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1.
牦牛病毒性腹泻／粘膜病防制中间试验 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
从１９９１￣１９９３年，应用牛病毒性腹泻／粘膜病（ＢＶＤ／ＭＤ）Ｏ系弱毒冻干苗６０万头份对我省青南地区玉树、称多、泽库三个ＢＶＤ／ＭＤ发病严重的县进行了大面积的预防注射，调者被注射牛７６７９７头；同时在该地区应用猪瘟弱毒苗预防注射牛２０万头份，调查被注射牛４８０００头。试验结果：应用ＢＶＤ／ＭＤ Ｏ系弱毒冻干苗使牦牛ＢＶＤ／ＭＤ死亡率由６．６１％降至０．２４％，应用猪瘟弱毒苗亦对该病有较好的防制效 相似文献
2.
田丽 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》1990,(6)
青海省畜牧兽医科学院承担的“牦牛病毒性腹泻调查、诊断和防治的研究”课题,于1990年10月15日在青海省畜牧厅主持下通过鉴定。近几年在我省玉树藏族自治州的一些地区发生牛腹泻病,死亡率较高,群众损失很大。该课题组经4年的调查、研究和防治试验,确诊为牛病毒性腹泻/粘膜病,已查明我省各州及农业区均有此病存在,有些地区感染率很高。并由泽库县的病牛血清中首次分离获得牛病毒性腹泻/粘膜病病毒。选用牛病毒性腹泻/粘膜病O系弱毒疫苗和猪瘟兔化弱毒疫苗,在玉树州的病区现场进行预防,均能明显减少发病和死亡,具有较高的经济效益。 相似文献
3.
1993年猪瘟牛睾丸细胞苗生产过程中出现细胞病变、毒价不高．猪瘟、牛病毒性腹泻─粘膜病病毒、猪细小病毒（HCV、BVD／MDV、PPV）三价荧光抗体及其他中间监测结果观察．初步认为，长沙市部分乳牛场已铁牛病毒性腹泻─粘膜病病毒感染． 相似文献
4.
１９９３年猪瘟牛睾细胞苗生产过程中出现细胞病变，毒价不高猪瘟，牛病毒性腹泻－－粘百闻不如一见 病毒，细小病毒三价荧光抗体及其他中间监测结果观察，初步认为，长沙市部分乳牛场已被牛病毒性腹泻－粘膜病病毒感染。 相似文献
5.
猪常用疫苗基本特性及使用方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
(一)猪瘟疫苗免疫接种是预防和控制猪瘟的主要手段,目前我国瘟猪疫苗种毒均为猪瘟兔化弱毒,疫苗有组织苗和细胞苗2种类型。组织苗主要是利用猪瘟兔化弱毒接种3～5日龄乳兔,接种36小时后取乳兔的肝、脾及肌肉组织制成的疫苗。细胞苗是猪瘟兔化弱毒经犊牛睾丸细胞或ST细胞培养制成的疫苗,犊牛睾丸细胞有可能携带牛病毒性腹泻粘膜病病毒。生 相似文献
6.
青海省玉树地区牦牛中流行的“大牛拉稀病”,经流行病学调查,临床检验,血清学诊断,防制试验,确定为牛病毒性腹泻/粘膜病,细菌学检查未发现致病菌,BVD血清中和试验阳性率为42—70％。用O系BVD弱毒疫苗与猪瘟兔化弱毒疫苗在病区分别免疫牦牛3000头,均可明显地降低发病和死亡率。这两种疫苗均可用于本病的防制。 相似文献
7.
20世纪80年代,西南民族大学"拉稀病"研究组从四川地区牦牛体内分离出牛病毒性腹泻病毒(Bovine viral diarrhea virus,BVDV),导致牦牛发生以腹泻、消化道黏膜脱落为主要症状的传染病.牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDV)与猪瘟病毒(CSFV)、羊边界病毒(BDV)同属黄病毒科瘟病毒属, 基因和蛋白质结构与其他瘟病毒一致,其基因组为单股正链RNA,大小约为12.5 kb,包括1个大的开放阅读框(ORF)和两侧的非翻译区(UTR).开放阅读框编码1个多聚蛋白, 在宿主细胞和病毒自身蛋白酶作用下, 进一步加工为成熟的蛋白, 包括结构蛋白C、E0、E1、E2.研究根据5′非翻译区(5′-untranslated region,5′-UTR)确定了牦牛牛病毒性腹泻病毒的基因型,对E0基因进行了序列分析,为进一步研究基因工程苗、有针对性地防治牦牛病毒性腹泻和制作诊断抗原奠定了基础. 相似文献
8.
对生猪感染BVDV的实验检测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
牛病毒性腹泻病毒（BVDV）和猪瘟病毒（HCV）同属黄病毒科瘟病毒属成员。牛病毒性腹泻病毒除了引起牛发生黏膜性腹泻外,还可引起羊、鹿、猪及许多野生动物感染。一般情况下,猪感染BVDV不表现牛病毒性腹泻的临床症状而呈现亚临床感染,其症状和病理变化类似温和型猪瘟。本实验对2007～2008年本区各猪场送检病料各随机抽取92份,不同厂家不同批次的猪瘟弱毒疫苗23份,进行BVDV抗原检测。 相似文献
9.
猪瘟弱毒疫苗对牦牛病毒性腹泻预防效果 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
群吉 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》2003,33(2):F003-F003
称多、玉树两县系牦牛病毒性腹泻的常发区 ,笔者用猪瘟弱毒疫苗对牦牛病毒性腹泻进行免疫注射。实践证明该疫苗具有较好的预防效果。1 疫苗猪瘟弱毒疫苗 ,由兰州兽医生物药品厂制造 ,每头牦牛按 3头份猪的剂量进行注射。2 注射后的效果调查对称多县珍秦乡进行了调查 ,该乡先后对三、五、六三个村的牦牛用猪瘟弱毒苗进行了预防注射 ,总计免疫牛 4 .8万头。该乡在免疫预防前 ,每年因本病死亡牛约 5 0 0余头 ,而免疫后在这三个村三年累计发病死亡 10 8头 ,占免疫总头数的 0 .2 3% ,预防效果明显 ,疫区牧民很受欢迎。3 注射后的安全反应情况… 相似文献
10.
从西藏牦牛体内分离到了一株能使犊牛睾丸细胞产生明显病变的牛病毒性腹泻/粘膜病病毒,该分离物能使西藏牦牛和山东黄牛出现类似的临床症状,其中以牦牛的症状更接近于自然感染病例。电镜下可看到分离物为球形有囊颗粒、直径约为65nm;对酸、热和乙醚敏感,对5—碘脱氧脲苷有抵抗力;将病变细胞用吖啶橙染色后能见到橙红色荧光;通过琼脂凝胶免疫扩散试验和细胞中和试验,均证明分离毒与BVD毒具有共同的抗原性,它们的抗体也具有共同的抗原结合位点。上述结果充分证明西藏牦牛分离毒为牛病毒性腹泻/粘膜病病毒,它将为西藏地区控制和预防本病流行提供有力的依据。 相似文献
11.
重庆市部分地区牛病毒性腹泻／粘膜病血清流行病学调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了解牛病毒性腹泻／粘膜病（BVD／MD）的流行情况,从重庆市辖区内11个区县（自治县）采集奶牛、黄牛、水牛血清共;369头份,用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测BVD／MD抗体。结果从9个区县（自治县）检测出阳性样品,阳性率介于8．33％～50．00％之间,总阳性率为22．49％;规模奶牛场、散养奶牛、散养黄牛、散养水牛的阳性率分别为42．16％、9．62％、21．31％、9．76％。提示该病在我市各种牛群中存在,污染较广,应引起重视。 相似文献
12.
Moennig V Eicken K Flebbe U Frey HR Grummer B Haas L Greiser-Wilke I Liess B 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2005,72(1-2):109-14; discussion 215-9
Bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) control/eradication programmes based on the test and removal of persistently infected cattle without use of vaccination were first introduced by the Scandinavian countries in the early 1990s. Within the last 10 years the programmes have proven to be very successful and have served as a blueprint for several other European regions. However, in areas with high cattle densities, intense animal trade and high BVD prevalence this control approach is risky, because there is a high probability that herds, which have been cleared of persistently infected (PI) animals and have become partly or fully susceptible to reintroduction of the virus, will come in contact with a BVD virus (BVDV) infected animal. A combination of the test and removal strategy with subsequent systematic vaccination of cattle could overcome this problem. The goals of vaccination in such a programme is protection against reintroduction of BVDV into herds free from PI cattle and foetal protection of pregnant animals accidentally exposed to the virus. Two-step vaccination is based on the use of inactivated BVDV-1 vaccine for priming followed by a live attenuated vaccine booster 4 weeks later. The immune response elicited by such a vaccination scheme has proven to be long lasting and foetal infection after challenge with BVDV-1 and BVDV-2 was prevented in pregnant animals 5 months after vaccination. These findings suggest that the implementation of a two-step vaccination in the initial phase of control programmes in addition to test and removal of PI animals in areas with high cattle densities and endemic BVD is practical and efficacious. 相似文献
13.
14.
牛病毒性腹泻／粘膜病O系弱毒冻干苗的试验生产和检验报告 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
１９９２￣１９９４年共试生产牛病毒性腹泻／粘膜病（ＢＶＤ／ＭＤ）Ｏ系细胞培养弱毒冻干苗６０万头份，通过实验室内安全检验、效力检验、无菌检验、水份测定、真空度检验、物理性状检验及在玉树、称多和泽库三个疫病发生严重的县试用，证明《ＢＶＤ／ＭＤＯ系细胞培养弱毒冻干苗制造与检验试行办法》可行，并为制定该苗的制造与检验规程提供了依据。 相似文献
15.
L N Potgieter M D McCracken F M Hopkins J S Guy 《American journal of veterinary research》1985,46(1):151-153
The pneumopathogenicity in calves of 2 strains of bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) virus, isolate 2724 (a noncytopathogenic virus) and isolate 72 (a cytopathogenic virus), was compared. All calves were inoculated endobronchially, using fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Two calves were given Pasteurella haemolytica, 2 calves were given the noncytopathogenic BVD virus, and 2 calves were given cytopathogenic BVD virus. Five calves were inoculated sequentially with BVD virus and, 5 days later, with P haemolytica. Two of these calves were inoculated with the noncytopathogenic BVD virus and the other 3 with the cytopathogenic strain. Both BVD virus strains caused marked respiratory tract disease in the calves sequentially inoculated with P haemolytica and also impaired pulmonary clearance of P haemolytica. However, the effect of the cytopathogenic strain was more severe than the noncytopathogenic strain, indicating that strains of BVD virus may vary in their pneumopathogenicity for calves. 相似文献
16.
ABSTRACTAims: To investigate the seroprevalence of infection with bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) virus among 75 beef herds and seroconversion in cattle during early pregnancy, and to determine the practices and opinions of farmers towards BVD control and their association with real and perceived herd serological status.Methods: Blood samples were collected before mating in 75 beef herds across New Zealand from 15 unvaccinated heifers that had delivered their first calf that season. Serum samples were tested for BVD antibodies using ELISA individually, and after pooling samples for each farm. Animals that were antibody-negative were retested at either pregnancy diagnosis or weaning. Farmers were asked to complete a detailed survey about herd demographics, BVD testing and vaccination practices, and opinions towards national BVD control.Results: Based on the pooled serum antibody ELISA results, there were 28/75 (37%) negative herds, 15/75 (20%) suspect herds, and 32/75 (43%) positive herds. Of 1,117 animals sampled 729 (65.3%) tested negative for BVD virus antibodies; when retested, 47/589 (8.0%) animals from 13/55 (24%) herds had seroconverted. Among 71 famers providing survey responses 11 (15%) believed their herd was infected with BVD, 24 (34%) were unsure and 36 (51%) did not think their herd was infected. Only 19/71 (18%) farmers had performed any BVD testing within the past 5 years and 50/70 (71%) had not vaccinated any cattle for BVD. Support for national BVD eradication programme was strong in 51/71 (56%) respondents, but the biggest challenge to BVD control was considered to be famer compliance. Compared to farmers who did not think their herd was infected, more farmers who thought BVD was present in their herds had previously tested for BVD, would consider testing all replacement calves, and would support establishing a national BVD database; fewer would consider purchasing BVD tested or vaccinated cattle only.Conclusions and clinical relevance: Only 15% of the beef farmers in this study believed their herds were infected with BVD virus and few of them had undertaken BVD screening. Nevertheless many were supportive of implementing a national BVD control programme. It is likely that the lack of farmer awareness around BVD and the failure of farmers to recognise the potential impacts in their herds are hindering progress in controlling the disease in New Zealand. There are opportunities for New Zealand veterinarians to be more proactive in helping beef farmers explore BVD management options. 相似文献
17.
Organs of 100 calves whose clinical symptoms indicated a BVD/MD viral infection have been examined in the laboratory by different methods on BVD/MD virus in order to compare the effectivity of the single test-systems. By inoculation of organ material into tissue culture from foetal calf kidneys and additional staining with swine-fever conjugate in the CCSC-system 59 calves were detected as BVD/MD virus carriers. Taking this result for comparative purposes equal to 100% there could be stated an effectivity of 73% by inoculation of tissue cultures and judging cpe instead of staining with fluorescent antibody as above. Only 34% reactions could be demonstrated by means of heterotypic immunofluorescence in organ tissues. For diagnostic purposes a combination of the easy and quick method of heterotypic immunofluorescence in organ tissues and a cultural virus isolation from organ material with additional immunofluorescence is recommended. 相似文献
18.
van Wuijckhuise L Frankena K van Oijen MA Meijer L 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2001,126(6):173-180
Between 1 May 1998 and 22 February 1999, it was compulsory for Dutch cattle farmers to take measures against bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV1). Cattle on farms that were not certified as infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR)-free had to be vaccinated twice a year. During the vaccination programme, both farmers and veterinarians reported side-effects of the vaccine. These reports were collected by the Stichting IBR/BVD Schade (SIS; Foundation for IBR/BVD Damage) in order to draw up a damage report. In 1999 in total 6977 cattle farmers lodged complaints which they considered to be related to the vaccination against BHV1. On these farms, 15,150 herd vaccinations had been performed, 10,269 of which were associated with one or more symptoms. During the compulsory vaccination period, 13% of the herd vaccinations led to symptoms and complaints. In March 1999, a number of vaccine batches were found to be contaminated with bovine virus diarrhoea (BVD) virus. For the purposes of this analysis, a 'known contaminated' herd vaccination was defined as one in which at least one 'known contaminated' batch or lot of vaccine was used. In total, 987 of 1007 herds vaccinated with 'known contaminated' vaccines developed one or more symptoms compatible with acute BVD. There were no commonly seen combinations of symptoms. For this reason, and because the start and end dates were not reported for 55% of the symptoms, it was not possible to detect a symptom pattern. Therefore there were no 'suspect' batches of vaccine which, although not contaminated with BVD virus, gave rise to symptoms. The number of BVD symptoms was determined for those herds with vaccination-related symptoms. There was no difference in the distribution frequency between batch numbers or between 'known contaminated' batches and 'non-suspect' batches. The farmers' definition of chronic wasting was used in this investigation, with the inevitable large differences in definition. The symptom chronic 'wasting' was reported for 3209 of the 10,269 herds with vaccination-related symptoms. On 161 farms (164 herd vaccinations) 'chronic wasting' accounted for more than 20% of the symptoms. As expected, other symptoms were reported in addition to wasting. The symptom 'chronic wasting' was reported more often on forms where a 'known contaminated' vaccine was used. Inactivated vaccine was used for 154 herd vaccinations. In 34 cases, one or more symptoms of acute BVD were reported. The frequency was the same as that for live vaccines. The frequency of reported symptoms tended to be lower with the inactivated vaccine. On the basis of the SIS data, no relationship was found between vaccine batch and reported symptoms. This may be because (i) the classification of a vaccine as 'known contaminated', 'non-suspect', and 'not known' may not have been in keeping with the real status of the vaccine, (ii) farmers may have reported symptoms selectively, and (iii) there is no relationship with vaccination against BHV1. 相似文献
19.
Njiro SM Kidanemariam AG Tsotetsi AM Katsande TC Mnisi M Lubisi BA Potts AD Baloyi F Moyo G Mpofu J Kalake A Williams R 《Journal of the South African Veterinary Association》2011,82(4):213-218
Two hundred and thirty-nine cattle from Gauteng Province in South Africa were tested for various pathogens causing reproductive diseases includingbovine viral diarrhoea/mucosal disease (BVD/MD) virus, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis/infectious pustular vulvovaginitis (IBR/IPV) virus, Neospora caninum and Brucella abortus usingvarious tests. For BVD/MD virus, 49.37% tested positive, 74.47% for IBR/IPV virus, 8.96% for Neospora caninum and 3.8% for Brucella abortus. The result for Brucella abortus is higher than the national average, possibly due to the small sample size. A high seroprevalence of antibodies to both BVD/MD virus and IBR/IPV virus was evident. These 2 viruses should be considered, in addition to Brucella abortus, when trying to establish causes of abortion in cattle. The clinical significance of Neospora caninum as a cause of abortion in Gauteng needs further investigation. One hundred and forty-three bulls were tested for Campylobacter fetus and Trichomonas fetus, and a low prevalence of 1.4% and 2.1% respectively was found in this study. The clinical implications of these findings are discussed. 相似文献