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1.
台湾次睾吸虫生活史的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
报告了台湾次睾吸虫（Ｍｅｔｏｒｃｈｉｓｔａｉｗａｎｅｎｓｉｓ）在第一中间宿主（赤豆螺）及第二中间宿主（鱼类）体内的发育过程。在水温１７～２３℃，赤豆螺（Ｂｉｔｈｙｎｉａｆｕｃｈｓｉａｎｕｓ）食入台湾次睾吸虫虫卵后经８０ｄ成熟尾蚴开始从螺体内逸出；尾蚴钻入鱼体内形成囊蚴并发育３５ｄ才具有感染力；鸭吞食成熟囊蚴后经１６ｄ虫体发育成熟。人工实验感染证实，鲤鱼、中华鱼旁鱼皮、青鱼将、子陵栉虾虎鱼、黄鳝、泥鳅及日本林蛙、美国青蛙与大蟾蜍中华亚种的蝌蚪亦可充当台湾次睾吸虫的第二中间宿主。 相似文献
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水禽旱养有利于控制蠕虫病 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对于鸭来说,不少内寄生虫,尤其是吸虫,需要以一种甚至两种水生小动物作为它们的“中间宿主”,在“中间宿主”内完成其幼虫发育阶段后,才能进到作为“终末宿主”的鸭体内寄生,这些是属“间接发育型”生活史的寄生虫,如嗜眼吸虫、前殖吸虫、卷棘口吸 相似文献
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杯尾吸虫属于鸮形科,为水禽(如鸭、鹅)肠道常见蠕虫,普遍分布于我国南方。1985年陈翠娥氏首次报道人体寄生此虫而致病1例,从粪中检获成虫1条,并在患者肝囊肿坏死物及心包膜查出虫卵。表明此吸虫为人禽共患病之病原体。据文献记载,杯尾吸虫第一中间宿主为椎实螺,本文调查首次发现扁卷螺之体内有杯尾吸虫幼虫寄生。 相似文献
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《畜牧与兽医》2016,(6):6-9
为了找到青海地区肝片吸虫(Fasciola hepatica)的主要中间宿主,并对椎实螺(Lymnaeidae snails)体内的蚴虫进行虫种鉴定。对青海部分地区的椎实螺进行压片镜检,结果发现椭圆萝卜螺(Radix swinhoei)内无肝片吸虫蚴虫感染。狭萝卜螺(Radix lagotis)体内发现雷蚴,雷蚴为肝片吸虫的蚴虫,但是感染率较低为10%。青海萝卜螺(Radix cucnnorica)体内发现了雷蚴和尾蚴,并在养殖青海萝卜螺的水中青菜叶子上收集到囊蚴,经初步鉴定均为肝片吸虫的蚴虫,感染率较高为41.89%。主要中间宿主螺为青海萝卜螺。提取蚴虫体内DNA,通过PCR扩增18S rRNA片段并测序。将测序用DNAMAN软件进行比对后发现,与Gen Bank中发布的大片吸虫(Fasciola gigantica)和肝片吸虫的18S rRNA的序列进行比对其相似度分别为99.12%和92.03%。可以进一步确定所收集的蚴虫为肝片吸虫的蚴虫。 相似文献
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１９９５年剖检２１只鸭，发现鸭对体吸虫（Ａｍｐｈｉｍｅｒｕｓａｎａｔｉｓ），纤细膜壳绦虫（Ｈｙｍｅｎｏｌｅｐｉｓｇｒａｃｉｌｉｓ）八钩膜壳绦虫（Ｈ．ａｃｔｏｃａｎｔｈａ），冠状双盔带绦虫（Ｄｉｃｒａｎｏｔａｅｎｉａｃｏｒｎｕｌａ）内翻双盔带绦虫（Ｄ．ｉｎｔｒｏｖｅｒｓａ）和鸡异刺线虫（Ｈｅｔｅｒａｋｉｓｇａｌｉｎａｒｕｍ）等６种蠕虫，隶属３纲３种４属，其中鸭对体吸虫，八钩膜壳绦虫和冠状双盔带绦虫为 相似文献
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本试验旨在培育大片形吸虫囊蚴,着重研究大片形吸虫在中间宿主体内的发育过程和临床病理变化.人工培养和孵化大片形吸虫虫卵,用孵化出来的大片形吸虫毛蚴感染中间宿主小土蜗螺,收集大片形吸虫囊蚴,再用囊蚴感染试验小鼠.结果显示,囊蚴经口感染试验小鼠后1周即可在肝脏找到虫体,幼虫可在小鼠体内发育生存7～8周,随着时间的推移和感染囊蚴数量不同,可给小鼠肝脏造成不同程度的病变,甚至造成死亡.剖检小鼠可见肝脏质地脆,颜色发黄,脾脏肿大等严重病理变化.因此,可利用小鼠作为大片形吸虫幼虫感染的试验动物,进行片形吸虫病的早期诊断、免疫预防和治疗等方面的研究. 相似文献
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1生活史肝片吸虫与大片吸虫的生活史相似。在发育过程中,都需要通过中间宿主椎实螺。成虫阶段寄生在绵羊和山羊的肝脏胆管中。虫卵随粪便排到宿主体外,在温度为15~30℃,而且水分、光线和酸碱度均适宜时,经过10~25天孵化为毛蚴。毛蚴周身有纤毛,能借着纤毛在水中迅速游动。当遇到椎实螺时,即钻 相似文献
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试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。 相似文献
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Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections
of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal
(GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April
2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs
located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming
areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology
laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum
columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying
degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal
abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy
season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different
nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those
observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes.
But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the
results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
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B. Cinar Kul N. Bilgen J.A. Lenstra O. Korkmaz Agaoglu B. Akyuz O. Ertugrul 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2015,132(6):449-453
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded. 相似文献
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Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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Ling GV Thurmond MC Choi YK Franti CE Ruby AL Johnson DL 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):817-823
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors. 相似文献
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<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems. 相似文献
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Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献