共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
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胆汁酸是糖脂代谢中的重要调控物质,具有乳化脂肪、促进营养物质吸收、改善肠道微生物组成、调节免疫系统的作用。胆汁酸可以通过调节肠道中的脂肪吸收、胆固醇排泄以及肝脏的胆固醇合成来影响机体的糖脂代谢。此外,胆汁酸还可以影响动物体内胰岛素的敏感性和分泌,从而对血糖水平和胰岛素抵抗产生影响。目前,关于胆汁酸的合成机制以及疾病方面的研究较为完善,但胆汁酸在动物生产中的应用还较少。胆汁酸除促进脂肪的乳化吸收外,在提高生产性能、保护肠道健康、缓解热应激、保护肝脏等方面也具有显著效果。文章从胆汁酸的合成调控、对糖脂代谢的影响以及在动物生产中的应用等方面进行综述,以期为胆汁酸的进一步的开发与利用提供参考。 相似文献
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本文从脂肪的消化吸收过程入手,综述了胆汁酸在其中的作用,同时分析了胆汁酸在促进肝脏功能发挥方面的作用,指出将胆汁酸应用于饲料中具有重要的现实意义。 相似文献
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胆汁酸在动物营养研究中的应用 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
胆汁酸是胆汁的重要成分，在脂肪代谢中起着重要作用。最近几年来，胆汁酸作为一种饲料添加剂，在动物养殖业中的应用越来越广泛。为了在生产实践中更好更有效地选择和利用胆汁酸类产品，本文介绍了胆汁酸的结构组成，营养作用机制以及在饲料中如何更有效地添加使用胆汁酸类产品。1 胆汁酸的组成成分胆汁酸是动物体内胆固醇代谢过程中所产生的一系列固醇类物质，因为主要经由胆囊和胆汁一起排汇到肠道中，并具有酸性，因此统称为胆汁酸。胆汁酸种类繁多，现已从各种动物体内分离到的不同胆汁酸就有14种，如表1所示。不同动物的胆汁酸种类和 … 相似文献
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胆汁酸在动物营养研究中的应用 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
胆汁酸是胆汁的重要成分，在脂肪代谢中起着重要作用。最近几年来，胆汁酸作为一种饲料添加剂，在动物养殖业中的应用越来越广泛。为了在生产实践中更好地选择和利用胆汁酸类产品，本文介绍了胆汁酸的结构组成、营养作用机制以及在饲料中如何更有效地添加使用胆汁酸类产品。１胆汁酸的组成成分胆汁酸是动物体内胆固醇代谢过程中所产生的一系列固醇类物质，因为主要经由胆囊和胆汁一起排泄到肠道中，并具有酸性，因此统称为胆汁酸。胆汁酸种类繁多，现已从各种动物体内分离到的不同胆汁酸就有１４种，如表１所示。不同动物的胆汁酸种类和数量… 相似文献
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胆汁酸(bile acid,BA)是胆汁的主要成分,主要在肝脏中合成,可以清理机体类固醇物质,对肠道脂类物质的吸收发挥重要的作用。肠道微生物是伴随人类进化形成的极为复杂的微生态系统,而BAs的代谢与肠道微生态系统之间有着密不可分的联系。文章依据现有的国内外相关研究对BAs代谢和肠道微生物对畜禽健康的影响进行综述。 相似文献
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胆汁酸作为胆汁的重要成分，由肝以胆固醇为原料进行合成，能在外源食物及相关激素的刺激下与胆汁一同被排入消化道内，具有脂肪乳化、促进肠道吸收脂质、调节肝肠功能、增加能量消耗、改善胰岛素敏感性等作用，一般可通过经典途径和替代途径两种方式进行合成。肠肝循环能将从头合成的胆汁酸重新回收约95%，仅剩余5%会流失，经替代途径进行再补充，从而保障了胆汁酸池的动态平衡，因此，肠肝循环在调节胆汁酸稳态等方面具有重要作用。近年来，随着研究的深入，胆汁酸的代谢与运输机制逐渐明确，参与肠肝循环的转运蛋白功能也更加清晰，其中，法尼酯X受体（FXR）作为重要的核因子能通过与小异二聚体受体（SHP）、视黄酸受体α（RARα）等，联合成纤维细胞生长因子15/19（FGF15/19）对胆汁酸转运蛋白的表达量进行调控，进而影响胆汁酸稳态。本文将对胆汁酸肠肝循环过程中涉及到的重要转运蛋白及FXR对其的调节机制进行阐述，为今后进一步探究胆汁酸功能提供一定的理论基础。 相似文献
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A comparative study was made of biliary and liver lipid compositions during the growth and egg laying periods of the broiler bird. The liver lipids showed high concentrations of triacylglycerols at seven weeks old which increased when egg laying proceeded. At seven weeks old the lipids of the bile also showed high levels of triacylglycerols which decreased with the onset of egg laying but increased slightly as egg laying proceeded. At seven weeks old the fatty acid composition of the bile triacylglycerols differed from that of the liver which in turn was different from that of the liver at the onset of egg laying. In particular the bile triacylglycerols had lower levels of oleic but higher levels of arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids. By the late egg laying period, the fatty acid compositions of the bile and liver triacylglycerols were similar. The unique bile lipid composition and its changes are discussed in relationship to the major features of liver lipid metabolism in the broiler bird and the mechanism of lipid deposition during egg laying. 相似文献
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Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of the antimicrobial carbadox (CX) on bile acid metabolism in the young pig. The pigs were fed a fortified, 19.5% crude protein, corn-soybean meal diet without or with 55 ppm CX. In Exp. I pigs were fed the diets for 28 d, then the level of activity of hepatic cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (CH-7 alpha), the rate-limiting enzyme of bile acid metabolism, was measured. The CX-fed pigs gained faster (P less than .05) and more efficiently (P less than .05) and had lower (P less than .02) CH-7 alpha activity than the control pigs. In Exp. II, pigs ranging in weight from 12 to 15 kg were fitted with indwelling catheters in the hepatic portal (HP) and anterior vena cava (VC) veins. Radiolabeled chenodeoxycholic acid (CDC) was infused into the HP and blood samples from both veins were taken at meal time and hourly for 6 h following six meals over 3 d. Bile was collected 14 d after infusion. Concentrations of lithocholic acid (LC) in the bile and hyodeoxycholic acid (HDC) in the plasma were reduced by dietary CX. Dietary CX did not significantly affect metabolism of plasma CDC or hyocholic acid (HC) as measured by radioactivity. Meal time (0800 vs 1600) affected (P less than .05) plasma CDC radioactivity at all times and the level of HDC radioactivity 2 h post-prandial. There was a meal time X dietary treatment interaction (P less than .02) on plasma HC radioactivity 2 h post-prandial. These data suggest that dietary CX inhibited intestinal microbial degradation of CDC and HC. 相似文献
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Franklyn B. Garry DVM Martin J. Fettman Charles R. Curtis John A. Smith 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1994,8(6):432-438
This study was designed to evaluate serum bile acid measurements as indicatory, of liver function and/or hepatic fat infiltration in dairy cattle. Serum bile acid concentrations were measured in healthy dairy cattle at different stages of lactation after fasting or feeding. Bile acid concentrations were compared with liver fat content and sulfobromophthalein (BSP) half-life (T 1/2). Serum bile acid concentrations were higher in cows in early lactation and with higher daily milk production. Compared with prefasting values, bile acid concentrations were decreased at 8,14, and 24 hours of fasting. Blood samples from fed cows at 1 - to 2-hour intervals had wide and inconsistent variations in bile acid concentration. Because serum bile acids correlated well with BSP T 1/2, it is suggested that both measurements evaluate a similar aspect of liver function. Neither bile acids nor BSP T I correlated with differences in liver fat content among cows. Because of large variability in serum bile acid concentrations in fed cows and the lack of correlation of measured values with liver fat content, bile acid determinations do not appear useful for showing changes in hepatic function in fed cows with subclinical hepatic lipidosis nor serve as a screening test for this condition. 相似文献
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脂滴广泛存在于多种细胞,作为细胞内中性脂质的主要贮存场所。在脂滴表面的磷脂单分子层上镶嵌着多种蛋白,脂滴包被蛋白家族(Perilipins,PLINs)是脂滴表面含量最多蛋白家族。脂滴包被蛋白通过与脂滴表面特异性位点结合,调节脂类存储与水解。脂滴包被蛋白2(Perilipins2,Plin2)作为脂滴包被蛋白家族重要成员之一,对促进细胞内脂滴形成起着重要作用,在脂质储存、脂质代谢的调节、脂肪酸的氧化及炎症反应等多种生理功能中发挥重要作用。本文综述了Plin2基因的结构、表达和参与的生物学路径,以及其在脂质代谢和脂滴形成中的功能,进一步总结了该基因多态性与生产性状的关联性,可为牛科物种Plin2的深入研究提供参考。 相似文献
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OBJECTIVE: To determine whether oral administration of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) to healthy dogs alters the results of the bile acids tolerance test. METHODS: UDCA (15 mg/kg once daily) was administered to 16 healthy dogs for 7 days. Health of the dogs was assessed by clinical examination, haematology, serum biochemistry and a bile acids tolerance test. Normal liver structure was confirmed by histopathology at the end of the study. Bile acids tolerance tests were performed before and at the end of the treatment period, with each dog serving as its own control. For the posttreatment bile acids tolerance test, UDCA was administered at the time of feeding. RESULTS: Pretreatment, the fasted serum total bile acid concentrations ranged between 0 and 9 micromol/L. In the majority of dogs, the postprandial total bile acid concentration was greater than the preprandial value, with a range of 0 to 16 micromol/L. The fasted total bile acid concentration was 0 micromol/L in most dogs (93.75%) after treatment with UDCA. Postprandial serum bile acids also remained within the reference range for the majority of dogs (93.75%) after UDCA treatment. A single dog had a postprandial bile acid concentration above the reference range, but the concentration was within the reference range when the assay was repeated the following day without concurrent administration of UDCA. The pre- and postprandial total serum bile acid concentrations were not significantly affected by UDCA treatment. CONCLUSION: The administration of UDCA does not alter the bile acids tolerance test of normal healthy dogs. 相似文献
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Endogenous bilirubin uptake from plasma and biliary bilirubin excretion were determined in ponies with chronic biliary T-tube fistulas. Excreted bile was quantitatively recovered. Uptake was calculated from the plasma disappearance of 14C-labeled bilirubin. Biliary bilirubin excretion was determined directly in excreted bile. When bile acid excretion was low (during continuous drainage without bile acid replacment), bilirubin excretion was 37% less than uptake. Uptake and excretion were essentially identical when taurocholic acid was infused to replace bile acids. After depletion of the bile acid pool, replacement of bile acids (by taurocholic acid infusion) greatly increased both bilirubin excretion and its biliary concentration for approximately 1 hour. After this initial increase, bilirubin excretion was maintained at a rate approximately 30% greater than the preinfusion rate. Bile acid excretion was found to be essential for normal, endogenous bilirubin excretion. 相似文献
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Evaluation of serum bile acid concentrations for the diagnosis of portosystemic venous anomalies in the dog and cat 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
S A Center B H Baldwin A de Lahunta A E Dietze B C Tennant 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1985,186(10):1090-1094
The serum concentration of bile acids was measured in dogs and cats with portosystemic venous anomalies (PSVA). In 14 dogs, the mean serum bile acid concentration after 12 hours of fasting was 61.7 +/- 68.7 mumol/L (normal, 2.3 +/- 0.4 mumol/L (SEM) and when measured 2 hours after a meal in 15 dogs was 229.9 +/- 87.7 mumol/L (normal, 8.3 +/- 2.2 mumol/L). The fasting serum bile acid concentration was within the normal range in 5 of 14 dogs. The postprandial concentration was determined in 3 of the 5 and in each case increased more than tenfold above the fasting value. The mean fasting serum bile acid concentration in 4 cats was 24.4 +/- 10.1 mumol/L (normal, 1.7 +/- 0.3 mumol/L) and in 2 of the cats increased to a mean of 120.6 mumol/L (normal, 8.3 +/- 0.8 mumol/L) 2 hours after feeding. The bile acid values in patients with PSVA were correlated with values for blood ammonia content, sulfobromophthalein (BSP) retention, and results of conventional tests of hepatic function. Bile acid concentrations were more sensitive than abnormalities in serum enzyme activities or BSP retention and equal in sensitivity to the ammonia tolerance test in detecting hepatobiliary insufficiency. Bile acid measurements were accomplished with less inconvenience to the patient and clinician, than tests of BSP excretion or ammonia tolerance. Used in combination with conventional laboratory tests for hepatic disease, pre- and postprandial serum bile acid concentrations appear to be a sensitive and specific indicator of hepatobiliary dysfunction of value in the diagnosis of PSVA in the dog and cat. 相似文献