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鸡呼吸道病是一系列复杂因素对机体综合作用的结果，引起此类疾病的主要病原体包括新城疫病毒、禽流感病毒、传染性支气管炎病毒、传染性喉气管炎病毒、禽肺病毒、鸡毒支原体、大肠杆菌及巴氏杆菌等。随着养禽业集约化程度的不断提高，鸡呼吸系统疾病的发病率呈逐年上升趋势，而且大多数病例常是由多种病原混合感染或因免疫抑制而发生继发感染， 相似文献
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鸡传染性支气管炎的诊断及防治 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
鸡传染性支气管炎（IB）是由禽传染性支气管炎病毒（IBV）引起的一种急性、高度接触性呼吸道疾病。它主要侵害鸡的呼吸系统、泌尿生殖系统和消化系统。因病原系多血清型，而使免疫接种复杂化，感染鸡生长受阻，耗料增加，产蛋量和蛋质下降，死亡率和淘汰率增加，该病目前已成为危害我国养禽业的主要疫病之一。 相似文献
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呼吸道疾病目前算是中国猪场中的第一顽疾了。广大养殖业主都是深受其害、苦不堪言。呼吸道疾病的季节性和个体差异也逐渐淡化了,一年四季都在发生而且是全群发病。很多业主无奈的宣称呼吸道疾病是不能治好的。猪群出现呼吸道症状其实就是环境不舒适的标志。经研究证明多种病原间相互作用,往往有一种或一种以上病原为钥匙病原,率先通过降低宿主局部或全身的防御机制而使其它病原相继侵袭感染。如猪肺炎支原体（MH）、猪繁殖与呼吸系统障碍综合症（蓝耳病,PRR．S）、猪的二型圆环病毒（PCVⅡ）被认为是猪呼吸系统疾病的三大“元凶”。 相似文献
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随着养禽业的快速发展、集约化程度的不断提高,禽病的疫情也越来越复杂,并发或继发多种疾病的情况日益增多,因此近几年来出现了呼吸道综合征的术语。所谓鸡呼吸道综合征是指由支原体、大肠杆菌、新城疫病毒、冠状病毒、传染性支气管炎病毒、传染性喉气管炎病毒、流感病毒等传染性因素和营养缺乏、饲养管理不良等诸多种因素共同作用引发的鸡呼吸道病的总称。 相似文献
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鸡传染性支气管炎(Avian Infectious Bronchitis,IB)是由鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(Infectious Bronchi-tis Virus,IBV)引起的一种急性、高度接触传染性呼吸道疾病。该病给养禽业造成了巨大的经济损失,使感染的肉鸡被淘汰,产蛋鸡产量下降。该病在流行病学、临床症状、病理变化等方面与新城疫等禽病存在着一些相似的地方,有时会给临床诊断带来了一定的困难。目前使用传统方法(如病原分离及血清学方法)进行实验室诊断不仅耗时 相似文献
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采用蔗糖密度梯度离心,纯化浓缩犬冠状病毒(CCV)、猫冠状病毒(FCV)、猫传染性腹膜炎病毒(FIPV)、猪传染性胃肠炎病毒(TGEV)、猪呼吸道冠状病毒(PRCV)的细胞培养物,分别设计7,17,11,10和4对引物,构建了49个基因片段的克隆。煮沸裂解法制备质粒DNA,回收PCR扩增产物,点制冠状病毒基因芯片。抽提病毒总RNA,利用Cy3-dCTP随机渗入反转录PCR标记,与芯片进行杂交检测,淘汰交叉的克隆片段。结果表明:克隆CCV1,CCV2,CCV5和CCV7可特异诊断CCV,克隆FCV6,FCV7,FCV8和FCV9可特异诊断FCV,克隆FIPV2,FIPV7,FIPV8和FIPV9可特异诊断FIPV,克隆PRCV1,PRCV2和PRCV3可特异诊断PRCV,克隆TGEV3,TGEV4,TGEV5和TGEV6可特异诊断TGEV。将这些特异克隆扩增片段重新点制基因芯片,与病毒PCR产物杂交,未发现交叉现象。基因芯片检测比传统PCR敏感1000倍,可有效应用于这5种动物冠状病毒的检测与区分。 相似文献
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为建立运用多重PCR和基因芯片技术同时检测5种猪繁殖障碍性病毒病的方法。本研究根据GenBank中登录的猪瘟病毒(CSFV)、猪细小病毒(PPV)、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)、猪日本乙型脑炎病毒(JEV)及猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)的基因序列设计特异性引物与探针,制备相应的寡核苷酸芯片,检测了5种猪繁殖障碍性疾病病毒的标准毒株,并对16份临床样品进行检测。通过多重PCR扩增出带有荧光标记的5种病毒的特异性基因片段,并与固定有特异性探针的基因芯片杂交。结果显示,本研究建立的多重PCR结合基因芯片检测方法特异性强、稳定性好,灵敏度可达10~2拷贝/μL。16份临床样品检测结果显示阳性率达87.5%(14/16)。以上结果表明该方法特异性好、灵敏度高,可高效检测以上5种病毒,为其临床诊断及流行病学调查提供了有效的检测方法。 相似文献
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Baskerville A 《New Zealand veterinary journal》1981,29(12):235-238
Related to its potential vulnerability the respiratory tract has a very complex and effective defence apparatus. The interaction between these defence mechanisms and certain characteristics of aetiological agents results in a pattern in which initial infections by these agents tend to occur at specific sites in the tract. Infections in which the primary portal of entry is in the upper respiratory tract include Bordetella bronchiseptica and Haemophilus spp in pigs; Pasteurella spp in cattle, sheep, pigs; Mycoplasma spp in cattle, sheep, pigs and poultry; equine herpesvirus 1 in horses; infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in cattle; parainfluenza 3 in cattle and sheep; infectious laryngo-tracheitis and infectious bronchitis in poultry; feline viral rhinotracheitis and calicivirus in cats; Aujeszky's disease virus and swine influenza in pigs; and equine influenza in horses. Infections in which the primary portal of entry is in the lower respiratory tract include Aspergillus fumigatus in poultry and mammals, respiratory syncytial virus in cattle, distemper virus in dogs and adenovirus in cattle and dogs. A fuller understanding of the interactions between an agent and the host at the point of entry would make it much easier to develop effective vaccines and therapeutic agents. 相似文献
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B.L. Smith B.Ag. B.V.Sc. Dip.Microbiol. D.C. Elliott 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(12):235-239
Related to its potential vulnerability the respiratory tract has a very complex and effective defence apparatus. The interaction between these defence mechanisms and certain characteristics of aetiological agents results in a pattern in which initial infections by these agents tend to occur at specific sites in the tract. Infections in which the primary portal of entry is in the upper respiratory tract include Bordetella bronchiseptica and Haemophilus spp in pigs; Pasteurella spp in cattle, sheep, pigs; Mycoplasma spp in cattle, sheep, pigs and poultry; equine herpesvirus 1 in horses; infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in cattle; parainfluenza 3 in cattle and sheep; infectious laryngo-tracheitis and infectious bronchitis in poultry; feline viral rhinotracheitis and calicivirus in cats; Aujeszky' disease virus and swine influenza in pigs; and equine influenza in horses. Infections in which the primary portal of entry is in the lower respiratory tract include Aspergillrrs fumigatus in poultry and mammals, respiratory syncytial virus in cattle, distemper virus in dogs and adenovirus in cattle and dogs. A fuller understanding of the interactions between an agent and the host at the point of entry would make it much easier to develop effective vaccines and therapeutic agents. 相似文献
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H G Purchase 《Avian diseases》1989,33(4):609-614
A workshop in which 17 practicing scientists participated was intended to address primarily people who use or could use biotechnology in their work and was confined to five techniques. Endonuclease fingerprinting and mapping involved cleaving nucleic acid with a specific restriction enzyme and separating the nucleic acid fragments by electrophoresis. Field and vaccine isolates of Pasteurella multocida could be distinguished; Salmonella enteritidis could be divided into three groups; chlamydia could be grouped into seven groups; and vaccinia, quail pox, and fowl pox could be clearly distinguished. Preparation of nucleic acid probes involved producing large amounts of labeled oligonucleotides, usually of unknown sequence. Successful probes had been made for infectious bursal disease virus, avian influenza virus, Newcastle disease virus, and infectious bronchitis virus. In Southern, Northern, and dot blotting, either DNA or RNA fragments were placed on or transferred to a solid substrate and probed. The procedure was able to detect infectious bursal disease virus, infectious bronchitis virus, Mycoplasma gallisepticum, and Marek's disease virus. In situ hybridization involved applying a labeled probe to frozen or fixed sections or to intact cells. In Polymerase chain reaction, two primers, some distance apart, were annealed to a denatured target DNA. Repeated cycles of DNA synthesis with a thermostable polymerase, denaturing, and reannealing resulted in great amplification of a rare sequence. After 30 cycles, a rare gene sequence could be amplified more than 10(6) times. It was used successfully to detect minute quantities of influenza virus and infectious bursal disease virus, and the process was used to facilitate DNA sequencing of coccidiosis gene segments. 相似文献
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Vaishali Gupta Renu Jhandai Punit Singh Davinder 《Tropical animal health and production》2020,52(6):3123-3134
Tropical Animal Health and Production - Among various infectious diseases of poultry, diseases of the respiratory tract are responsible for considerable economic losses. The present study was... 相似文献
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Villarreal LY Brandão PE Chacón JL Saidenberg AB Assayag MS Jones RC Ferreira AJ 《Avian diseases》2007,51(4):974-978
Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is the causative agent of avian infectious bronchitis, which is characterized by respiratory, reproductive, and renal signs. However, the role of IBV as an enteric pathogen in still controversial. In Brazil, antigenic groups of IBV divergent from the Massachusetts serotype used for vaccination schedules in that country have already been demonstrated. The present study aimed to assess the different genotypes of IBV in Brazilian commercial poultry flocks by partial sequencing of the S1 amino-terminus coding region using enteric contents as samples and examine their relationship with the vaccine serotype currently in use. Samples of enteric contents were taken as pools of five birds from each of 18 poultry farms (17 broiler and one laying farm) from five Brazilian states between 2002 and 2006. Birds were presenting watery diarrhea and poor general condition but were without respiratory, renal, or reproductive signs. Conventional antibacterial and anticoccidial therapies were unsuccessful and, furthermore, all samples proved negative for rotavirus, reovirus, and astrovirus. Eleven IBV samples were isolated in embryonated eggs and resulted in S1 sequences. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these segregated into an exclusive cluster, close to serotype D274, but distant from Massachusetts. Mean amino acid identity amongst these Brazilian strains was 94.07%; amongst these and serotypes D274, 4/91, and Massachusetts, mean amino acid identity was 77.17%, 69.94%, and 68.93%, respectively. In conclusion, the presence of genotype variant strains of IBV in Brazilian poultry flocks has been demonstrated and might be the reason for the unsuccessful control of IBV in Brazil. Furthermore, these results also strengthen the implications of IBV in enteric diseases of poultry. 相似文献
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E Honda Y Katsu C Fujii K Okazaki T Kumagai 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1989,51(6):1143-1149
Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) isolates from respiratory tract and from vagina of bovine in Japan were analyzed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and the DNA restriction endonuclease cleavage pattern, and compared with European BHV-1 strains. Both protein profile and DNA cleavaged pattern of BHV-1 isolates from respiratory tract were the same as those of European infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) virus, whereas the protein profile and DNA cleavage patterns of one isolate (M1) from vagina was the same as those of the European infectious pustular vulvovaginitis (IPV) virus. The facts indicate that IPV virus has existed in Japan. 相似文献
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S. Hutton J. Bettridge R. Christley T. Habte K. Ganapathy 《Tropical animal health and production》2017,49(2):317-322
A survey was conducted into respiratory infectious diseases of poultry on a chicken breeder farm run by the Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), located in Debre Zeit, Ethiopia. Oropharyngeal swabs were collected from 117 randomly selected birds, and blood was taken from a subset of 73 of these birds. A combination of serological and molecular methods was used for detection of pathogens. For the first time in Ethiopia, we report the detection of variant infectious bronchitis virus (793B genotype), avian metapneumovirus subtype B and Mycoplasma synoviae in poultry. Mycoplasma gallisepticum was also found to be present; however, infectious laryngotracheitis virus was not detected by PCR. Newcastle disease virus (NDV) was not detected by PCR, but variable levels of anti-NDV HI antibody titres shows possible exposure to virulent strains or poor vaccine take, or both. For the burgeoning-intensive industry in Ethiopia, this study highlights several circulating infectious respiratory pathogens that can impact on poultry welfare and productivity. 相似文献