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Eurasian Soil Science - Immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) has been used to fractionate organic compounds in alkaline extracts from forest soils of the Komi Republic by their ability... 相似文献
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N. A. Nizovtsev V. A. Kholodov V. A. Ivanov Yu. R. Farkhodov A. A. Dymov 《Eurasian Soil Science》2017,50(9):1048-1054
Specific features of organic matter, molecular composition and distribution of oxygen-containing nonspecific organic compounds (fatty acids, long-chain aliphatic alcohols, and ketones) were revealed in two peat soils on slopes of the Subpolar Urals: the eutrophic peat soil of the spring mire (Hemic Histosols) and the peat soil of a slope mire (Fibric Histosols). Compounds that can serve as molecular markers for some evolutionary stages of peats were determined for this area. Based on the data obtained, the most probable causes of differences in the composition of organic compounds in the peats studied were found to be the following: environmental conditions, water and mineral regime of bog, and differences in the composition of peat-forming plants. 相似文献
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The morphology and physicochemical properties of mountain-tundra and mountain-forest soils of the Subpolar Urals are analyzed. Gleyic humus-illuvial podburs, in combination with humus-illuvial podburs and raw-humus gleyzems, predominate in the mountain-tundra zone; permafrost-affected gleyzems and peat gleyzems with a shallow (30–50 cm) permafrost table are developed on colluvial fans at the foots-lopes. Iron-illuvial podzols, iron-illuvial svetlozems, eluviated burozems, texture-differentiated podzolic soils with a microprofile of a podzol, and gleyed peat-podzolic soils occur in the mountain-forest zone. The organic carbon and nitrogen pools in the soils considerably vary depending on the soil type and local landscape conditions. The organic carbon pool stored in the upper 50 cm of the soil profile varies from 7.7 to 39.3 kg/m2 in the mountain-tundra soils and from 6.5 to 11.8 kg/m2 in the mountain-forest soils. The corresponding values for the nitrogen pool are 0.4–2.4 and 0.4–0.8 kg/m2, respectively. 相似文献
4.
Specific features of the soil formation in the Polar Urals related to the slope aspects, parent rocks, and vegetation are
considered using the example of the Enganepe Ridge. Soils of the same type (humus-illuvial podburs and podzolized podburs)
are formed under the severe climatic conditions of the mountain tundra belt irrespective of the slope aspect. The main differences
in the prevalent soils are manifested in the mountain belt of sparse forests. Under the sparse larch forests on the southeast-facing
slope, illuvial-humus-iron podzols predominate. On the south-facing slope under the sparse spruce forests, clay-illuviated
illuvialhumus-iron podzols alternate with mucky-dark humus soddy lithozems. Burozems are formed in a few ecological niches.
The richness of the parent rocks, along with the southern slope aspect and the transitional-accumulative nutrient transfer,
is shown to promote the formation of sparse spruce forests under the climatic conditions of the Polar Urals. 相似文献
5.
The results of temperature monitoring in podzolic soils under the middle-taiga bilberry spruce forest and secondary mixed forest of the Komi Republic performed in 2008–2014 are presented. The changes in characteristics of soil temperature in the litter horizon and in the mineral horizons at the depths of 20 and 50 cm are outlined. It is shown that soil temperature regimes differ under the native spruce forest, young growth, and middle-aged secondary mixed forest. The soils of secondary phytocenoses are warmed up to a greater depth and are characterized by the higher heat supply. The differences are seen in a number of temperature parameters, such as the accumulated temperatures above 5°C and above 10°C at the depths of 20 and 50 cm. The most significant differences between the studied plots manifest themselves in the values of temperature amplitudes during the warm season. Maximum values of daily temperature amplitudes were obtained on the plot under young growth, whereas the soil under the middle-aged mixed forest was characterized by minimum values of daily temperature amplitudes. 相似文献
6.
A. A. Dymov 《Eurasian Soil Science》2017,50(7):780-790
Data on the impact of tree logging in boreal forests of Russia on soils are systematized. Patterns of soil disturbances and transformation of microclimatic parameters within clearcutting areas are discussed. Changes in the conditions of pedogenesis in secondary forests are analyzed. It is suggested that the changes in forest soils upon reforestation of clearcutting areas might be considered as specific post-logging soil successions. Data characterizing changes in the thickness of litter horizons and in the intensity of elementary pedogenic processes, acidity, and the content of exchangeable bases in soils of clearcutting areas in the course of their natural reforestation are considered. The examples of human-disturbed (turbated) soil horizons and newly formed anthropogenic soils on clearcutting areas are described. It is suggested that the soils on mechanically disturbed parts of clearcutting areas can be separated as a specific group of detritus turbozems. 相似文献
7.
Morphological features, physicochemical properties, and specific characteristics of the organic matter of cryozems (Cryosols) under postpyrogenic larch forests affected by fires 2, 6, 22, 55, and 116 years ago are considered. The morphological changes in the soils affected by fires are manifested by the burning of the upper organic horizons with preservation of pyrogenic features in the soils for more than a century after the fire. In the first years (2 and 6 years) after the fire, the acidity of the organic horizons and their base saturation become lower. The postpyrogenic soils are characterized by the smaller contribution of the organic horizons to the total pools of soil organic carbon. In the studied cryozems, the organic carbon content is correlated with the contents of oxalate-extractable iron and aluminum. A decrease in the content of water-soluble organic compounds in the soils is observed after the fires; gradually, their content increases upon restoration of the ground cover. 相似文献
8.
Yudina A. V. Fomin D. S. Valdes-Korovkin I. A. Churilin N. A. Aleksandrova M. S. Golovleva Yu. A. Phillipov N. V. Kovda I. V. Dymov A. A. Milanovskiy E. Yu. 《Eurasian Soil Science》2020,53(11):1579-1595
Eurasian Soil Science - The existing classifications of soil texture are based on the sedimentation data. The aim of this article is to consider the ways to develop soil textural classification on... 相似文献
9.
The changes in the morphological, physicochemical, and chemical properties of iron-illuvial podzols under middle-taiga dwarf shrub-green moss pine forests in the first months after fires are examined. It is shown that forest fires are accompanied by changes in the morphology of the litter horizons, their compaction, and by changes in the chemical properties of the soils. The data on the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) indicate a significant increase in the contents of chrysene, fluorene, naphthalene, pyrene, and anthracene in the Opyr(L) horizon in comparison with the litters in the background pine forest. The total PAH content in the O(F)pyr horizon increases mainly at the expense of di- and tri-nuclear PAHs (naphthalene and fluorene). The mineral soil horizons in the burnt area become enriched in the most mobile amphiphilic fractions of the organic matter, which is seen from the increase in the absolute and relative contents of the hydrophilic fractions, which might be represented by the products of combustion of fresh plant remains and litter. 相似文献
10.
The specific features of the formation of soils and soil-like bodies on technogenic substrates in Vorkuta—a polar city specializing in coal mining—are characterized. According to the new Russian soil classification system, these soils are classified as urbanozems (urban soils) and constructozems (soil-like bodies constructed by humans); the latter are subdivided into recreazems (soil-like bodies of recreation zones) and replantozems (soil-like bodies of reclaimed urban areas with planted vegetation). They are characterized by the increased content of heavy metals and by some alkalization of the upper soil horizons in comparison with the natural background soils. The benz(a)pyrene content in most of the soil samples exceeds the maximum permissible concentration (MPC). The maximum levels of the soil contamination with benz(a)pyrene reach 80 MPCs. According to the total contamination index calculated relative to the background concentrations of the major contaminants, the upper horizons of the investigated soils and soil-like bodies are qualified as ecologically hazardous and extremely hazardous bodies. 相似文献