusion (n = 4), and foreign body visualization (n = 4). Histologic diagnoses included pulmonary and mediastinal granulomas or abscesses, bronchopneumonia, and pleuritis. Migrating intrathoracic grass awns should be considered as a differential diagnosis in coughing, febrile animals with focal interstitial to alveolar pulmonary opacities, pleural effusion, pleural thickening, and/or pneumothorax on radiographs or CT.  相似文献   

12.
Spontaneous pneumothorax caused by pulmonary blebs and bullae was diagnosed in 12 dogs based on history, clinical examination, thoracic radiographs, surgical findings, and histopathological examination of resected pulmonary lesions. Radiographic evidence of blebs or bullae was seen in only one dog. None of the dogs responded to conservative treatment with thoracocentesis or thoracostomy tube drainage. A median sternotomy approach was used to explore the thorax in all dogs. Pulmonary blebs and bullae were resected with partial or complete lung lobectomy. Ten of the dogs had more than one lesion, and seven of the dogs had bilateral lesions. The cranial lung lobes were most commonly affected. Histopathology results of the blebs and bullae were consistent in all dogs and resembled lesions found in humans with primary spontaneous pneumothorax. None of the dogs developed recurrence of pneumothorax. Median follow-up time was 19 months. The outcome following resection of the pulmonary blebs and bullae was excellent.  相似文献   

13.
Objective— To evaluate the efficacy of a surgically placed, static hydraulic urethral sphincter (SHUS) for treatment of urethral sphincter mechanism incompetency (USMI).
Study Design— Prospective study.
Animals— Spayed female dogs (n=4) with acquired USMI.
Methods— Urinary incontinence was assessed using a subjective continence score before and after implantation of an SHUS on the proximal urethra via ventral median celiotomy. Dogs were assessed for urinary continence, urinary tract infections, and implant-associated complications for 30 months. Residual incontinence was treated with percutaneous inflation of the SHUS with sterile saline solution through a biocompatible subcutaneous administration port.
Results— At last follow-up (26–30 months after surgery), continence scores improved from a median preoperative score of 3/10 to a median postoperative score of 10. One dog developed wound drainage over the subcutaneously placed administration port but remained continent after port removal. Three occluders were percutaneously filled with additional saline (median, 0.18 mL; mean, 0.16 mL) to improve continence after surgery.
Conclusions— Application and adjustment of an SHUS provided sustained improvements in continence score in all dogs.
Clinical Relevance— In this pilot study, 3 of 4 dogs with hydraulic urethral sphincter implantation had successful percutaneous adjustment and maintained improved continence scores for 2 years after surgery. Continence was maintained in the 4th dog even after administration port removal. Based on this pilot study, the SHUS warrants further clinical evaluation for treatment of dogs with USMI unresponsive to medical management.  相似文献   

14.
Thoracoscopy   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
This article presents endoscopic evaluation of the pleural cavity, or thoracoscopy, an effective diagnostic technique that can be employed to provide additional diagnostic information in cases of intrathoracic disease. The techniques of thoracoscopy are described, and normal and abnormal findings are discussed. Thoracoscopy allows visual examination of the pleural space and surrounding structures without surgical exploration. The stress, expense, morbidity, and mortality of thoracoscopy are far less than those of thoracotomy. Disease for which thoracoscopy has been employed diagnostically include primary and metastatic neoplasia, hilar lymphadenopathy, pericardial effusion, spontaneous pneumothorax, and diaphragmatic hernia. Therapeutically, thoracoscopy has been used for drainage of pericardial effusion.  相似文献   

15.
Objectives – To present a case series of horses diagnosed with diaphragmatic hernia, and to determine the significance of (1) historical information, examination findings, and laboratory data; and (2) exploratory laparotomy or necropsy findings on short- and long-term outcome.
Setting – University Referral Hospital.
Design – Retrospective study.
Animals – Forty-four horses/foals admitted between 1986 and 2006 with a diagnosis of diaphragmatic hernia made either at exploratory laparotomy or necropsy.
Interventions – None.
Measurements and Main Results – Information from the medical records included history, clinical examination findings at presentation, and findings of exploratory laparotomy or necropsy. Logistic regression or the Fisher exact test was used to determine factors associated with survival. Outcome was defined as survival to discharge (short-term survival), and long-term survival was defined as horses alive at least 1-year post surgery. Of the 44 horses, 18 died or were euthanized before surgery. Twenty-six were taken to surgery, 17 were euthanized. Nine horses recovered from anesthesia, 7 of which survived to hospital discharge. Of these, 5 were alive at long-term follow-up. Survival was significantly associated with the age of the horse (≤2 y old) at presentation, presence of normal peritoneal fluid at presentation, amount of compromised viscera at surgery (<50% small intestine), and the size (<10 cm) and location (ventral) of the diaphragmatic tear.
Conclusion – This study confirms that size and location of the lesion do play a significant role in prognosis. And, although the prognosis for horses with diaphragmatic hernia is poor, if horses have operable lesions there is a fair prognosis for long-term survival.  相似文献   

16.
Objective— To describe the use of a 3.5/2.7 mm CastLess Plate (CLP) for pancarpal arthrodesis (PCA) in dogs.
Study Design— Case series.
Animals— Dogs with traumatic/degenerative carpal disease (n=11).
Methods— Records (September 2006–July 2007) of dogs that had PCA using a 3.5/2.7 mm CLP were reviewed to determine intra- and postoperative complications and use of external coaptation. Follow-up (≥12 months) was obtained by telephone interview of owners.
Results— Thirteen PCA procedures were performed; 5 intraoperative complications occurred in 4 procedures and included iatrogenic metacarpal fissure fracture (2), inability to remove an alignment pin (1), and poor distal plate position (2). External coaptation was used in 4 dogs: concomitant or iatrogenic injuries (3), bilateral PCA (1), for 3–6 weeks. Clinical evaluation 6–24 weeks postoperatively revealed iatrogenic metacarpal fractures to have healed and that 1 postoperative complication (infection) developed. Telephone follow up for 10 dogs (mean, 14 months; range, 12–20 months) revealed no further problems.
Conclusion— PCA using a 3.5/2.7 mm CLP reduces the need for external coaptation and seemingly reduces postoperative morbidity associated with other internal fixation techniques.
Clinical Relevance— PCA can be performed safely and successfully using a 3.5/2.7 mm CLP, with low postoperative morbidity compared with other PCA techniques. Particular attention should be taken when applying the distal component of the plate.  相似文献   

17.

Objective

To describe a modified rib pivot thoracotomy and its clinical application in client‐owned dogs and cats.

Study design

Case series of 24 dogs and 1 cat requiring a thoracotomy.

Methods

A lateral thoracic incision over the required thoracic segment was made. The latissimus dorsi muscle was reflected dorsally. The predetermined rib was identified and the periosteum overlying the rib was elevated circumferentially, avoiding the intercostal neurovascular structures. Holes were pre‐placed above and below the proposed osteotomy site. The rib was osteotomised and pivoted cranially. The pleura was incised and the required intrathoracic procedure was then performed. The thoracic cavity was closed by pre‐placement of a suture through the pre‐placed holes within the osteotomised rib. The pleura and intercostal musculature were closed, avoiding the intercostal neurovascular structures. The rib was re‐apposed and the lateral approach was closed. The cases included were reviewed for both the rib pivoted as per the procedure required and postoperative complications.

Results

The study group comprised 8 Staffordshire Bull Terriers, 2 Poodles, 2 German Shepherd Dogs, 1 each of Basset Hound, Rhodesian Ridgeback, Golden Retriever, Australian Shepherd, Vizsla, Bull Mastiff, Schnauzer, Jack Russell Terrier, Bulldog, Deerhound, Labrador Retriever and Australian Terrier, and 1 cat. A modified rib pivot thoracotomy was performed for lung lobectomy (n = 11), oesophagectomy (7), subtotal pericardectomy (5), patent ductus arteriosus ligation (1) and thoracic duct ligation (1). Follow‐up ranged from 2 to 40 weeks postoperatively. Postoperative complications included seroma formation in two dogs.

Conclusion

A modified rib pivot thoracotomy should be considered as an alternative lateral thoracic approach with good exposure, minimal complications and low morbidity.  相似文献   

18.
Objective  To evaluate motility of silicone orbital implants and corneoscleral prostheses, with and without use of a motility coupling post (MCP) in dogs.
Animals studied  Eighteen mixed-breed dogs.
Procedures  The motility of an orbital silicone implant and corneoscleral prosthesis after enucleation ( n  = 6), evisceration ( n  = 6), or use of a MCP with evisceration ( n  = 6) in dogs were compared. One eye from each dog had surgery whereas the opposite eye was used as a control. Clinical evaluations were performed three times a week. Histopathology of the orbital tissues was performed 8 and 12 weeks after surgery.
Results  Implant motility in dogs with evisceration (vertical movement [VM] 8.04 ± 2.13; horizontal movement [HM] 11 ± 3.05) and evisceration with MCP (VM 9.61 ± 1.59); HM was significantly greater than the enucleation group (VM 0.51 ± 0.5; HM 1.22 ± 0.68) ( P <  0.01). Prosthetic motility in dogs with evisceration with MCP was significantly greater than in dogs with evisceration; dogs with evisceration had significantly greater motility than dogs with enucleation ( P <  0.01). No postoperative complications were observed in any of the groups. No significant abnormalities were noted on histopathology.
Conclusions  MCP placement in silicone orbital implants significantly enhanced the prosthetic motility in dogs. This study supports the use of MCP in silicone orbital implants to enhance corneoscleral prosthesis motility and cosmetics in dogs.  相似文献   

19.
Medical records of 34 dogs and 16 cats undergoing surgical repair of diaphragmatic hernia of >2 weeks' duration were reviewed, and long-term follow-up information was obtained. The most common clinical signs were dyspnea and vomiting; however, many of the animals were presented for nonspecific signs such as anorexia, lethargy, and weight loss. Thoracic radiographs revealed evidence of diaphragmatic hernia in only 66% of the animals, and additional imaging tests were often needed to confirm the diagnosis. Thirty-six hernias were repaired through a midline laparotomy; 14 required a median sternotomy combined with a laparotomy. In 14 animals, division of mature adhesions of the lungs or diaphragm to the herniated organs was necessary to permit reduction of the hernia. Fourteen animals required resection of portions of the lungs, liver, or intestine. All hernias were sutured primarily without the use of tissue flaps or mesh implants. Twenty-one of the animals developed transient complications in the postoperative period; the most common of these was pneumothorax. The mortality rate was 14%. Thirty-four (79%) of the animals that were discharged from the hospital had complete resolution of clinical signs, and none developed evidence of recurrent diaphragmatic hernia during the follow-up period. Nine were lost to follow-up.  相似文献   

20.
Background: Pimobendan (PIMO) is a novel inodilator that has shown promising results in the treatment of advanced mitral valve disease (MVD), but little is known about its hemodynamic effects, especially regarding the mitral regurgitant volume in naturally occurring MVD.
Hypothesis: The addition of pimobendan to treatment decreases the regurgitant fraction (RF) in dogs with asymptomatic MVD.
Animals: Twenty-four client-owned dogs affected by International Small Animal Cardiac Health Council class Ib MVD.
Methods: Prospective, blinded, and controlled clinical trial. Dogs were assigned to a PIMO treatment group (n = 19) (0.2–0.3 mg/kg q12h) or a control group (n = 5). Echocardiographic evaluations were performed over a 6-month period.
Results: The addition of PIMO to treatment did not decrease the RF of dogs affected by asymptomatic class 1b MVD over the study period ( P = .85). There was a significant increase in the ejection fraction of the PIMO treated dogs at 30 days (80.8 ± 1.42 versus 69.0 ± 2.76, corrected P = .0064), and a decrease in systolic left ventricular diameter (corrected P = .011) within the PIMO group compared with baseline. However, this improvement in systolic function was not sustained over the 6-month trial period.
Conclusion and Clinical Importance: This study did not identify beneficial long-term changes in the severity of mitral regurgitation after addition of PIMO to angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor treatment of dogs with asymptomatic MVD.  相似文献   

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