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1.
某定点肉牛屠宰场中非O157致病性STEC的分离鉴定   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  
为了了解新疆伊犁地区肉牛屠宰过程中大肠杆菌的污染情况,检测非O157致病性产志贺毒素大肠杆菌(Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli,STEC)的感染情况,本试验采集新疆伊犁地区某定点肉牛屠宰场中屠宰肉牛的粪样和屠宰后的胴体表面拭子,并对样品进行了大肠杆菌的分离鉴定、毒力基因(eae、stx1、stx2)的PCR检测、O157鉴定(rfbE)、ERIC-PCR基因分型和小鼠致病性试验。结果显示,在采集的45份样品中分离鉴定出42株大肠杆菌,分离率为93.3%。其中2株菌株同时编码了毒力基因stx1和stx2,检出率为4.8%,毒力基因eae未被检出。PCR鉴定均为非O157STEC。ERIC-PCR基因分型检测发现,2株菌的基因型非常相似,同源关系密切。对小鼠进行腹腔注射攻毒,攻菌6h后,小鼠开始出现死亡,立即解剖死亡小鼠发现,其肠道出血,肝脏、脾脏、肾脏明显出血肿大,解剖对照小鼠表现正常,表明菌株具有一定的致病性。综上所述,在肉牛屠宰过程中存在大肠杆菌污染,其中粪便中非O157STEC菌株对胴体造成了污染,需要加强控制肉牛的屠宰加工关键环节的环境卫生。  相似文献   

2.
为了了解新疆伊犁地区肉牛屠宰过程中大肠杆菌的污染情况，检测非O157致病性产志贺毒素大肠杆菌（Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli，STEC）的感染情况，本试验采集新疆伊犁地区某定点肉牛屠宰场中屠宰肉牛的粪样和屠宰后的胴体表面拭子，并对样品进行了大肠杆菌的分离鉴定、毒力基因（eae、stx1、stx2）的PCR检测、O157鉴定（rfbE）、ERIC-PCR基因分型和小鼠致病性试验。结果显示，在采集的45份样品中分离鉴定出42株大肠杆菌，分离率为93.3%。其中2株菌株同时编码了毒力基因stx1和stx2，检出率为4.8%，毒力基因eae未被检出。PCR鉴定均为非O157 STEC。ERIC-PCR基因分型检测发现，2株菌的基因型非常相似，同源关系密切。对小鼠进行腹腔注射攻毒，攻菌6 h后，小鼠开始出现死亡，立即解剖死亡小鼠发现，其肠道出血，肝脏、脾脏、肾脏明显出血肿大，解剖对照小鼠表现正常，表明菌株具有一定的致病性。综上所述，在肉牛屠宰过程中存在大肠杆菌污染，其中粪便中非O157 STEC菌株对胴体造成了污染，需要加强控制肉牛的屠宰加工关键环节的环境卫生。  相似文献   

3.
试验对7日龄、14日龄腹泻羔羊粪便进行选择性增菌,用PCR扩增方法进行初步筛选,多重PCR方法进行毒力基因(stx1、stx2、eae、hlyA)检测。结果表明:腹泻羔羊粪便大肠菌株阳性率88.90%,stx1、stx2、hlyA相关编码毒力基因12株。其中编码毒力基因stx2和stx2+hlyA各3株,编码毒力基因stx1、stx1+stx2、stx1+hlyA各2株。此外,7日龄腹泻羔羊大肠菌株编码毒力基因stx1、stx2和stx1+hlyA各1株,14日龄腹泻羔羊大肠菌株编码毒力基因stx2+hlyA阳性率13.04%,其次stx2、stx1+stx2编码毒力基因阳性率为8.70%。  相似文献   

4.
《畜牧与兽医》2016,(10):13-21
根据Gen Bank公布的大肠杆菌O157:H7的菌体抗原基因rfb E、鞭毛抗原基因fli C、溶血素基因hly A、紧密黏附素基因eae A和志贺样毒素基因stx1和stx2的序列,同源性比较后选择保守序列分别设计6对特异性的引物及相应的Taqman探针,rfb E/eae A、Stx1/hly A、fli C/Stx2探针5'端分别标记为FAM、HEX、CY5荧光报告基团,3'端均标记为BHQ1荧光淬灭基团。通过优化反应体系和程序,建立2个能够快速、特异性地检测大肠杆菌O157:H7及其4个主要毒力基因的三重荧光定量PCR方法。结果显示,该方法灵敏度高,stx1、rfb E、fli C、eae A、hly A、stx2的最低检测限分别为20、30、20、20、30和40拷贝数/μL;特异性试验证明,该菌与其他菌种无交叉反应;重复性好,变异系数均小于2%;检测过程耗时约1 h。将建立的荧光定量PCR体系应用到人工染菌模拟猪肉样品试验中,未富集或富集8 h后测得大肠杆菌O157:H7的最低检出限分别为200 cfu/m L与1 cfu/m L。以上结果表明,本试验所建立的三重荧光定量PCR方法的敏感性、重复性及特异性均较好,可作为同时快速检测肠出血性大肠杆菌O157:H7及其毒力基因的方法。  相似文献   

5.
通过粘膜免疫途径对基因工程菌EHEC O157Δler/stx（pBR322：：stx1/2B：：eae）进行小鼠免疫保护作用实验研究。结果表明,用EHEC O157Δler/stx（pBR322：：stx1/2B：：eae）灌胃免疫小鼠能够诱导小鼠产生抗EHEC O157特异性免疫应答,两次免疫后7d,免疫组血清IgG抗体显著高于对照组,14 d检测IgG抗体达到最高峰,粪便中检测到高水平的抗EHEC O157特异性IgA抗体,表明该工程菌可以诱导肠道粘膜免疫应答和系统免疫应答。EHEC O157强毒株经胃肠道途径攻毒后,一次免疫组和两次免疫组小鼠存活率（67%和78%）均高于未免疫组（50%）;免疫小鼠强毒菌排菌时间大大缩短,两次免疫组攻毒后第5 d检测不到强毒菌,未免疫组排菌达10 d以上;攻毒后免疫组小鼠体重较快恢复正常水平。  相似文献   

6.
在上海某猪场采集6份腹泻猪粪便样品和2份病死猪小肠内容物样品,增菌后经麦康凯培养基和伊红美兰培养基分离得到32株疑似大肠杆菌,通过PCR方法分析O157特异基因rfbE和血清学鉴定,分离获得一株肠出血性大肠杆菌O157：H7。PCR检测该菌株的毒力因子携带情况,结果表明其只携带志贺毒素Ⅱ,而不携带志贺毒素I、紧密素和溶血素等毒力因子;生化试验发现该菌株与大多数O157：H7特性不同,可分解山梨醇;毒力试验和耐药性试验表明该菌株毒性较强,且耐药性很强,对大多数抗生素不敏感。  相似文献   

7.
为了获得安全性好,对出血性大肠杆菌具有良好免疫保护作用的疫苗株,本实验以构建的O157△ler/stx基因缺失突变株为载体,将决定特异性粘附的eae全基因插入到质粒pBR322∷stx1/2B中,构建了基因工程菌O157△ler/stx(pBR322∷stx1/2B∷eae),对该基因工程菌进行生物学特性分析,实验结果表明,该菌正常培养可表达eae;具有粘附HEp-2细胞的特性;该菌培养上清对Vero细胞没有毒性作用;给小鼠口服接种该工程菌后可在肠道中定居至少10 d;14日龄小鼠口服活菌量为5×109CFU/只,小鼠生长正常,没有出现任何临床症状;该菌通过口服免疫小鼠可以诱导肠道粘膜免疫应答和体液免疫应答.这些结果表明,该工程菌安全性好,免疫原性强,是有价值的预防EHEC O157感染的基因工程疫苗候选株.  相似文献   

8.
为了获得安全性好,对出血性大肠杆菌具有良好免疫保护作用的疫苗株,本实验以构建的O157△ler/stx基因缺失突变株为载体,将决定特异性粘附的eae全基因插入到质粒pBR322∷stx1/2B中,构建了基因工程菌O157△ler/stx(pBR322∷stx1/2B∷eae),对该基因工程菌进行生物学特性分析,实验结果表明,该菌正常培养可表达eae;具有粘附HEp-2细胞的特性;该菌培养上清对Vero细胞没有毒性作用;给小鼠口服接种该工程菌后可在肠道中定居至少10 d;14日龄小鼠口服活菌量为5×109CFU/只,小鼠生长正常,没有出现任何临床症状;该菌通过口服免疫小鼠可以诱导肠道粘膜免疫应答和体液免疫应答.这些结果表明,该工程菌安全性好,免疫原性强,是有价值的预防EHEC O157感染的基因工程疫苗候选株.  相似文献   

9.
为了获得安全性好,对出血性大肠杆菌具有良好免疫保护作用的疫苗株,本实验以构建的O157Δler/stx基因缺失突变株为载体,将决定特异性粘附的cae全基因插入到质粒pBR322：：stx1/2B中,构建了基因工程茵O157Δler/stx(pBR322：：stx1/2B：：eae),对该基因工程菌进行生物学特性分析,实验结果表明,该菌正常培养可表达eae；具有粘附HEp-2细胞的特性；该菌培养上清对Vero细胞没有毒性作用；给小鼠口服接种该工程菌后可在肠道中定居至少10d；14日龄小鼠口服活菌量为5×10~9CFU/只,小鼠生长正常,没有出现任何临床症状；该菌通过口服免疫小鼠可以诱导肠道粘膜免疫应答和体液免疫应答。这些结果表明,该工程菌安全性好,免疫原性强,是有价值的预防EHEC O157感染的基因工程疫苗候选株。  相似文献   

10.
《畜牧与兽医》2016,(5):1-6
收集江苏地区养殖场及农贸市场动物粪便及食品样品700份,经显色培养基筛选、PCR鉴定大肠杆菌O157,并分析其进化分群、毒力基因、生物被膜形成能力、耐药性和耐药基因,了解O157污染情况。分离得到16株大肠杆菌O157,在粪便和食品中的分离率分别为2.6%(13/500)和1.5%(3/200),进化分群显示D群占68.75%(11/16)为优势分群,68.75%(11/16)分离株能形成生物被膜。毒力基因stx1、stx2、hly A、eae的分布率分别为25%、37.5%、68.75%、63.16%。综合分析显示,不同来源菌株进化分群及毒力基因型相似。分离株的耐药率在56%以上,且至少同时耐受7种药物;耐药基因tet A、TEM、floR、cml A、aph3、aad A1、aad A2检测率50%~63%,其他耐药基因检测率小于30%。本研究表明动物粪便作为大肠杆菌O157的贮库,可能由养殖场感染动物并污染食品,威胁人类健康。  相似文献   

11.
The virulence properties of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains isolated from diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic calves were compared. The strains were also tested for O157:H7, O111 and O26 serotypes, using PCR and conventional serotyping methods. E coli strains isolated from 297 faecal samples, from 200 diarrhoeic and 97 non-diarrhoeic calves, were screened by multiplex PCR assay for the stx1, stx2, eae and Ehly virulence genes. STECs were recovered from 8 per cent of diarrhoeic calves and 10.3 per cent of non-diarrhoeic calves. The predominant virulence gene profile was stx1/eae/Ehly (47.3 per cent) among isolates from diarrhoeic calves and eae/Ehly (36.8 per cent) among isolates from non-diarrhoeic calves. Among three tested serogroups, the predominant serogroup was O26 (18.4 per cent), and O157:H7 was not detected. Intimin subtyping by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis revealed only three intimin subtypes (β, γ and ). A significant difference was observed in the distribution of Int- between two groups. Int- was present in 50 per cent of the isolates from diarrhoeic calves and in 11.1 per cent of the isolates from non-diarrhoeic calves; this difference was statistically significant (P=0.01).  相似文献   

12.
One hundred and ten clinical Escherichia coli isolates of serovar O157 (n = 102) and O26 (n = 8) were characterized for the presence of putative virulence genes by PCR. All but one of these isolates contained the eae gene. The EHEC-hly gene could be detected in all E. coli O157 and in 50% of E. coli O26 isolates. Forty-five (40.9%) of the 110 E. coli were positive for both stx(1) and stx(2) genes, 2 (1.8%) isolates were positive for stx(1) and 57 isolates (51.8%) were positive for stx(2) only. Among the 102 stx(2) positive isolates, 14 (13.7%) E. coli O157 contained also the stx(2c) variant gene. No other stx(2) variant was identified. Six clinical isolates (five E. coli O157:H7 and one E. coli O26) did not contain stx genes. Ten non-pathogenic E. coli isolates which were amplified as controls didn't contain any stx and eae gene but two of the ten strains contained the EHEC-hly gene. By their growth on chromogenic media, all but two of 50 E. coli O157 could be differentiated from eight E. coli O26 and 10 non-pathogenic E. coli. Sixty-one of the O157:H7 isolates were further subjected to pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) which identified 49 distinguishable patterns. In five cases where contact infection among family members was suspected, indistinguishable PFGE patterns confirmed the epidemiological relatedness of the isolates. Moreover, two PFGE clusters were identified which comprised five and three strains, respectively. These findings indicate the occurrence of both family and diffuse outbreaks of E. coli O157 infections in Austria during recent years and demonstrate the need for molecular subtyping of these pathogens.  相似文献   

13.
In order to determine the occurrence, serotypes and virulence markers of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains, 153 fecal samples of cattle randomly selected from six dairy farms in Sao Paulo State, Brazil, were examined for Shiga toxin (Stx) production by the Vero cell assay. Feces were directly streaked onto MacConkey Sorbitol Agar and incubated at 37 degrees C overnight. Sorbitol-negative colonies (maximum 20) and up to 10 sorbitol-positive colonies from each plate were subcultured onto presumptive diagnostic medium IAL. Sorbitol-negative isolates were screened with O157 antiserum for identification of O157:H7 E. coli. Isolates presenting cytotoxic activity were submitted to colony hybridization assays with specific DNA probes for stx1, stx2, eae, Ehly and astA genes. The isolation rate of STEC ranged from 3.8 to 84.6% depending on the farm analysed. STEC was identified in 25.5% of the animals, and most of them (64.1%) carried a single STEC serotype. A total of 202 STEC isolates were recovered from the animals, and except for the 2 O157:H7 isolates all the others expressed cytotoxic activity. The great majority of the STEC isolates carried both stx1 and stx2 genes (114/202, 56.4%) or stx2 (82/202, 40.6%); and whereas the Ehly sequence occurred in most of them (88%) eae was only observed in O157:H7 and O111:HNM isolates. Serotypes O113:H21, O178:H19 and O79:H14 were the most frequent STEC serotypes identified and widely distributed among animals from different farms, while others such as O77:H18, O88:H25 and O98:H17 occurred only in particular farms. This is the first report on the occurrence of STEC in dairy cattle in Sao Paulo State, and the results point to substantial differences in rate of isolation, serotypes and genetic profile of STEC that has been previously described among beef cattle in our community. Moreover, to our knowledge O79:H14 and O98:H17 represent new STEC serotypes, while O178:H19 has only been recently reported in Spain.  相似文献   

14.
PROBLEM ADDRESSED: Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), have emerged as food poisoning pathogens which can cause severe diseases in humans. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determinate the serotypes and virulence genes of STEC strains isolated from sheep in Spain, with the purpose of determining whether sheep represent a potential source of STEC pathogenic for humans. METHODS AND APPROACH: Faecal swabs obtained from 697 healthy lambs on 35 flocks in Spain during the years 2000 and 2001 were examined for STEC using phenotypic (Vero cells) and genotypic (PCR) methods. RESULTS: STEC O157:H7 strains were isolated from seven (1%) animals in six flocks, whereas non-O157 STEC strains were isolated from 246 (35%) lambs in 33 flocks. A total of 253 ovine STEC strains were identified in this study. PCR showed that 110 (43%) strains carried stx(1) genes, 10 (4%) possessed stx(2) genes and 133 (53%) both stx(1) and stx(2). Enterohaemolysin (ehxA) and intimin (eae) virulence genes were detected in 120 (47%) and in 9 (4%) of the STEC strains. STEC strains belonged to 22 O serogroups and 44 O:H serotypes. However, 70% were of one of these six serogroups (O6, O91, O117, O128, O146, O166) and 71% belonged to only nine serotypes (O6:H10, O76:H19, O91:H-, O117:H-, O128:H-, O128:H2, O146:H21, O157:H7, O166:H28). A total of 10 new O:H serotypes not previously reported in STEC strains were found in this study. Seven strains of serotype O157:H7 possessed intimin type gamma1, and two strains of serotype O156:H- had the new intimin zeta. STEC O157:H7 strains were phage types 54 (four strains), 34 (two strains) and 14 (one strain). CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms that healthy sheep are a major reservoir of STEC pathogenic for humans. However, because the eae gene is present only in a very small proportion of ovine non-O157 STEC, most ovine strains may be less pathogenic.  相似文献   

15.
A multiplex real-time PCR (R-PCR) assay was designed and evaluated on the ABI 7700 sequence detection system (TaqMan) to detect enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 in pure cultures, feces, and tissues. Three sets of primers and fluorogenic probes were used for amplification and real-time detection of a 106-bp region of the eae gene encoding EHEC O157:H7-specific intimin, and 150-bp and 200-bp segments of genes stx1 and stx2 encoding Shiga toxins 1 and 2, respectively. Analysis of 67 bacterial strains demonstrated that the R-PCR assay successfully distinguished EHEC O157:H7 serotype from non-O157 serotypes and provided accurate profiling of genes encoding intimin and Shiga toxins. Bacterial strains lacking these genes were not detected with this assay. The detection range of the R-PCR assay for the three genes was linear over DNA concentrations corresponding from 10(3) to 10(8)CFU/ml of EHEC O157:H7. The R-PCR allowed construction of standard curves that facilitated quantification of EHEC O157:H7 in feces and intestinal tissues. Detection sensitivity of the R-PCR assay ranged from 10(4) to 10(8)CFU/g of feces or tissues without enrichment. Enrichment of feces in a non-selective broth for 4 and 16h resulted in the detection of levels (from 10(0) to 10(3)CFU/g of feces) considered sufficient for infection in humans. The R-PCR assay for eae(O157:H7), stx1, and stx2 proved to be a rapid test for detection of EHEC O157:H7 in complex biological matrices and could also potentially be used for quantification of EHEC O157:H7 in foods or fecal samples.  相似文献   

16.
The study attempted to investigate the occurrence of non-O157 E. coli serogroups O26, O103, O111 and O145 in cattle at slaughter and to determine the virulence potential of these isolates. A total of 399 fecal samples were analyzed by selective plating and E. coli isolates were characterized by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the genes vtx1, vtx2, eae and EHEC hlyA. Immunomagnetic separation (IMS) is required to increase the efficiency of the isolation procedure. E. coli O26, O103, O111 and O145 were recovered from 24 (6%) fecal samples. E. coli O26 and O103 seemed to be more abundant in slaughter cattle than E. coli O111 and O145. Sixteen out of the 24 isolates harbored vtx genes. All vtx-positive isolates harbored one or more additional virulence factors. Six out of the 8 vtx-negative isolates harbored eae and/or EHEC hlyA, whereas 2 strains harbored none of the tested virulence genes.  相似文献   

17.
Three-hundred and forty-five herds (17 swine, 122 dairy sheep, 124 beef and 82 dairy cattle) were investigated for prevalence of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC). Rectal faecal samples were selectively enriched and then examined by immunodetection techniques (Immunomagnetic Separation with anti-E. coli O157 Dynabeads, ImmunoMagnetic cell Separation (IMS) and automated enzyme-linked fluorescent immunoassay using VIDAS) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (rfbE and fliC genes) to assess the prevalence of E. coli O157:H7. Prevalence of non-O157 STEC was estimated by PCR screening for stx genes of 10 lactose-positive colonies grown on MacConkey agar after enrichment. PCR was used on all STEC isolates to detect stx(1), stx(2), eaeA and E-hlyA genes. Both immunodetection methods showed a moderate-good level of agreement (kappa = 0.649) but IMS showed 87.5% complementary sensitivity. Prevalence of positive herds for E. coli O157:H7 was estimated at 8.7% for sheep and 3.8% for cattle, whereas all the porcine herds tested negative. Non-O157 STEC were also absent from swine, but were isolated more frequently from ovine (50.8%) than bovine herds (35.9%). Within-herd prevalences of excretion of E. coli O157:H7 established by individual testing of 279 sheep (six herds) and 30 beef cattle (one herd) were 7.3% and 6.7% respectively. PCR analysis of 49 E. coli O157:H7 and 209 non-O157 isolates showed a different distribution of virulence genes. All E. coli O157:H7 were stx(2) gene-positive, eaeA was detected in 95.9%, and the toxigenic profile stx(2)/eaeA/E-hlyA was present in 75.5% of the isolates. Among the non-O157 STEC, prevalence of eaeA was significantly lower (5.3%) and E-hlyA was present in 50.2% of the isolates but only sporadically associated with eaeA. stx(2) was predominant in non-O157 isolates from cattle, whereas in sheep the combination stx(1)/stx(2) was more prevalent. This study demonstrated the wide distribution of STEC in ruminant herds, which represent an important reservoir for strains that pose a potential risk for human infections.  相似文献   

18.
This study was conducted to investigate the presence of Escherichia (E.) coli O157 and E. coli O157:H7 and stx1 and stx2 genes on cattle carcasses and in rectal samples collected from Samsun Province of Turkey. A total of 200 samples collected from cattle carcasses and the rectal contents of 100 slaughtered cattle from two commercial abattoirs were tested using the immunomagnetic separation technique and multiplex PCR methods. E. coli O157 and E. coli O157:H7 were detected in 52 of the 200 samples (26%) tested. Of the positive samples, 49 were E. coli O157 and three were E. coli O157:H7. The E. coli O157 strain was isolated from 24 carcasses and 25 rectal samples, while E. coli O157:H7 was isolated from two carcasses and one rectal sample. Of the 49 samples positive for E. coli O157, 32 were from the rectal and carcass samples of the same animal, while two E. coli O157:H7 isolates were obtained from rectal swabs and carcasses of the same animal. The stx1 and stx2 genes were both detected in 35 E. coli O157 isolates and one E. coli O157:H7 isolate, but the stx2 gene was only detected alone in two E. coli O157 isolates. Overall, 16 carcasses tested positive for E. coli O157 and one carcass tested positive for E. coli O157:H7 based on both carcass and rectal samples. Overall, the results of this study indicate that cattle carcasses pose a potential risk to human health due to contamination by E. coli O157 and E. coli O157:H7 in the feces.  相似文献   

19.
Some Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains (STEC), and in particular E. coli O157:H7, are known to cause severe illness in humans. STEC have been responsible for large foodborne outbreaks and some of these have been linked to dairy products. The aim of the present study was to determine the dissemination and persistence of STEC on 13 dairy farms in France, which were selected out of 151 randomized dairy farms. A total of 1309 samples were collected, including 415 faecal samples from cattle and 894 samples from the farm environment. Bacteria from samples were cultured and screened for Shiga toxin (stx) genes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). STEC isolates were recovered from stx-positive samples after colony blotting, and characterized for their virulence genes, serotypes and XbaI digestion patterns of total DNA separated by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Stx genes were detected in 145 faecal samples (35%) and 179 (20%) environmental samples, and a total of 118 STEC isolates were recovered. Forty-six percent of the STEC isolates were positive for stx1, 86% for stx2, 29% for intimin (eae-gene) and 92% for enterohemolysin (ehx), of which 16% of the STEC strains carried these four virulence factors in combination. Furthermore, we found that some faecal STEC strains belonged to serotypes involved in human disease (O26:H11 and O157:H7). PFGE profiles indicated genetic diversity of the STEC strains and some of these persisted in the farm environment for up to 12 months. A large range of contaminated samples were collected, in particular from udders and teats. These organs are potential sources for contamination and re-contamination of dairy cattle and constitute an important risk for milk contamination.  相似文献   

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