共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 296 毫秒
1.
鸡lmbr1基因外显子16的SNP检测和单倍型分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
外显子16是鸡lmbr1基因最大的外显子,本研究进行了该外显子在丝羽乌骨鸡和白洛克肉鸡间的SNP检测和单倍型分析。研究表明,鸡lmbr1外显子16的PCR-SSCP基因型在两个品种间的分布存在明显差异,测序从24个个体中检测到4个变异位点,其中T32C变异在两个品种间存在明显差异,丝羽乌骨鸡均含有32T(纯合的TT或杂合的TC),白洛克肉鸡在T32C位点都为纯合的CC;单倍型分析从24个个体中检测到5种单倍型,丝羽乌骨鸡和白洛克肉鸡的单倍型存在明显的差异,hap1和hap2是丝羽乌骨鸡的特异性单倍型,hap5是白洛克肉鸡的特异性单倍型,hap3和hap4主要存在于白洛克肉鸡中,在丝羽乌骨鸡中的比例极少。 相似文献
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为了明确肉蛋兼用品种无量山乌骨鸡胚胎期肝脏组织的发育特征，试验同时孵化爱拔益加肉鸡(AA鸡)、海兰灰蛋鸡与无量山乌骨鸡3个品种的种蛋，在10,12,14,16,18,20胚龄(E10、E12、E14、E16、E18、E20)和出壳当日(D0)分别测定胚胎重和肝脏重，比较品种间相对肝脏重；取肝脏制备石蜡切片(H.E.染色)和冰冻切片(油红O染色)检测肝脏中脂质沉积情况；通过实时荧光定量PCR扩增检测脂代谢相关基因(FAS基因和ATGL基因)的mRNA相对表达量。结果表明：在E10和E14时，无量山乌骨鸡相对肝脏重分别显著高于AA鸡和海兰灰蛋鸡(P<0.05);在E18时，肝脏组织油红O染色红色最深；无量山乌骨鸡FAS基因和ATGL基因mRNA相对表达量在E10、E12、E14、E16、E18时最高且与AA鸡和海兰灰蛋鸡差异显著(P<0.05);无量山乌骨鸡FAS基因和ATGL基因均在D0时达到表达高峰，且与其他胚龄相比差异极显著(P<0.01)。说明无量山乌骨鸡脂代谢活动在出壳后更为活跃。 相似文献
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利用mRNA差异显示技术筛选丝羽乌骨鸡肝脏差异表达序列标签 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了找出可能与丝羽乌骨鸡独特性状形成相关的基因,本研究运用差异显示PCR技术等对丝羽乌骨鸡与快大型肉鸡肝脏组织中差异表达的基因进行筛选,并通过生物信息学方法对所筛选出的差异表达序列标签进行分析。结果,本研究共筛选得到10条丝羽乌骨鸡与快大型肉鸡肝脏差异表达序列标签(dbEST登录号:CN606328~CN606329、CN606331~CN606338)。生物信息学分析结果显示:10条ESTs中,CN606332和CN606336是家鸡的18S rRNA基因部分序列,CN606333与编码家鸡热休克蛋白70的基因(HSPA5)同源,CN606328、CN606331与家鸡已有核酸数据库中的cDNA克隆或EST具有较高相似性,但功能未知。其他5条表达序列标签在家鸡核酸数据库中未发现相似序列,但分别与其他物种的细胞膜蛋白基因、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase)基因、ATP-binding cassette transporter基因、推定蛋白MGC27019基因以及异常纺锤型小脑畸形症(abnormalspindle microcephaly,ASPM)蛋白基因有不同程度的相似性。本研究结果表明,丝羽乌骨鸡与快大型肉鸡可能在多种代谢途径上都存在差异表达的基因,通过进一步深入研究这些差异表达基因,可以为研究丝羽乌骨鸡独特性状的形成提供重要的信息。 相似文献
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钙蛋白酶基因在鸡不同组织和品种中的表达差异 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了探讨钙蛋白酶(calpain,CAPN)基因在鸡不同组织和品种中的表达差异,本研究采用半定量RT-PCR方法研究了CAPN基因在鸡不同组织和品种中的表达差异。结果表明:CAPN基因表达于优质鸡的10个不同组织中,肝脏和胸肌中的表达量最高并显著高于其他组织(P<0.05);优质鸡胸肌组织中CAPN基因的表达量显著高于艾维茵肉鸡和宝万斯尼拉蛋鸡品种(P<0.05),优质鸡品种之间以及肉鸡与蛋鸡品种间差异不显著(P>0.05)。结果证明钙蛋白酶是一种在鸡体内普遍存在的蛋白,CAPN基因在鸡不同组织和品种中的表达存在显著差异。 相似文献
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《中国家禽》2021,(5)
试验旨在研究血管紧张素转换酶Ⅱ(ACE2)基因在同一品种不同组织及相同组织不同品种之间的表达差异,从而明确ACE2基因在AA肉鸡和海兰蛋鸡不同品种和器官组织间的表达特性。分别选取6只体重相近的45日龄AA肉鸡和6只300日龄海兰蛋鸡,采集脾脏、心脏、肝脏、肺脏、肾脏、十二指肠、空肠、回肠、盲肠、胆囊、气管和法氏囊组织为试验材料,采用实时荧光定量PCR对各组织中ACE2 mRNA进行定量分析。结果显示:(1)AA肉鸡回肠的ACE2 mRNA表达量显著高于其他组织(P0.05)。海兰蛋鸡十二指肠、空肠和回肠的ACE2 mRNA表达量显著高于其他组织(P0.05)。(2)AA肉鸡回肠、盲肠、肝脏、胸腺、肺和胆囊组织中ACE2 mRNA表达量显著高于海兰蛋鸡(P0.05)。研究表明:AA肉鸡和海兰蛋鸡小肠中ACE2 mRNA表达量最高;AA肉鸡回肠、盲肠、肝脏、胆囊、胸腺和肺组织中ACE2 mRNA表达高于海兰蛋鸡。提示ACE2可能与肠道消化吸收功能存在相关性。 相似文献
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以丝羽乌骨鸡和白洛克肉鸡的基因组DNA为模板,采用PCR产物直接测序的方法进行鸡lmbr1基因部分内含子的克隆、单核苷酸多态性检测。结果表明,试验克隆了鸡lmbr1基因的10～14及16内含子序列,共计4 610 kb,从丝羽乌骨鸡和白洛克肉鸡中检测到67个单核苷酸多态位点（SNPs）。将提交序列与NCBI上公布的红色原鸡基因组序列比较,在这6个内含子内发现40个变异位点,其中20个为新的SNPs。基因组结构分析表明,鸡lmbr1基因约60 kb,为人类lmbr1基因的28%,内含子外显子的剪接方式符合GT-AG法则。 相似文献
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丝羽乌骨鸡是闻名中外的药用家禽,国际承认的标准品种称为丝羽鸡,日本称乌骨鸡。因其具有药用、营养及观赏价值,被古今中外学者所重视。近年来,丝羽乌骨鸡蛋受到广大消费者的青睐,但是由于丝羽乌骨鸡生长缓慢、体重轻、产蛋性能低,难以满足广大消费者的需求。乌骨鸡开产日龄一般为170～205 d,比专用蛋鸡(153.2 d)要迟50 d左右,且其产蛋量低,年产蛋量仅有75～105枚,只有商品蛋鸡的1/3[2],与商品蛋鸡的产蛋性能相比差异显著。李房全对余干黑羽乌骨鸡进行4个世代的选育,开产日龄由202.23 d提 相似文献
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蛋鸡与肉鸡卵巢组织基因差异表达与产蛋数杂种优势的相关性研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以白莱航蛋鸡(AA)、农大褐蛋鸡(DD)和白洛克肉鸡(EE)3个纯系及其正反杂交产生的6个杂交系为试验材料，应用mRNA差异显示技术，研究了产蛋高峰期(32周龄)纯种鸡与正反交杂种群卵巢组织的基因差异表达，及其差异表达模式与32周龄产蛋数的杂种优势率的相关性。结果：24种引物组合共扩增出1572条带，其中能够重现的有1126条，重现率为71．63％。在6个正反杂交群中检测到7类基因差异表达模式：P1杂种超强表达(22．29％)；P2杂种特异表达(9．84％)；P3杂种减弱表达(9．85％)；P4杂种沉默(3．42％)；P5单亲特异表达(22．91％)；P6单亲显性表达(25．74％)；P7共显性表达(5．95％)。相关性分析表明：32周龄产蛋数的杂种优势率与杂种特异型表达模式(P2)呈显著的负相关(P＜O．05)；而与杂种减弱型表达模式呈显著的正相关(P＜O．05)。这一研究结果为探索鸡的产蛋性状杂种优势的分子遗传机理奠定了基础，同时探讨了差异表达基因与杂种优势的关系。 相似文献
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试验旨在分析黑色素相关基因在丝羽乌骨鸡和余干乌骨鸡中的差异表达。试验测定丝羽乌骨鸡和余干乌骨鸡2～17周龄胸肌和腿肌肉色亮度值，比较黑色素相关基因TYR、TYRP1、PMEL和MITF在两种乌骨鸡胸肌和腿肌的差异表达量。结果显示：2周龄时余干乌骨鸡胸、腿肌和丝羽乌骨鸡胸肌肉色亮度值显著小于其他周龄（P<0.05），余干乌骨鸡6周龄胸、腿肌亮度值显著大于6周龄丝羽乌骨鸡（P<0.05）,17周龄时丝羽乌骨鸡腿肌亮度值显著大于余17周龄干乌骨鸡（P<0.05）;4个基因在2种乌骨鸡2～17周龄的胸肌和腿肌中相对表达量的变化趋势基本一致，2周龄时表达量较高，随后呈现下降趋势。同时黑色素相关基因表达量存在品种效应，2周龄时TYR和TYRP1基因在丝羽乌骨鸡腿肌中表达量较高，17周龄时MITF基因在余干乌骨鸡腿肌中表达量较高。TYR、TYRP1、PMEL和MITF 4个基因在2种乌骨鸡胸肌和腿肌中表达均呈现显著正相关（P<0.05）;4个基因表达与2种乌骨鸡肉色亮度值显著负相关（P<0.05），且对黑色素沉积呈现正调控作用。研究表明，在乌色度选种时可以将TYR、TY... 相似文献
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鸡MHC-B-F基因外显子3PCR-RFLP-Tas Ⅰ的多态分布 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究利用PCR—RFLP方法检测了MHC-B—F基因外显子3 TasⅠ位点不同基因型在9个鸡品种计235个个体中的分布情况。结果表明MHC—B—F基因外显子3 TasⅠ位点中存在3种基因型，命名为AA、AB、BB。它们在不同品种中的分布各异，AA基因型在杏花鸡、灵山香鸡、丝羽乌骨鸡中的频率显著甚至极显著地高于其它品种（P〈0．05 or P〈0．01），AB基因型在来航鸡与隐性白洛克中的频率相当低（P〈0．05 or P〈0.01），BB基因型在隐性白洛克中的分布频率则极显著地高于其它8个品种（P〈0．01）。 相似文献
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Masahide NISHIBORI Makoto HANAZONO Yoshio YAMAMOTO Masaoki TSUDZUKI Hiroshi YASUE 《Animal Science Journal》2003,74(5):437-439
Among the chicken breeds, White Leghorn (WL) and White Plymouth Rock (WR) are major breeds and have different history in their establishments. Whole mitochondrial DNA of the breeds were sequenced in order to elucidate the genetic relationship between the breeds. The lengths of the two WL and two WR mitochondrial DNA were found to be 16 788 and 16 785 base pairs, respectively. When the DNA sequences were compared, the similarity was found to be 99.96% (six nucleotide differences). In addition, the present study conformed the existence of an extra nucleotide ‘C’ in NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3 (ND3) of the chicken mitochondrial DNA, which has been consistently observed in Galliformes. 相似文献
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Kyung-Won HONG Miho INOUE-MURAYAMA Akihiro NAKAMURA Kenji NAGAO Shin'ichi ITO 《Animal Science Journal》2008,79(5):641-643
We surveyed two polymorphic microsatellites in a candidate gene for fear response, monoamine oxidase A ( MAOA ), in chicken. Two hundred and eighty chickens from five breeds (Nagoya, Mikawa, White Leghorn, White Plymouth Rock, and Rhode Island Red) were investigated. A thymine (T) repeat and an adenine (A) repeat were found on MAOA intron 4 ( CMin4T ) and intron 9 ( CMin9A ), respectively. Nine alleles ( 127-bp to 166-bp ) in CMin4T and six alleles ( 184-bp to 198-bp ) in CMin9A were detected. A 128-bp allele in CMin4T was observed in the Nagoya breed only, implying a highly useful marker for discriminating the Nagoya breed from other breeds. In addition, the Mikawa breed had the fixed 127-bp and 198-bp alleles in CMin4T and CMin9A , respectively. The Nagoya breed chickens show densely cowardly behavior, but the Mikawa breed chickens do not show the same behavior. The current results may indicate that MAOA is an informative candidate gene for breed difference. 相似文献
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In order to understand the differential expression among tissues or breeds of grazed goat,β-actin gene was used as control,the expression levels of melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) mRNA in 7 tissues of Qiandongnan small Xiang goat,Guizhou White goat,Guizhou Black goat,Qianbei Ma goat and Nanjiang Yellow goat were detected by Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR technique with double standard curve method.The results showed that MC4R mRNA was expressed in all 7 tissues of 5 grazed goat breeds,the expression levels of subcutaneous fat and kidney were the highest,the expression levels of liver was the second,the expression levels of lung and heart were the third,and the expression levels of semimembranosus muscle and longissimus muscle were the lowest.There were no differences of the expression level of MC4R mRNA in liver among different breeds.In subcutaneous fat,kidney,lung,heart,semimembranosus muscle and longissimus muscle,the highest expression levels of MC4R mRNA were all observed in Guizhou White goat.The results suggested that for grazed goats,the expression levels of MC4R mRNA existed tissue differences,and except for the liver,it existed breed differences,too.This research laid a basis for molecular marker assisted selection of growth traits,carcass traits,and meat quality traits of grazed goat. 相似文献
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This study aimed to investigate the ability of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) haplotypes in chicken mtDNA for presumption of the origins of chicken meat. We typed five SNPs of the D‐loop region in mtDNA by allele‐specific PCR (AS‐PCR) in 556 hens, that is 233 White Leghorn (WL), 50 Dekalb‐TX35 (D‐TX), 140 Barred Plymouth Rock (BPR) and 133 Rhode Island Red (RIR) kept in the National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science (NILGS, Tsukuba, Japan). Five haplotypes were observed among those chickens by AS‐PCR. WL, D‐TX, BPR and RIR displayed three, two, one and four SNP haplotypes, respectively. By a combination of the haplotypes by AS‐PCR and the breeds, these chickens were classified into 10 groups. After the D‐loop was sequenced in two chickens from every group (20 individuals), 15 SNP sites (including one insertion) and eight sequence haplotypes were observed. In conclusion, haplotype variation was observed in and among the layer breeds of the NILGS. This study demonstrates that SNP haplotypes in mtDNA should be appropriate for the presumption of the origins of chicken meat. 相似文献
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Ahlawat SP Sunder J Kundu A Chatterjee RN Rai RB Kumar B Senani S Saha SK Yadav SP 《British poultry science》2004,45(2):194-200
1. The present study was conducted to estimate genetic relatedness among Nicobari fowls (Brown, Black and White) and an exotic bird (White Leghorn) using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) polymorphism. 2. A total of 25 decamer primers were screened among all the breeds of which 24 primers amplified the genomic DNA, generating 2000 to 200 bp bands. Ten primers generated reproducible and distinct RAPD profiles and were used for further analysis. 3. A total of 94 bands were amplified and 30 polymorphic bands (32%) were produced. The number of polymorphic loci ranged from 1 to 5 with an average of 3.0. 4. Among the native breeds Brown Nicobari showed higher genetic similarity (0.85) than Black Nicobari (0.80) and White Nicobari fowl (0.82). 5. Brown Nicobari showed high genetic similarity with Black Nicobari (0.87 +/- 0.029); least similarity was between White Nicobari and White Leghorn (0.77 +/- 0.028). 6. The RAPD profile of all Nicobari fowls on amplification with the primers PBG5 and PBA12 showed specific bands of molecular size 1050 and 785 bp, respectively. 7. The native breeds showed the least genetic distance with each other while White Leghorn appeared to be most distant from the native breeds. 相似文献
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试验旨在研究在产蛋鸡饲粮中添加丁酸梭菌和丁酸钠对不同品种产蛋鸡产蛋率、鸡蛋雀斑、暗斑以及蛋品质的影响。选择270日龄狼山鸡、芦花鸡、北京油鸡各320只,随机分成2组,每组8个重复,每个重复20只鸡,对照组（CON）饲喂基础饲粮,试验组（EXP）饲粮中添加100 mg/kg丁酸梭菌＋500 mg/kg丁酸钠。预饲期3 d,试验期为5周。试验结果表明,与对照组相比,①试验组狼山鸡、芦花鸡、北京油鸡产蛋率分别提高12.5%、12.0%和24.9%（P<0.01）;②试验组狼山鸡鸡蛋雀斑3级率下降34.2%（P<0.05）,芦花鸡和北京油鸡鸡蛋各级雀斑率均无显著差异（P>0.05）,狼山鸡、芦花鸡、北京油鸡鸡蛋各级暗斑率均无显著差异（P>0.05）;③试验组狼山鸡蛋重降低1.7%（P<0.05）,蛋形指数增加2.3%（P<0.05）;芦花鸡蛋重增加1.5%（P<0.05）;北京油鸡蛋白高度增加13.9%（P<0.05）,哈氏单位增加4.7%（P<0.05）。综上,在产蛋鸡基础饲粮中添加一定量的丁酸梭菌和丁酸钠,可以提高狼山鸡、芦花鸡、北京油鸡产蛋率,对改善狼山鸡鸡蛋的雀斑也有一定的作用,且有助于提高芦花鸡、北京油鸡的蛋品质。 相似文献