Equine Melanocytic Tumors: A Retrospective Study of 53 Horses (1988 to 1991)     

Beth A. Valentine 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1995,9(5):291-297

A study of 57 cutaneous melanocytic tumors from 53 horses revealed 4 distinct clinical syndromes: melanocytic nevus, dermal melanoma, dermal melanomatosis, and anaplastic malignant melanoma. Melanocytic nevus and anaplastic melanoma each had histopathologic features that distinguished them from dermal melanoma and dermal melanomatosis. Dermal melanoma and dermal melanomatosis were histologically similar but could be differentiated by their clinical features. Melanocytic nevi were diagnosed in 29 horses with an average age of 5 years; they were solitary, superficial masses that occurred in both grey and nongrey horses, and in which surgical excision was generally curative. Dermal melanomas were diagnosed in 20 horses with an average age of 13 years; all horses of known coat color were grey. Eight horses with an average age of 7 years had 1 or 2 discrete dermal melanomas. Follow-up information was available for 6 horses; metastases occurred in 2 horses, and surgical excision was apparently curative in 4 horses. Dermal melanomatosis was diagnosed in 12 grey horses with an average age of 17 years; all 6 of these horses evaluated had internal metastases. In 2 aged nongrey horses with anaplastic malignant melanoma, the tumors metastasized within 1 year of diagnosis. Two tumors with features of both melanocytic nevus and dermal melanoma remained unclassified.  相似文献   

Determination of uric acid in canine serum and urine by high performance liquid chromatography     

Felice LJ  Dombrovskis D  Lafond E  Bartges J  Osborne CA 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》1990,19(3):86-89

A reproducible high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed for analysis of uric acid in canine serum and urine. The method consists of precipitating serum proteins with phosphotungstic acid prior to HPLC analysis. Urine is analyzed after dilution with buffer. Chromatography is performed on a reversed-phase C-18 column with UV detection at 292 nm. Sensitivity of the method will allow reproducible measurement of uric acid at concentrations of 0.05 mg/dl in serum and 0.1 mg/dl in urine. The HPLC method has been used to quantify hundreds of canine serum and urine samples. The method is superior to UV absorption or colorimetric methods because its lower limit of detection allows measurement of uric acid at concentrations found in canine serum and urine.  相似文献   

Single and multiple dose pharmacokinetics of a novel mirtazapine transdermal ointment in cats          下载免费PDF全文

William Buhles  Jessica M. Quimby  Daizie Labelle  Valentine S. Williams 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2018,41(5):644-651

Single and multiple dose pharmacokinetics (PK) of mirtazapine transdermal ointment applied to the inner ear pinna of cats were assessed. Study 1 was a randomized, cross‐over single dose study (n = 8). Cats were treated once with 0.5 mg/kg of mirtazapine transdermal ointment applied topically to the inner ear pinna (treatment) or administered orally (control) and then crossed over after washout. Plasma was collected predose and at specified intervals over 96 hr following dosing. Study 2 was a multiple dose study (n = 8). Cats were treated daily for 14 days with 0.5 mg/kg of mirtazapine transdermal ointment applied topically to the inner pinna. Plasma was collected on Day 13 predose and at specified intervals over 96 hr following the final dose. In Study 1, single transdermal administration of mirtazapine resulted in mean T_max = 15.9 hr, C_max = 21.5 ng/mL, AUC_0‐24 = 100 ng*hr/mL, AUC_0‐∞ = 260 ng*hr/mL and calculated half‐life = 26.8 hr. Single oral administration of mirtazapine resulted in mean T_max = 1.1 hr, C_max = 83.1 ng/mL, AUC_0‐24 = 377 ng*hr/mL, AUC_0‐∞ = 434 ng*hr/mL and calculated half‐life = 10.1 hr. Mean relative bioavailability (F) of transdermal to oral dosing was 64.9%. In Study 2, daily application of mirtazapine for 14 days resulted in mean T_max = 2.1 hr, C_max = 39.6 ng/mL, AUC_0‐24 = 400 ng*hr/mL, AUC_0‐∞ = 647 ng*hr/mL and calculated half‐life = 20.7 hr. Single and repeat topical doses of a novel mirtazapine transdermal ointment achieve measurable plasma concentrations in cats.  相似文献   

Morphologic and biochemical characterization of hyperextension of the metacarpophalangeal and metatarsophalangeal joints in llamas     

Reed SK  Semevolos SA  Rist PK  Valentine BA 《American journal of veterinary research》2007,68(8):879-885

OBJECTIVE: To determine the morphologic and biochemical characteristics of hyperextension of the metacarpophalangeal and metatarsophalangeal joints in llamas. ANIMALS: 12 adult llamas (6 with bilateral hyperextension of the metacarpophalangeal or metatarsophalangeal joints and 6 age- and sex-matched control llamas). PROCEDURES: Llamas were evaluated by use of lameness examination, ultrasonography, and radiography. A CBC, serum biochemical analysis, and determination of concentrations of trace minerals in serum and liver samples were performed. Llamas were euthanized, and samples of the superficial digital flexor tendon, deep digital flexor tendon, and suspensory ligament were obtained from 4 areas and snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen or suspended in neutral-buffered 10% formalin. Immunohistochemical evaluation of collagen types I and III and assays for measurement of lysyl oxidase activity were performed. RESULTS: 2 affected llamas had a visible gait deficit associated with metacarpophalangeal joint hyperextension. Radiographic evidence of osteoarthritis was detected in 1 severely affected llama, and ultrasonographic changes of soft tissue mineralization and suspensory desmitis were observed in 2 llamas. Liver concentrations of copper were lower and serum concentrations of zinc higher in affected llamas, compared with values in control llamas. Lysyl oxidase activity and collagen distribution did not differ significantly between groups. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Hyperextension of the metacarpophalangeal or metatarsophalangeal joints in llamas does not appear to be the result of injury or degeneration of the suspensory ligament or flexor tendons. Lower copper concentrations coupled with higher zinc concentrations in affected llamas may be indicative of secondary copper deficiency.  相似文献   

Efficient plant regeneration via organogenesis in “Egusi” melon (Colocynthis citrullus L.)     

Valentine Otang Ntui  Gunaratnam ThirukkumaranShunsuke Iioka  Masahiro Mii 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009

Plant regeneration protocol of “Egusi” melon (Colocynthis citrullus L.) was established using three local (“Ejagham”, “Sewere” and “Barablackedge”) and one improved (NHC1-130) cultivars. Cotyledonary explants of different lengths (1/2, 1/4 and 1/6) excised from 4- or 8-day-old seedlings germinated in vitro were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BA). The best results were obtained when cotyledons from 4-day-old seedlings were cut into 2 (1/2) halves. Plant regeneration was optimal on medium containing 5 mg/l BA, yielding 86.3%, 77.0% and 76.3% shoot induction frequencies amongst the three local cultivars of “Ejagham”, “Sewere” and “Barablackedge”, respectively. In NHC1-130, the highest shoot induction frequency (85%) was obtained on medium containing 2 mg/l BA. Adventitious shoots were elongated on medium containing 0.1 mg/l BA and successfully rooted on hormone-free MS medium. Flow cytometric analysis revealed 70% of the plants to be diploid.  相似文献   

Rapid wastage of Alaska glaciers and their contribution to rising sea level   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Arendt AA  Echelmeyer KA  Harrison WD  Lingle CS  Valentine VB 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,297(5580):382-386

We have used airborne laser altimetry to estimate volume changes of 67 glaciers in Alaska from the mid-1950s to the mid-1990s. The average rate of thickness change of these glaciers was -0.52 m/year. Extrapolation to all glaciers in Alaska yields an estimated total annual volume change of -52 +/- 15 km3/year (water equivalent), equivalent to a rise in sea level (SLE) of 0.14 +/- 0.04 mm/year. Repeat measurements of 28 glaciers from the mid-1990s to 2000-2001 suggest an increased average rate of thinning, -1.8 m/year. This leads to an extrapolated annual volume loss from Alaska glaciers equal to -96 +/- 35 km3/year, or 0.27 +/- 0.10 mm/year SLE, during the past decade. These recent losses are nearly double the estimated annual loss from the entire Greenland Ice Sheet during the same time period and are much higher than previously published loss estimates for Alaska glaciers. They form the largest glaciological contribution to rising sea level yet measured.  相似文献   

Hamlin county seed treatment survey     

George H. Valentine 《American Journal of Potato Research》1926,3(3):92-93

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The potato situation     

F. Jensen  J. M. Hurley  Walter M. Peacock  Julian A. Dimock  J. B. R. Dickey  J. W. Weston  Geo W. Musgrave  E. V. Hardenburg  George H. Valentine  Wm. H. Martin 《American Journal of Potato Research》1925,2(4):133-174

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Seed potato certification notes     

C. H. Godwin  N. B. Fredericton  Worth G. Coney  M. F. Barrus  G. G. Valentine  Harold L. Bailey 《American Journal of Potato Research》1924,1(13):305-310

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Clinical and pathologic findings in two draft horses with progressive muscle atrophy, neuromuscular weakness, and abnormal gait characteristic of shivers syndrome     

Valentine BA  de Lahunta A  Divers TJ  Ducharme NG  Orcutt RS 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1999,215(11):1661-5, 1621

Two Belgian geldings, 4 and 14 years old, respectively, with muscle atrophy, weakness, and abnormal gait characteristic of severe advanced shivers were examined clinically and on necropsy. Neurologic examination revealed no evidence of ataxia, and the clinical diagnosis was neuromuscular weakness and shivers. Necropsies of both horses, including examination of pituitary, brain, spinal cord, spinal roots and ganglia, and peripheral nerves, revealed no gross or histologic abnormalities. Examination of multiple skeletal muscle specimens revealed chronic myopathic changes and periodic acid-Schiff positive, amylase-resistant inclusions within muscle fibers, characteristic of equine polysaccharide storage myopathy. It is suggested that underlying metabolic myopathy may be the cause of muscle weakness and cramping in horses with shivers.  相似文献