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一株致仔猪关节炎粪肠球菌的鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对1株分离自关节炎病仔猪的肠球菌进行鉴定。选用常规方法进行染色特性、培养特性观察以及药物敏感性和致病试验,然后利用Vitek-32全自动细菌鉴定系统进行生化特性鉴定,并用PCR方法扩增分离株的16 S rRNA基因,克隆并测序,与GenBank上登录的相关菌株及3个粪肠球菌标准菌株进行16 SrRNA序列比较、同源性分析并构建系统发育树。结果显示,该分离株形态及染色特性与肠球菌一致,对仔猪具有一定的致病性,并对临床常用的7种药物产生了耐受性;Vitek-32生化鉴定和16 S rRNA基因同源性分析及比对结果均显示其为粪肠球菌(E.faecalis)。试验证实了粪肠球菌可导致仔猪关节炎。 相似文献
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利用BIOLOG系统对不同种类细菌鉴定的研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
为完善细菌鉴定工作,本试验通过利用BIOLOG细菌自动微生物分析系统(简称BIOLOG系统)对13株大肠杆菌、15株巴氏杆菌和7株金黄色葡萄球菌进行了鉴定,并与传统方法[1]包括形态学观察、革兰氏染色、生化实验等的鉴定结果进行了比对.实验结果表明,与传统方法相比BIOLOG系统具有准确、快捷、简便的优点,同时也有一定的局限性,从而为BIOLOG系统的更好使用提供了实验依据. 相似文献
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应用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱仪(MALDI-TOF MS)和MALDI-Biotype 3软件对河南分离株肠球菌进行快速鉴定及同源性分析。使用甲酸提取法按照MALDI-TOF-MS要求进行样品制备,点靶并获取样品质谱图;运用Biotyper分析软件对所获取的质谱图进行鉴定和同源性分析。同时用Vitek-2全自动微生物鉴定系统进行辅助分析鉴定。结果显示,应用MALDI-TOF-MS方法鉴定的33株肠球菌中粪肠球菌13株,屎肠球菌20株,且可信度分值大于2.300,能完全鉴定到种的水平。PCA聚类分析显示,与屎肠球菌相比,粪肠球菌的亲缘关系更近一些。而Vitek-2对屎肠球菌的鉴定结果差异较大。结果表明,MALDI-TOF MS对肠球菌的快速鉴定和同源性分析,操作快速简便,准确率高,有利于兽医临床快速诊断,将成为兽医微生物常用诊断工具。 相似文献
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选用通过常规生理生化特性鉴定的疑似粪肠球菌菌株3株,采用16S rDNA的通用引物对其可变区基因进行克隆、测序和同源性比对,并用CLUSTAL和MEGA软件分析其遗传距离并构建系统进化树.结果表明,此3株菌株通过同源性比对,与GenBank数据库中粪肠球菌的同源性均大于99.8%,经遗传距离分析和系统进化树的构建均表明为粪肠球菌.肠球菌属细菌有40个种,各种之间的生化生理特性差别甚微,在无法通过生化生理特性准确鉴定到种的情况下,用粪肠球菌的16S rDNA全序列的测定及系统进化树的分析是鉴定该菌的一个科学可靠的方法. 相似文献
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2株鸭源肠球菌的鉴定和药敏试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对2株鸭源肠球菌临床分离株和1株粪肠球菌参考菌株的形态特征、培养特性、生理生化特性、对药物的敏感性等生物学特性进行了初步研究。结果表明,3个被检菌株在光学显微镜下呈球形、革兰氏阳性染色和链状排列方式;能在10℃、45℃和6.5%NaCl肉汤等条件下生长,能耐热60℃30min,其特性均符合肠球菌属的特征,各菌株生化反应特性均与粪肠球菌特性基本一致,3个菌株均可鉴定为粪肠球菌。药敏试验结果表明,3个菌株均对青霉素、万古霉素、庆大霉素和左氟沙星高度敏感,而对四环素耐药。 相似文献
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对上海地区1个规模化养猪场和1个规模化养鸡场分离鉴定的40株粪肠球菌,采用微量肉汤稀释法对12种抗菌药物进行药敏试验,采用Riboprinter®微生物基因指纹鉴定系统检测分离菌株的基因指纹图谱,分别检测分离菌株中的核糖体型和耐药性。结果表明,在40株粪肠球菌中,80%以上为多重耐药菌株,有4株猪源粪肠球菌对万古霉素耐药,其中有2株表现为对万古霉素高度耐药（MIC>64 mg/L）,且对链霉素和庆大霉素同时表现为高度耐药（MIC>2 048 mg/L）。从耐药表型和核糖体分型共同分析粪肠球菌的耐药性,发现多重耐药性严重,同一核糖体型菌株的耐药表型并非完全一致。 相似文献
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为了掌握河南省猪、鸡源粪肠球菌的耐药情况,从4个不同地区的规模化养殖场猪、鸡抽取样品480份,通过对细菌的分离培养和纯化,采用PCR和BD Phoenix~(TM)-100全自动微生物鉴定系统对分离的粪肠球菌进行鉴定,并通过微量肉汤稀释法对分离菌株进行药物敏感性分析。结果显示,共分离菌株254株,分离率为52.9%。分离菌株对头孢西丁、泰妙菌素、克林霉素、磺胺异恶唑、红霉素、替米考星等耐药严重,耐药率均在90%以上,90%以上的菌株对7类及7类以上的抗菌药物耐药。表明河南省猪、鸡源粪肠球菌耐药情况严重,食用动物的环境卫生有待进一步改善,防止耐药菌的扩散和蔓延。 相似文献
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试验结合革兰氏染色及16S rRNA分子鉴定,对分离自红原县的17份牦牛粪便样中的肠球菌进行鉴定。结果显示,通过细菌分离纯化及PCR扩增,从牦牛粪便样品中分离出8株疑似肠球菌,分离菌的扩增产物经凝胶电泳后均产生1 500 bp特异性条带。16S rRNA测序结果显示,8株疑似肠球菌中,6株为粪肠球菌,2株为屎肠球菌。同源性比对分析显示,粪肠球菌与参考序列同源性为99.7%~100.0%,屎肠球菌与参考序列同源性为98.2%~99.2%,说明牦牛源肠球菌在遗传进化过程中高度保守。运用K-B纸片法进行药敏试验,结果显示,分离株对氨基糖苷类抗生素耐受性较高,2株屎肠球菌中,11-1-2菌株表现为5重耐药,且该菌株耐万古霉素,粪肠球菌主要表现为3重耐药,药敏结果提示牦牛源肠球菌耐药较严重,应引起高度重视。 相似文献
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Troxel MT Vite CH Van Winkle TJ Newton AL Tiches D Dayrell-Hart B Kapatkin AS Shofer FS Steinberg SA 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):850-859
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma. 相似文献
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Waruiru RM Kyvsgaard NC Thamsborg SM Nansen P Bøgh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Veterinary research communications》2000,24(1):39-53
A survey of gastrointestinal parasite infections of young (<6 months old), immature (6–12 months old) and adult (>12 months old) dairy cattle on 16 farms in Kiambu District, Kenya was conducted during a dry season (September 1991 to January 1992) and during a wet season (March to July 1992). The survey was based on monthly coproparasitological examination of cohorts and worm counts in tracer calves. The effects of age, sex, farm and season on the prevalence and intensity of helminth and coccidial infections were determined. Faecal egg and oocyst counts revealed that the overall prevalences were: strongyles (including trichostrongyles) (85.5%), liver flukes (Fasciola gigantica) (34.0%), coccidia (30.9%) and tapeworms (9.6%). Eight species of the protozoan Eimeria were identified, the most prevalent species being E. bovis and E. zuernii. The most prevalent nematode genera were Haemonchus, Cooperia, Oesophagostomum and Trichostrongylus. Season, farm and age of the animals had a significant (p<0.05) influence on the intensity of infection with strongyles, liver flukes and coccidia, whereas the sex of the animals had no significant (p>0.05) effect on the prevalence or intensity of infections. A higher intensity of infection with strongyles and coccidia was found in the wet season than in the dry season (p<0.05). The age-specific intensity was in the following order: for strongyles, immature animals of 6–12 months of age had the highest egg counts, followed by young calves and adults. Calves had significantly (p<0.05) higher oocyst counts than immatures or adults. Liver fluke egg counts did not differ significant (p>0.05) between immatures and adult cattle. 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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Tsutomu Hashizume Ryunosuke Watanabe Yuki Inaba Ken Sawai Ferenc Fülöp György Miklos Nagy 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(10):1588-1594
The aim of the present study was to clarify the relationship between hypothalamic dopamine (DA) and salsolinol (SAL) for the secretion of prolactin (PRL) in goats. SAL or thyrotropin‐releasing hormone (TRH) was intravenously injected into female goats treated with or without the D2 DA receptor antagonist haloperidol (Hal), which crosses the blood‐brain barrier, and the PRL‐releasing response to SAL was compared with that to TRH. PRL‐releasing responses to SAL, Hal, and Hal plus SAL were also examined after a pretreatment to augment central DA using carbidopa (Carbi) and L‐dopa. The PRL‐releasing response to Hal alone was greater than that to SAL or TRH alone. The PRL‐releasing response to Hal plus SAL was similar to that of Hal alone. In contrast, the PRL‐releasing response to Hal plus TRH was greater than that to TRH or Hal alone. The treatment with Carbi plus L‐dopa inhibited SAL‐ and Hal‐induced PRL secretion. The inhibition of the PRL‐releasing response to SAL disappeared when SAL was injected with Hal. These results indicate that the mechanisms underlying the SAL‐induced PRL response differ from those of TRH, and suggest that hypothalamic DA and its synthesis is associated in part with SAL‐induced PRL secretion in goats. 相似文献
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M Fedida G Dannacher M Perrin J L Martel A Moussa B Perrin 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(1):17-28
The authors describe the procedure of laboratory diagnosis for bovine respiratory diseases: direct diagnosis by isolation and for identification of bacteria or viruses and indirect diagnosis by serological methods. They specify the restraints and limits of this diagnosis and the significance results which are obtained and connected with knowledge of anamnestic information. 相似文献
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Trials with fenbendazole (Panacur, Hoechst India Ltd) were carried out on two commercial farms in subtropical western India to study the response and economics of nematode treatment in adult dairy cows. Milk yield, lactation length, time to first oestrus and worm egg output were monitored in treated and control groups. Treatment reduced the egg count considerably. Treated cows produced 142 litres more milk over 100 days (p<0.05), with extension of lactation length and advancement of time to first oestrus. The economic gain in terms of milk yield far outweighed the cost of anthelmintic used. 相似文献