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1.
本研究对日本大耳兔初生、２１、３５、６０、９０、１２０、１５０、１８０日龄和成年等不同生长阶段生长发育和繁殖力、肥育性能进行跟踪观察和测定。结果表明，初生至９０日龄生长速度呈直线上升，之后则急剧下降。初生、２１、３５、６０、９０、１２０、１５０、１８０日龄和成年体重分别为６３．５、２３６．８、５１８、１１４７、２０６３．２、２８６８．７、３５０５．６、３９８７．７和４１５９．２ｇ；窝均产仔８．１５只，仔兔２１日龄窝重１９２９．５ｇ，３５日龄断奶成活率９６．９％；肥育期（３５～９０日龄）日增重３３．３ｇ，屠宰率４７．１％，料肉比３．９９；３月龄鲜皮重２４５．０ｇ，皮板面积８８９．３ｃｍ２。由此可见，日本大耳兔繁殖力和母兔哺育力较强，早期生长发育快，符合正常生长发育规律，由于屠宰率和饲料转化率不高，不宜作商品兔生产，但作为杂交母本生产商品兔可取得较好效果  相似文献   

2.
新品系A系兔生长发育及部分特征特性测定   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  
对１２７只五世代的新品系Ａ系兔进行测定,结果表明：Ａ系兔早期增重较快、肉质良好。３５日龄断奶个体重０．７ｋｇ左右,５６日龄重１．３ｋｇ,９０日龄重２．１７ｋｇ,与德国白兔同期体重相近。断奶～５６日龄、５６～９０日龄平均日增重分别为２８ｇ和２６ｇ,幼兔（断奶～９０日龄）成少这９６．０６％,料重比为３．５４１。３月龄Ａ系兔全净率５１．１４％、肉骨比为４．６６：１。兔肉ＰＨ值６．２１,失水率１８．２９％  相似文献   

3.
肉兔强度育肥及杂交性能试验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
用纯种哈白兔作对比试验，筛选出配方Ⅰ可作为肉兔育肥的最佳配合精料，其营养水平为：消化能１３．１４ＭＪ／ｋｇ，粗蛋白２０．８１％，粗纤维６．４５％，钙０．９３％，磷０．４３％；采用每天按体重７％供应精料的方法进行强度育肥，与对照组比较，日增重提高６．５％，耗料降低０．３％，只均毛盈利提高８．１９％。利用新西兰白兔（Ｎ）、加利福尼亚兔（Ｇ）和哈白兔（Ｈ）进行杂交组合测试，以Ｎ♂×ＨＧ♀三元杂交的繁殖和育肥性能最好，杂种优势率（Ｈ）：窝均断奶成活数１４．２０％，３５日龄断奶重３１．２６％。Ｆ１代采用精料配方Ⅰ进行强度育肥，杂种优势率：日增重为１３．２０％，料重比３．１３％，只均毛盈利率１７．４２％。  相似文献   

4.
兔魏梭菌病是兔的一种急性肠道传染病，一般以１～３月龄仔兔易感，但笔者遇到一起以５～３５日龄仔兔发病，死亡率达３０％以上。现将诊治经过简述如下：１发病经过２００１年６月间某专业户饲养肉用母兔１００只，仔兔３００只。５～３５日龄仔兔，大多突然死亡，少数患病兔精神沉郁，蹲着不动，腹部膨胀或磨牙或下痢，经（１～１．５）天死亡。４０日龄以上兔不见发病，共死亡１００多只仔兔。２剖检特征突然死亡的兔仅见小肠充气而膨胀、薄而透明。病程（１～１．５）天，死兔还见胃充满饲料或糜食，胃底粘膜易剥脱，肝脏质脆，膀胱积尿…  相似文献   

5.
箭舌豌豆青干草加精料舍饲育肥羔羊效果   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
本研究采用箭舌豌豆青干草加不同水平的精料进行当年羔羊的舍饲育肥。结果表明：经过９５天的育肥，羔羊屠宰时各组的活重均在２２．３５公斤以上，增重率４２．０－５７．９％，胴体重在９．９３公斤以上，最适精料补饲量为０．１５－０．２０公斤／只、日，每生产１公斤畜产品所需箭舌豌豆青干草量分别为９．６公斤（活重）、１８．７公斤（胴体）和２５．５公斤（净肉），其胴体重较不补饲精料羔羊增长１９．６－２８．６％。  相似文献   

6.
肉兔不同季节育肥效果观察贵州农学院５５００２５朱晓彤，程园，肖超能肉兔３０日龄断奶至９０日龄时期为商品兔的育肥期，每只母兔年提供商品兔的多少和体重大小，是饲养商品兔获得最大效益的关键，不同季节育肥商品兔的效果是不一样的，现将我场９２～９３年间不同季节...  相似文献   

7.
采用饱和盐水漂浮法和ＭｃＭａｓｔｅｒ′ｓ ｍｅｔｈｏｄ 对西宁市苏家河湾兔场球虫病的感染情况进行了调查。结果表明：兔球虫病感染率和ｏ ．ｐ ．ｇ 值分别是：３０ ～４０ 日龄１００ ％ （３５ 只／３５ 只） 。５ ６８５（１ ２００ ～１９ ４００） ；９０ ～１２０ 日龄８６７ ％ （１３ 只／１５ 只） ，１７６０（０ ～７４００） 。球虫种类共发现６ 种：穿孔艾美尔球虫（ Ｅｉｍｅｒｉａ ｐｅｒｆｏｒａｎｓ） ，大型艾美尔球虫（ Ｅ．ｍａｇｎａ） ，中型艾美尔球虫（ Ｅ．ｍｅｄｉａ） ，小型艾美尔球虫（ Ｅ．ｅｘｉｇｎａ） ，肠艾美尔球虫（ Ｅ．ｉｎｔｅｓｔｉｎａｌｉｓ） 和斯氏艾美尔球虫（ Ｅ．ｓｔｉｅｄａｅ） 。  相似文献   

8.
高浓度铁剂对哺乳仔猪生长发育的影响   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
采用随机单位组设计，将１６窝的９６头哺乳仔猪分为３组，每组３２头。试验１组、２组于３日龄分别注射１ｍｌ自制的高浓度铁剂“铁血素１号”（含铁１５０ｍｇ／ｍｌ）、“铁血素２号”（含铁１００ｍｇ／ｍｌ），３组为空白对照。试验结果：３５日龄断奶时，１组和２组的日增重分别比对照组高３６．７６％和３２．３５％（Ｐ＜０．０１）；３日龄时，每１００ｍｌ血液中血红蛋白含量，各组均在９～１０ｇ（Ｐ＞０．０５），到１２、２５、３５日龄时，１组和２组均在１２～１４ｇ，与对照组的６～９ｇ相比差异极显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）；１组、２组的经济效益分别比对照组高３６．１２％和３１．９０％。  相似文献   

9.
齐卡生长兔日粮适宜能量,蛋白水平的 研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  
试验用齐卡新西兰（Ｎ）和德国合成白兔（Ｚ）断奶兔各１８４和１５２只及两种能量（ＤＥ１２兆焦／公斤，１０兆焦／公斤），蛋白平（１８％，１５％），考察了不同日粮营养水平组合，品系与日粮的互作和能量，蛋白互作对齐卡生长兔的影响。结果表明：齐卡兔不同品系的生长速度不同齐卡新丁日增重极显著高于德国合成白兔（２６．６：２１．３克，Ｐ＜０．０１）。上试初始重对日增重无明显影响。不同粮养水平的日粮，日增重亦高。日  相似文献   

10.
禽痢宁是防治雏鸡白痢病和成年鸡腹泻病的特效良药。本品是地衣芽胞杆菌生物制剂，在机体内迅速繁殖，能很快地抑制致病菌生长使机体增强免疫力，达到有效治疗作用。１～６日龄和３５、４５日龄雏鸡日服本品０．０３～０．１ｇ／只和０．１～０．１２ｇ／只，分２次拌料喂饲。连续服用３天为一个疗程。１～６日龄组雏鸡至４２日龄的成活率为９８．３９％和３５、４５日龄组雏鸡至９０日龄的成活率分别为９５．９８％和９５．１９％、成年鸡按每公斤体重日服０．２～０．２５ｇ／只，分２次拌料喂饲，连服２日效果较好；用本品前每天死亡率为０．３５％，应用本制剂后观察１０天，死亡率下降０．２％，治愈率为９９．８％，产蛋率原为６５．７％，用药后２０天产蛋率上升到８０．４％。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

14.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

15.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

16.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

17.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

18.
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors.  相似文献   

19.
<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems.  相似文献   

20.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

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