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本研究采用酶组织化学法测定了猪囊尾蚴发育过程中及在抗囊药物作用下几种糖代谢酶(6-磷酸葡萄糖酶、琥珀酸脱氢酶、乳酸脱氢酶)的活性,研究了猪囊尾蚴的糖代谢基本规律和两种药物(阿苯达唑、奥芬达唑)对其糖代谢的影响.结果表明,猪囊尾蚴存在类似于其他蠕虫的糖代谢通路,具有糖无氧分解、逆向三羧酸循环和糖异生途径.两种药物使猪囊虫体内的6-磷酸葡萄糖酶、琥珀酸脱氢酶及乳酸脱氢酶活性代偿性增强,说明药物首先抑制糖有氧分解途径,然后糖分解代谢受到全面抑制,致使虫体能量耗竭,直至死亡.奥芬达唑对体内各时期猪囊尾蚴的杀灭作用较优,且对未成熟期猪囊尾蚴的杀灭作用优于成熟期. 相似文献
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测定了在阿苯达唑作用下猪体内囊尾蚴磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧激酶(PEPCK)、丙酮酸激酶(PK)、延胡索酸还原酶(FR)、异柠檬酸脱氢酶(ICD)、苹果酸脱氢酶(ME)活性的变化。结果表明，阿苯达唑可显著改变未成熟期及成熟期猪囊尾蚴的能量代谢。提示，阿苯达唑的作用机理可能是通过干扰虫体能量代谢，阻断能量的产生导致虫体死亡的。 相似文献
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阿苯达唑和奥芬达唑对猪体内囊尾蚴作用酶组织化学观察 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的 采用酶组织化学技术半定量观察阿苯达唑和奥芬达唑对猪体内囊尾蚴发育过程中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)、谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)、三磷酸腺苷酶(ATPase)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、6-磷酸葡萄糖酶(G6Pase)、黄嘌呤氧化酶(XOD)、脂酶(FE)活性变化的影响。方法 以用药组与不用药对照组猪体内囊尾蚴周围肌组织冰冻切片测各种酶的活性。结果 表明阿苯达唑和奥芬达唑作用后,各种酶活性均出现显著性升高,随后逐渐降低。结论 揭示药物作用后,由于虫体能量代谢障碍,导致物质分解代谢和物质转运代谢代偿性增强,随后由于代谢体系被破坏而酶活性逐渐降低。 相似文献
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本研究采用酶组织化学法测定了猪囊尾蚴发育过程中及在抗囊药物作用下几种糖代谢酶（6－磷酸葡萄糖醛、 琥珀酸脱氢酶、乳酸脱氢酶）的活性，研究了猪囊尾坳的糖代谢基本规律和两种药物（阿苯达唑、奥芬达唑）对其糖代谢的影响。结果表明，猪囊尾蚴存在类似于其他蠕虫的糖代谢通路，具有糖无氧分解、逆向三羧酸循环和糖异生途径。两种药物使猪囊虫体内的6－磷酸葡萄糖酶、琥珀酸脱氢酶及乳酸脱氢酶活性代偿性增强，说明药物首先抑制糖有氧分解途径，然后糖分解代谢受到全面抑制，致使虫体能量耗竭，直到死亡。奥芬达唑对体内各时期猪囊尾蚴的杀灭作用较优，且对未成熟期猪囊尾蚴的杀灭作用优于成熟期。 相似文献
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史景东 《畜牧兽医科技信息》2018,(10)
正苯丙咪唑类药物是近年来广泛用于抗多种动物寄生虫病的一大类广谱驱虫药。阿苯达唑、非班太尔、奥芬达唑和奥苯达唑。阿苯达唑是最新的苯丙咪唑类药物,具有更广谱的驱蠕虫活性;非班太尔是苯丙咪唑类的前体药物,能在体内转变为抗寄生虫药物;奥芬达唑是美国批准用于牛的广谱苯丙咪唑类驱虫药;奥苯达唑能有效驱除对丙苯咪唑有抗药性的小型圆线虫。1阿苯达唑阿苯达唑也称肠虫清,具有更广谱的驱蠕虫活性,按照药物说明书给药对牛更安全。阿苯达唑对家畜、伴侣动物和 相似文献
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《中国兽医学报》2020,(2):369-374
为研究阿苯达唑和吡喹酮对兔豆状囊尾蚴病的治疗效果,将30只患豆状囊尾蚴的病兔随机分为3组,分别用阿苯达唑、吡喹酮和淀粉进行2个疗程的治疗,从临床症状、体质量变化、白细胞分类变化、病理学宏观、微观和超微结构检查等方面进行比较观察。结果证明2种药物对兔豆状囊尾蚴病的治疗主要有3点不同:一是阿苯达唑可使豆状囊尾蚴头节的齿钩破坏,吸盘闭锁,并发生凝固性坏死和钙化,囊液充分吸收;而吡喹酮主要引起头节和原始体节起泡、破溃和崩解,皮层破坏,平滑肌收缩,吸盘口闭合,死亡的虫体呈扭曲状,囊液吸收不充分。二是阿苯达唑可引起嗜酸性粒细胞增多,但反应较慢;吡喹酮能在较短的时间内引起嗜酸性粒细胞明显增多。三是阿苯达唑治疗组的增长速度比吡喹酮治疗组的快,差异显著,而2治疗组的增长速度均比对照组的快,差异非常显著。总之,阿苯达唑和吡喹酮对兔豆状囊尾蚴病均有较好的疗效,但以前者更好。 相似文献
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Morphological changes to early stage Taenia solium cysticerci following oxfendazole treatment 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The progressive morphological changes to early stage Taenia solium cysticerci following the treatment of pigs with a single therapeutic dose of oxfendazole (30 mg/kg), are described. On Day 1 after treatment, no obvious changes occurred in the general appearance of the larvae but alternations were seen by electron microscope, with an apparent reduction in the number of microtriches, and a complete disappearance of the tegument. Numerous granules were seen to have accumulated in the tegument cells. As treatment progressed, damage to the cysticerci was more serious and, by five days, all cysticerci were seen to be in an advanced stage of degeneration. By 45 days post-treatment, all cysts were calcified. These results suggest that oxfendazole is a highly effective drug against T. solium cysticerci in the early stages of development. 相似文献
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Metabolite concentrations in plasma following treatment of cattle with five anthelmintics 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Plasma concentrations of anthelmintics and their metabolites were determined after cattle were treated at recommended dose rates and routes of administration. Fenbendazole, oxfendazole, febantel, albendazole and thiabendazole were given orally and oxfendazole was also administered with an intraruminal injector. After fenbendazole, oxfendazole and febantel were administered, fenbendazole, oxfendazole and fenbendazole sulphone were all detected in plasma in each case. However, there were marked differences between the three anthelmintics in the peak concentrations and areas under the plasma concentration/time curve (AUC) of these three metabolites. Intraruminal administration of oxfendazole produced higher AUC for fenbendazole and fenbendazole sulphone than did oral administration. Albendazole sulphoxide and sulphone were detected in cattle plasma after albendazole administration but no parent drug was present. These metabolites disappeared more rapidly in cattle than has been reported for sheep. Only 5(6)hydroxythiabendazole was detected in cattle plasma after thiabendazole treatment. 相似文献
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L. F. Le Jambre 《Australian veterinary journal》1979,55(2):65-67
Adult worms from a population of Ostertagia consisting of 88% O. circumcincta and 12% O. trifurcata were found to survive a double drench (14 mg/kg) of levamisole. An anthelmintic assay on this population found that against levamisole the LD50 was 11.95 mg/kg and the LD99 was 67.75 mg/kg. Three benzimidazoles were also tested against this population and the LD50 and LD99 were respectively thiabendazole 11.8 and 144.9 mg/kg, oxfendazole 0.17 and 6.10 mg/kg and albendazole 0.08 and 2.55 mg/kg. The percentage of worms killed by the recommended dose rate was levamisole 24%; thiabendazole 91%; oxfendazole 99% and albendazole 99%. 相似文献
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高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测猪肝中苯并咪唑类药物及其代谢物残留 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
建立了猪肝中阿苯哒唑及其代谢物阿苯哒唑砜、阿苯哒唑亚砜、2-氨基阿苯哒唑砜,噻苯哒唑及其代谢物5-羟基噻苯哒唑,甲苯哒唑及其代谢物氨基甲苯哒唑、5-羟基甲苯哒唑,芬苯哒唑及其代谢物芬苯哒唑砜、等效物奥芬哒唑,氟苯哒唑及其代谢物2-氨基-氟苯哒唑共14种苯并咪唑类药物及其代谢物残留检测的高效液相色谱-串联质谱方法。样品用乙酸乙酯提取,MCX固相萃取柱净化。WatersXterraC18色谱柱（2．1mm×150mm,5μm）分离,流动相A相为0．1％甲酸乙腈溶液;B相为0．1％甲酸水溶液,梯度洗脱,外标法定量。结果表明,14种苯并咪唑类药物及其代谢物标准溶液在10～1000ng／mL的浓度范围内呈现良好的线性关系,尺。均大于0．99,方法检测限为5斗g／kg,定量限为10μg／kg,14种苯并咪唑类药物及其代谢物在10—200μg／kg添加浓度范围内回收率均70％～120％之间。批内、批间相对标准偏差均小于20％。本方法灵敏、准确,满足食品安全检测法规的要求。 相似文献
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The effect of three albendazole treatments at 5-week intervals, beginning at turnout in April, on cyathostome infections in Shetland ponies was compared with the effect of sequential treatments with albendazole, oxfendazole and oxibendazole. The results showed a substantial reduction in faecal egg output after the first albendazole treatment. Since faecal egg counts remained very low, no estimation of the effect of the second treatment was possible. The third treatment with albendazole and oxibendazole was followed by an increase in faecal egg counts to values of greater than 100 eggs g-1 within 4 weeks. A final albendazole treatment in December, 1 week before necropsy, failed to reduce faecal egg counts. These results suggest resistance to albendazole and oxibendazole in the cyathostome populations of the ponies. The increase in faecal egg counts after the third anthelmintic treatment in July occurred, although overwintered pasture infectivity was very low. The most likely explanation for this increase is resumption of the development of worms which overwintered as inhibited larvae in the host. 相似文献
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Modulations of bovine hepatic microsomal metabolism of benzimidazoles by secondary plant metabolites
Wojciech Karlik Magdalena Ch&#x;opecka Magdalena Bamburowicz‐Klimkowska Marta Mendel 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2019,42(2):222-229
The study was aimed to estimate the effect of plant secondary metabolites present in ruminants diet and phytogenic feed additives on liver microsomal metabolism of albendazole and fenbendazole. The selected phytocompounds comprised of flavonoids (apigenin, quercetin) and saponins (hederagenin, medicagenic acid). The experiments were performed on liver microsomal fraction obtained from routinely slaughtered cows. The intensity of albendazole and fenbendazole metabolism in the presence of flavonoids and saponins was analyzed in equimolar concentration (100 μM). The obtained results revealed that both flavonoids and saponins intensify the metabolism of albendazole and fenbendazole in bovine microsomes. In the case of albendazole, apigenin and quercetin doubled the amount of degraded drug and the amount of produced albendazole sulfoxide. Additionally, both flavonoids increased the amount of produced albendazole sulfone. Saponins, hederagenin, and medicagenic acid intensified the degradation of albendazole (1.8‐fold) and the production of albendazole sulfoxide (twofold). Medicagenic acid inhibited the production of albendazole sulfone. In the case of fenbendazole, the degradation of the drug and the production of oxfendazole were increased four and five times in the presence of saponins and flavonoids, respectively. The enhancement of benzimidazoles’ metabolism caused by the studied plant metabolites could change pharmacokinetics and the efficacy of benzimidazoles’ treatment in cattle. 相似文献
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A field study of calves in their first grazing season tested the efficacy of four long-acting devices--a morantel sustained-release bolus, a levamisole sustained-release bolus, an oxfendazole interval bolus, and an albendazole interval bolus--against Dictyocaulus viviparus. The pasture had been previously contaminated by four calves orally inoculated with infective lungworm larvae. The calves were grazed together with four bolus-treated groups, each comprising four calves. Lungworm infection became patent in the experimentally inoculated calves between 22 and 26 days. Infection in the bolus-treated groups became patent after 54 days. The morantel bolus group excreted the most larvae, followed by the albendazole bolus group, and the levamisole bolus group. The oxfendazole bolus group excreted by far the least larvae. Eosinophil curves and ELISA titres showed that treated groups had essentially the same course of infection. The heavy infection to which the treated calves were exposed produced complete immunity in all groups. Challenge infection of 10,000 larvae at housing did not change any of the test parameters. Post-mortem examination showed only one positive calf with few worms. We concluded that when pastures are heavily infested with lungworm larvae, all boluses prevent severe clinical signs and allow build up of solid immunity, although none completely prevent excretion of larvae. 相似文献
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AIM: To assess the consequences of anthelmintic resistance on commercial sheep farms on liveweight (LW) gains and susceptibility to diarrhoea of growing lambs. METHODS: Five farms with a history of resistance to benzimidazole drenches were selected. On each farm, 150 ewe lambs were randomly allocated to 1 of 3 treatment groups (n=50). Group 1 was treated 5 times at 28-day intervals with oxfendazole (to which nematode resistance had been demonstrated); Group 2 was treated 5 times at 28-day intervals with levamisole or levamisole + oxfendazole (to which nematode resistance had not been demonstrated) and; Group 3 was treated with a combination of slow-release albendazole capsules and oral moxidectin (intended to totally suppress nematode infection). Differentiated faecal egg counts (FECs), FEC reduction tests (FECRT), LW gain and degree of faecal soiling around the breech (dag scores) were determined and compared between groups. RESULTS: Pre-treatment FECs in Group 1 were similar to or slightly lower than those of Group 2. Efficacy of oxfendazole in Group 1 varied between farms and over time within farms, the reduction in FECs after treatment varying from 0% to 95%. The genera identified as resistant on each farm also varied over time. Lambs from Group 3 had lower FECs, lower dag scores and higher growth rates than lambs from Group 2, which in turn had higher LW gains than lambs from Group 1. The overall LW gains during the 5 months of the study were 7.03+/-0.27 kg for Group 1, 8.33+/-0.27 kg for Group 2, and 9.91+/-0.31 kg for Group 3 (mean+/-SEM; means differed significantly from each other, p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The decrease in growth rates associated with the continued use of an incompletely effective anthelmintic were surprisingly small in situations where all lambs grazed together. 相似文献