共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 531 毫秒
1.
采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法研究磺胺对甲氧嘧啶(SMD)和二甲氧苄啶(DVD)预混剂在白羽肉鸡体内各组织中的残留消除规律。对48只健康白羽肉鸡连续饲喂添加1 000mg/kg磺胺对甲氧嘧啶和二甲氧苄啶预混剂(含SMD 200mg,DVD 40mg)的全价饲料10d,在停药后4h,1、3、6、9、12、15d分别宰杀6只鸡,采集各组织进行药物残留测定。通过空白样品添加回收试验,所有基质中SMD和DVD的定量限分别为10μg/kg和5μg/kg,SMD和DVD分别在50、100、200μg/kg和25、50、100μg/kg 3个添加水平下的平均回收率为71.7%~102.3%,相对标准偏差为1.0%~11.9%。结果表明,磺胺对甲氧嘧啶和二甲氧苄啶预混剂在肾脏中残留量最高,肝脏其次;肌肉和皮脂中的残留量显著低于肝脏和肾脏,停药9d时,残留量低于药物残留限量。综合各组织中总残留量和最高残留限量规定,建议磺胺对甲氧嘧啶和二甲氧苄啶预混剂在鸡的休药期为7d。 相似文献
2.
为了建立同时测定猪粪便中二甲氧苄啶、磺胺对甲氧嘧啶、恩诺沙星、金霉素、泰乐菌素5种兽药残留量的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)分析方法,样品经McIllvaineNa_2EDTA缓冲溶液提取,C18粉吸附杂质,HLB固相萃取小柱净化,浓缩富集后用0.1%甲酸甲醇溶液复溶,过滤上机,基质液外标法定量。结果显示,5种兽药在10~500μg/kg的质量浓度范围内线性良好,在添加浓度50~500μg/kg,平均回收率为53%~85%,RSD为1.87%~18.81%。该方法具有较好的准确度与精密度,能快速、准确测定猪粪便中5种兽药残留,为养殖环节实时监测兽药使用情况提供了技术支持。 相似文献
3.
为了探究北京地区3种柔嫩艾美耳球虫分离株S1、B4、DZ对磺胺对甲氧嘧啶二甲氧苄啶(预混剂)、磺胺氯吡嗪钠(可溶性粉)、地克珠利(溶液)、托曲珠利(溶液)4种药物的敏感性,从鸡只12日龄时开始,将鸡只分为16组,每组6只鸡,同时开始喂药直至试验结束(攻虫后第8天)。在鸡只14日龄时人工感染球虫4万个孢子化卵囊,该试验重复3次。结果得出S1 E.tenlla对磺胺对甲氧嘧啶二甲氧苄啶、磺胺氯吡嗪钠、地克珠利、托曲珠利4种药物均具有极强的耐药性。B4E.tenlla对磺胺对甲氧嘧啶二甲氧苄啶、磺胺氯吡嗪钠、托曲珠利3种药物敏感;对地克珠利具有耐药性。DZ E.tenlla对磺胺对甲氧嘧啶二甲氧苄啶和托曲珠利两种药物敏感,对磺胺氯吡嗪钠和地克珠利具有耐药性。 相似文献
4.
替米考星及其他抗菌药对猪肺炎支原体的体外联合抑菌试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用2倍稀释法测定了替米考星等7种抗菌药对猪肺炎支原体济南系F64株的最低抑菌浓度和最低杀菌浓度,再以棋盘法测定替米考星 土霉素、替米考星 金霉素、替米考星 多西环素、替米考星 甲氧苄啶、泰乐菌素 土霉素、泰乐菌素 多西环素共6种不同联合对猪肺炎支原体的敏感性。结果表明,7种抗菌药中替米考星与泰妙菌素对猪肺炎支原体的活性最强,MIC分别为0.056和0.075mg/L,其次是泰乐菌素、多西环素、土霉素、金霉素,MIC分别为0.0875、0.219、0.563、1.25mg/L,甲氧苄啶最弱,MIC为128mg/L。在6种不同联合对猪肺炎支原体的联合敏感性试验中,替米考星 土霉素、替米考星 甲氧苄啶2种联合表现出协同作用,替米考星及泰乐菌素与其他抗菌药联合均表现出相加作用,未出现无关作用或拮抗作用。 相似文献
5.
1 发病情况 本地区一养殖户共饲养艾维菌肉鸡7 000只,养殖户在肉鸡21日龄时,在饲料中拌入复方敌菌净(每片含磺胺对甲氧嘧啶25 mg,二甲氧苄氨嘧啶5 mg). 相似文献
6.
鸡肝组织中磺胺类药物多残留分析法 总被引：26，自引：0，他引：26
建立了鸡肝组织中磺胺嘧啶、磺胺二甲基嘧啶、磺胺甲氧吡嗪、磺胺－6－甲氧嘧啶、磺胺甲恶唑、磺胺－2，6－二甲氧嘧啶和磺胺喹恶啉的多残留高效液相色谱分析法。样品经乙腈提取、正己烷液－液分配和碱性氧化铝柱固相萃取法净化后用反相高效液相色谱法测定（UV270nm）。7种磺胺类药物标准曲线的相关系数（r^2)为0．9991－1．0000（0.01μg/ml-0.5μg/ml）。在0.05mg/kg-0.5mg/kg浓度范围内，磺胺类药物的回收率为68．8％－100．0％，变异系数为1．3％－12．0％。 检测限为0．01mg/kg-0.03mg/kg，定量限低于0.05mg/kg。 相似文献
7.
用鸡沙门氏杆菌进行体外试验表明:当TMP和SDZ的最小抑菌浓度值被降低到1/8时,这两种药物间的协同作用。TMP和SDZ的混合剂(60+300mg/L饭水给药)能减轻感染鸡沙门氏杆菌的鸡的内脏死后病变和降低细菌的分离数。故此种混和剂能抵抗禽病。在人医和兽医中,磺胺类药物与甲氧苄氨嘧啶配合应用正日益广泛。提倡应用磺胺嘧啶一三甲氧苄氨嘧啶合剂治疗家畜的各种感染。据报导,这种合剂对狗和猫疗效最高。自发现这两种药适合作为药代动力学模型后,在家禽,已建议将磺胺嘧啶作为与三甲氧苄氨嘧啶配合的首选药。在推荐这种合剂应用于临床实践前,已认识到该制剂对病原菌的功效。 相似文献
8.
建立了用于禽肉中氯羟吡啶和磺胺嘧啶、磺胺甲基嘧啶、磺胺二甲基嘧啶、磺胺甲氧嘧啶、磺胺-6-甲氧嘧啶、磺胺甲基异噁唑、磺胺二甲氧嘧啶、磺胺喹噁啉等残留测定的高效液相色谱法。样品以乙腈-氯仿提取,正己烷脱脂净化,以Symmetry C18 5μm(4.6 mm×150 mm)色谱柱进行分离,二极管阵列检测器检测,梯度洗脱测定氯羟吡啶和8种磺胺。回收率在71.7%~99.7%,相对标准偏差为1.5%~3.8%,最低检测限除磺胺二甲氧嘧啶、磺胺喹噁啉为0.02 mg/kg外,其余都可达到0.01 mg/kg。该方法已成功应用于禽类样品多兽药残留的检测。 相似文献
9.
《养殖与饲料．饲料世界》2018,(6)
正1)土霉素0.2～0.3 g,口服,每日3次,连用3 d。2)磺胺甲基嘧啶、磺胺二甲基嘧啶、磺胺5-甲氧嘧啶或磺胺6-甲氧嘧啶同抗菌增效剂(TMP)按5∶1比例混合,0.1～0.2 g口服,每日1次,连用3 d。3)喹诺酮类药物如恩诺沙星、环丙沙星、诺氟沙星等,也有良好治疗效果。 相似文献
10.
为评价磺胺氯吡嗪钠-二甲氧苄啶混悬液对靶动物鸡的安全性,选择40只15日龄健康黄羽肉鸡,随机分成4组,每组10只.各组分别以0 mg/L、推荐剂量(300 mg/L)、3倍推荐剂量(900 mg/L)、5倍推荐剂量(1 500 mg/L)的磺胺氯吡嗪钠-二甲氧苄啶溶液饮水给药,连用5d.试验期间观察临床表现和体重变化,试验结束后进行病理学检查,并测定血液学和血液相关生化指标的变化.结果表明,磺胺氯吡嗪钠-二甲氧苄啶溶液在鸡以3倍以下推荐剂量用药,连用5d是安全的,在炎热季节可适当降低混饮时药物的浓度. 相似文献
11.
3种兽药及其主要代谢产物在猪粪中的排泄规律 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以磺胺二甲嘧啶、金霉素和泰乐菌素为研究对象,探讨在饲粮中添加兽药后,猪粪中3种兽药原形及其主要代谢产物的排泄规律。试验选取60头33k左右的长大二元杂交母猪,在饲粮中加入200mg／kg的磺胺二甲嘧啶、75mg／kg的金霉素和100mg／kg的泰乐菌素,分用药期和休药期收集猪粪检测其中的兽药原形及其代谢产物残留。结果表明,7d用药期内猪粪中磺胺二甲嘧啶及其主要代谢产物对位氨基乙酰化磺胺二甲嘧啶的平均残留分别为59．50,15．98μg／g;金霉素及其代谢产物4位差向异构金霉素平均残留分别为239．92,217．79μg／g;泰乐菌素A及其代谢产物泰乐菌素D的平均残留分别为10．50,65．99／μg／g。进入休药期后,猪粪中兽药原型及其代谢产物残留下降很快,到休药期结束时,相应试验组的猪粪中已检测不出金霉素及其代谢产物残留,但仍可检出磺胺二甲嘧啶及其代谢产物和泰乐菌素A及其代谢产物。由此可知,兽药的体内代谢产物在兽药的排泄中占重要比例,提示除兽药原形外还应重视其代谢产物进入环境后的生态毒理学效应。 相似文献
12.
恩诺沙星注射液在猪体内的残留消除研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究恩诺沙星在猪体内的残留消除规律,验证休药期,以2.5 mg/kg体重肌内注射10%恩诺沙星注射液,每日2次,连续3 d。在最后一次给药后0、3、5、7、10 d时间点,采集肌肉、肝脏、肾脏、脂肪和注射部位肌肉,HPLC法测定组织中的恩诺沙星及其代谢物环丙沙星的残留量,并用WT1.4软件计算休药期。结果显示,恩诺沙星在猪肌肉、肝脏、肾脏、脂肪和注射部位肌肉的休药期分别是5.6、13.4、8.2、3.0、5.5 d。为保证兽药使用安全、消费者健康和食品安全,推荐恩诺沙星注射液在猪的休药期为14 d。 相似文献
13.
The addition of a combination of lincomycin and spectinomycin to feed at the total concentrations of 44 and 77 mg/kg, beginning at the time of exposure and continuing for 8 weeks, prevented experimentally induced swine dysentery in swine. The disease did not develop after the medication was withdrawn. In contrast, swine dysentery, similar to that seen in the nonmedicated swine, did develop in simultaneously exposed swine treated with feed containing either 44 mg of tylosin or 99 mg sodium arsanilate/kg. The swine fed sodium arsanilate and which developed hemorrhagic diarrhea had a more severe form of this type of diarrhea than did the nonmedicated swine. After reexposure to inefective inoculum of swine dysentery 86 days after initial exposure, all remaining swine previously medicated with either tylosin or sodium arsanilate and all nonmedicated swine were immune; whereas 17 of the 24 swine fed the combination of lincomycin and spectinomycin were susceptible to swine dysentery and developed diarrhea. 相似文献
14.
R. G. Huhn 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1971,35(1):1-4
The susceptibility of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae to the action of three antibiotics and diethyl ether was determined. Infected swine were used in an in vivo sensitivity detection system. The parameter of susceptibility was lesion prophylaxis. In vivo, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae appeared to be resistant to diethyl ether, tylosin tartrate, and erythromycin, but was susceptible to the action of chlortetracycline. Chlortetracycline was effective in preventing the development of lesions when given at levels which would be practical in commercial swine operations. 相似文献
15.
Megan E Westfall Dina L Demcovitz Daisy R Plourdé David S Rotstein Daniel R Brown 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2006,37(2):206-208
Mycoplasma iguanae proposed species nova was isolated from vertebral abscesses of two feral iguanas (Iguana iguana) from Florida. Three strains were evaluated for sensitivity to a variety of antibiotics. The minimum inhibitory concentrations for M. iguanae, assessed by broth dilution methods, of clindamycin, doxycycline, enrofloxacin, oxytetracycline, and tylosin (all <1 microg/ml) were lower than those of chloramphenicol (32 micro/ml) and erythromycin (64 microg/ml). The profile was identical to that of Mycoplasma alligatoris, previously isolated from American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis). M. iguanae strain 2327T was subcultured without antibiotics to assess mycoplasmacidal activity. Clindamycin, doxycycline, oxytetracycline, and tylosin were bacteriostatic from 0.1 to 0.5 microg/ml, whereas enrofloxacin was bactericidal at 20 ng/ml. An enrofloxacin dosage of 5-10 mg/kg achieves peak plasma concentrations >1 microg/ml, with an elimination half-life of 6-20 hr, in alligators. Although concentrations achieved in the vertebrae by i.m. or i.v. injection are probably lower than those in plasma, these data suggest that enrofloxacin may be useful to treat M. iguanae mycoplasmosis in iguanas. 相似文献
16.
Chlortetracycline in swine-bioavailability and pharmacokinetics in fasted and fed pigs 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
C. R. KILROY W. F. HALL D. P. BANE R. F. BEVILL G. D. KORITZ 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1990,13(1):49-58
Chlortetracycline hydrochloride was administered intra-arterially (11 mg/kg) and as an oral drench (33 mg/kg) to ten 21.0-31.5-kg pigs. Five of the pigs were fasted 18 h prior to dosing and five of the pigs were fed ad libitum prior to dosing. The mean volume of distribution determined by area-under-the-curve calculations for the fasted pigs (0.967 +/- 0.210 l/kg) was significantly less (P less than 0.05) than the mean volume of distribution for the fed pigs (1.39 +/- 0.31 l/kg). Mean total body clearance of the drug was also significantly less (P less than 0.05) in the fasted pigs (0.165 +/- 0.055 l/kg/h) as compared to the fed pigs (0.307 +/- 0.053 l/kg/h). The elimination constants (beta) were not found to be statistically different (P less than 0.05): 0.1811 +/- 0.0057 for the fasted pigs; 0.2260 +/- 0.0461 for the fed pigs. The bioavailability for both groups was similar; 19.12 +/- 8.3% for the fasted pigs and 17.88 +/- 5.3% for the fed pigs. In a second experiment three groups of six pigs which weighed 34.5-44.1 kg were fed a corn-soy diet ad libitum. The rations were fortified with chlortetracycline at 100, 400 or 1000 mg chlortetracycline hydrochloride/kg feed. Chlortetracycline concentrations were determined in plasma samples collected over a 6-day period. Plasma chlortetracycline concentrations reach a plateau within 24 h after initial access to the trial diets and were highly correlated with the dose of the drug consumed (r2 = 0.97). 相似文献
17.
Three groups of four Friesian cows in mid-lactation were fed a compound feedingstuff contaminated with 2, 10 or 300 mg chlortetracycline/kg for 21 days, and were then fed an uncontaminated diet for seven days. A fourth group of four cows was fed an uncontaminated diet throughout the study. Daily pooled milk samples from each cow were analysed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a detection limit of 50 microg chlortetracycline/litre. Chlortetracycline was detected in only two milk samples taken from one of the animals fed feed containing 300 mg 300 mg chlortetracycline/kg, and both contained less than the maximum residue limit (MRL) specified by the European Union (100 microg/litre). All the milk samples were also analysed by the Delvotest SP microbiological assay, which has a detection limit of 300 microg chlortetracycline/litre. During the treatment period, this method gave four presumptive false-positive results, because they were not confirmed by HPLC. Selected daily pooled samples from each treatment group were also analysed by the semi-quantitative Charm II radioreceptor assay with a detection limit of 10 microg chlortetracycline/litre. Immunoreactive chlortetracycline was detected only in the animals fed feed containing 300 mg chlortetracycline/kg and several of the results exceeded the EU MRL during the treatment period. No significant treatment effects on animal performance were observed. However, there was a trend towards a higher milk fat concentration (P<0.09) and a lower milk protein concentration (P<0.07) with increasing concentration of chlortetracycline in the diet. 相似文献
18.
Rajić A Reid-Smith R Deckert AE Dewey CE McEwen SA 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2006,47(5):446-452
Antibiotic use was described using a convenience sample of 90 Alberta swine farms representing approximately 25% of the Alberta market swine production. Data on the use of antibiotics were collected through an on-farm interview questionnaire. The vast majority of antibiotics were used in feed. The chlortetracycline/sulfamethazine/penicillin combination and tylosin were the most frequently used in-feed antibiotics in weaners and growers/finishers, respectively. The use of antibiotics through water was reported mostly occasionally in all categories. The use of injectable antibiotics was reported mostly in sick pigs. Penicillin was the most common in-water and injectable antibiotic in all categories. The apparent low frequency of critically important antimicrobials for use in humans (quinolones and 3rd generation cephalosporins) is an encouraging finding from a public health perspective. The widespread and frequently reported use of penicillin and tetracycline are of public health concern considering that both antimicrobials are also used for therapeutic purposes in human medicine. 相似文献
19.
Evaluation of conjugated linoleic acid and dietary antibiotics as growth promotants in weanling pigs. 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
T E Weber A P Schinckel K L Houseknecht B T Richert 《Journal of animal science》2001,79(10):2542-2549
An experiment was conducted to determine the efficacy of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) as a growth promotant in weanling swine. Weanling pigs (n = 192; 7.6 kg and 29 d of age) were randomly assigned to four treatments that were arranged as a 2 x 2 factorial. Concentrations of dietary CLA (0 or 0.6%) and antibiotics (+/-) constituted the main effect variables. Dietary CLA treatments consisted of a 1% addition of an oil containing 60% CLA isomers or 1% soybean oil, and dietary antibiotic treatments were antibiotics or no antibiotics. The experimental diets were fed for 9 wk in four phases (1, wk 1; 2, wk 2 and 3; 3, wk 4 through 6; and 4, wk 7 through 9), after which all pigs were fed identical medicated diets for the duration of the finishing phase. Live weights were recorded at wk 17 postweaning and at marketing to determine any residual effects of dietary treatments on finisher ADG and days to market. Medicated diets fed during phases 1 and 2 contained 55 mg carbadox/kg; during phase 3 contained 299 mg tilmicosin/kg; and during phase 4 contained 110 mg tylosin and 110 mg sulfamethazine/kg. Pigs fed medicated diets had higher overall ADG than pigs fed unmedicated diets for wk 0 through 9 (P < 0.03). Gain:feed (G:F) was greater for pigs fed medicated diets than for pigs fed unmedicated diets during phase 1 (P < 0.03) and for the duration of the nursery phase (P < 0.03). There were no effects of CLA on ADG, ADFI, or G:F. There were no residual effects of nursery CLA or antibiotics on finisher ADG and days to market. Blood samples collected from a subset of pigs (n = 72) at the completion of phases 2, 3, and 4 were assayed for serum IGF-I and antibody concentrations to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. There was a tendency for pigs fed medicated diets to have greater IGF-I concentrations than pigs fed unmedicated diets at the completion of phase 4 (P < 0.06). Pigs fed CLA had greater antibody titers (P < 0.02) to Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae at d 63 than pigs fed diets without CLA. These results indicate that feeding 0.6% dietary CLA did not enhance growth performance in weanling swine and that the use of dietary antibiotics can increase production efficiency in nursery pigs. Furthermore, there were no interactions between CLA and dietary antibiotics on the variables addressed in this study. 相似文献
20.
建立了鸡组织中泰乐菌素残留的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测方法,样品用甲醇(含2%氨水)提取,经C18固相萃取柱净化,洗脱液氮气吹干,残渣用甲醇:乙腈(20∶80,V/V)复溶,超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测,基质添加标准溶液外标法定量。结果表明泰乐菌素在5~1000μg/kg的浓度范围内呈现良好的线性关系。在鸡组织中中泰乐菌素的检测限为4μg/kg,定量限为10μg/kg。在10~200μg/kg添加浓度范围内,泰乐菌素在鸡组织中的回收率均在85.9%~110.4%之间,批内批间变异系数在1.2%~4.0%之间。该方法各项技术指标均能满足残留检测要求,且方法的重现性良好,满足国内外兽药残留相关法规规定。 相似文献