Early‐stage screening for heat tolerance in cotton          下载免费PDF全文

Ufuk Demİrel  Osman Çopur  Atİlla Gür 《Plant Breeding》2016,135(1):80-89

The study aimed to identify early‐stage traits of cotton for heat tolerance using multitrait approach reflecting field yield performance. Seedling growth and physiological response of 16 cultivars to high temperature were investigated at three different developmental stages and four heat stress conditions in a climate chamber. Some traits such as hypocotyl dry weight, leaf pigment contents and cellular respiration were significantly correlated with previously known yield of ten cultivars grown in the hot field conditions. Sixteen cotton cultivars were classified for their heat tolerance by principle component analysis (PCA) using yield‐correlated physiological traits. As a result, we showed that heat tolerance classification of cultivars based on PCA significantly coincided with the yield results of cultivars grown in hot field. As a conclusion, yield‐correlated physiological traits determined in the study may facilitate selection of heat‐tolerant cotton genotypes at early stage. In addition, yield‐correlated early‐stage traits can be used in phenotyping for QTL and association mapping studies to develop selection markers for heat tolerance.  相似文献   

Genetic mapping and inheritance of Russian wheat aphid resistance gene in accession IG 100695          下载免费PDF全文

Fatma Aykut Tonk  Deniz İştipliler  Muzaffer Tosun  Ferit Turanli  Hülya İlbi  Mehmet Çakir 《Plant Breeding》2016,135(1):21-25

The Russian wheat aphid (RWA), Diuraphis noxia (Kurdjumov), is an important pest of small‐grain cereals, particularly wheat, worldwide. The most efficient strategy against the RWA is to identify sources of resistance and to introduce them into susceptible wheat genotypes. This study was conducted to determine the mode of inheritance of the RWA resistance found in ICARDA accession IG 100695, to identify wheat microsatellite markers closely linked to the gene and to map the chromosomal location of the gene. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) marker scores were identified in a mapping population of 190 F₂ individuals and compared, while phenotypic screening for resistance was performed in F_2 : 3 families derived from a cross between ‘Basribey’ (susceptible) and IG 100695 (resistant). Phenotypic segregation of leaf chlorosis and rolling displayed the effect of a single dominant gene, temporarily denoted Dn100695, in IG 100695. Dn100695 was mapped on the short arm of chromosome 7D with four linked SSR markers, Xgwm44, Xcfd14, Xcfd46 and Xbarc126. Dn100695 and linked SSR markers may be useful for improving resistance for RWA in wheat breeding.  相似文献   

Effect of thermal treatment of potato products on nutrient decomposition in the digestive tract of swine. 2. Nutrient content and bacterial activity in various parts of the intestine     

M Meinl  J Wünsche  U Hennig  T V?lker 《Archives of Animal Nutrition》1987,37(7-8):569-582

Dry matter (DM), starch, crude protein (CP), amino acids (AA) and diaminopimelic acid (DAPA) were estimated in the contents of the digestive tract of slaughtered pigs, which were fed a basal diet with raw (rKSt) or with cooked (QuSt) potato starch. When fed rKSt, there was larger quantities of starch and DAPA in the content of the distal small intestine and also of DM, CP, AA and DAPA in the contents of caecum and proximal colon, compared to QuSt. The bacterial breakdown of the raw potato starch granules in the proximal large intestine is shown by microscopic examinations. It is suggested, that the quantity of bacterial protein excreted in the faeces did not allow to quantify the extent of the bacterial activity in the different segments of the digestive tract.  相似文献   

Nuclear regions and their cytology in the accipital hypothalamus area of the guinea pig (Cavia porcellus L.)     

H V?lker 《Archiv fuer experimentelle veterinaermedizin》1969,23(1):81-100

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Absorption and utilization of amino acids infused into the cecum of growing pigs. 2. 15N-labeled lysine     

K Krawielitzki  R Schadereit  T V?lker  H D Bock 《Archives of Animal Nutrition》1982,32(7-8):445-454

Over a period of 4 days 15N-labelled lysine was infused into two growing female pigs (live weight approximately 50 kg) through a caecal cannula. The feeding was restrictive (1,400 g dry matter/day) and, with regard to lysine, it didn't meet the requirement. In a 7-day experiment the N- and 15N-content was measured periodically in the excretions (feces and urine), in various fractions of the blood and in selected slaughtering samples. From the infused 15N 3-5% are excreted as lysine in feces, another 5% are in other amino acids of the bacteria protein. The disappearance rate of 15N' from the large intestine makes greater than or equal to 90%. The biggest part of this 15N (78-88%) is excreted with the urine in form of 15N-urea. Obviously the infused amino acid is decomposed to NH3 in the large intestine and then absorbed. The absorbed ammonia is changed into urea in the ornithine cycle and excreted in urine. The recovery rate of the 15N infused as 15N-lysine is 93 and 84% resp. Incorporation of 15N in to serum protein or other body protein could not be detected so that the remaining difference of 7-16% cannot necessarily be interpreted as incorporation rate of 15N into the body protein. Under practical conditions the maximal utilisation of lysine from the feed in the large intestine is 1.6% and should thus be without importance.  相似文献   

The Effect of Nitric Oxide Inhibition and Temporal Expression Patterns of the mRNA and Protein Products of Nitric Oxide Synthase Genes During In Vitro Development of Bovine Pre-implantation Embryos     

D Tesfaye  A Kadanga  F Rings  K Bauch  D Jennen  K Nganvongpanit  M Hölker  E Tholen  S Ponsuksili  K Wimmers  M Montag  M Gilles  G Kirfel  V Herzog  K Schellander 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2006,41(6):501-509

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An improved method for preparing Agrobacterium cells that simplifies the Arabidopsis transformation protocol     

Elke Logemann  Rainer P Birkenbihl  Bekir Ülker  Imre E Somssich 《Plant methods》2006,2(1):16-5

Background  

The Agrobacterium vacuum (Bechtold et al 1993) and floral-dip (Clough and Bent 1998) are very efficient methods for generating transgenic Arabidopsis plants. These methods allow plant transformation without the need for tissue culture. Large volumes of bacterial cultures grown in liquid media are necessary for both of these transformation methods. This limits the number of transformations that can be done at a given time due to the need for expensive large shakers and limited space on them. Additionally, the bacterial colonies derived from solid media necessary for starting these liquid cultures often fail to grow in such large volumes. Therefore the optimum stage of plant material for transformation is often missed and new plant material needs to be grown.  相似文献   

SNP allele frequency estimation in pooled DNA of Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande, 1895) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) by next-generation sequencing     

Şahin Negiş  İnci  İkten  Cengiz  Ünlü  Levent 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2023,130(1):57-65

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Next-generation sequencing combined with bioinformatic analysis has become an instrumental tool for quick and reliable SNP discovery in genomes. Here, we...  相似文献   

Development and assessment of a novel servo-controlled spraying system for real time adjustment of the orientation angle of the nozzles of a boom sprayer     

Ali Bayat  Medet İtmeç  Ömer Barış Özlüoymak 《Pest management science》2023,79(11):4439-4450

Background

Pesticide spray drift, which is the movement of pesticide by wind to any location other than the intended area, is hazardous to human, animal, food safety and environmental health. It is not possible to completely eliminate spray drift during spraying with field crop sprayers, but spray drift can be reduced by developing new technologies. The most common methods to reduce spray drift are carrying the droplets to the target with air-assisted spraying, electrostatic spraying, preferring air induction nozzles and boom shields. With these methods, it is not possible to make a change on the sprayer depending on the wind intensity during spraying. In this study, a novel servo-controlled spraying system was designed and developed to change the nozzle orientation angle in the reverse direction of the wind current to reduce the ground spray drift in real time and automatically in a wind tunnel. The displacement in the spray pattern (D_c) was used as a ground drift indicator for each nozzle to evaluate the spray drift.

Results

The developed system, operated by LabVIEW software, calculated different nozzle orientation angles depending on nozzle types, wind velocities and spraying pressures. Orientation angles calculated for different test conditions achieved in reduction were up to 49.01% for XR11002 nozzle, 32.82% for AIXR11002 nozzle and 32.31% for TTJ6011002 nozzle at 400 kPa spray pressure and 2.5 m s⁻¹ wind velocity.

Conclusion

The developed system, which has a self-decision mechanism, calculated the nozzle orientation angle instantaneously according to the wind velocity. It has been observed that the adjustable spraying nozzle system, sprayed with high precision towards the wind in the wind tunnel, and the developed system have advantages compared to conventional spraying systems. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.  相似文献   

Involvement of Colletotrichum coccodes causing atypical symptoms of potato tubers in Turkey     

Çakır  Emel  Karahan  Aynur  Kurbetli  İlker 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2019,126(2):173-176

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - In 2015 and 2017, potato storages were surveyed for the prevalence of atypical potato tuber rots in Nevşehir and Isparta Provinces of Turkey. About...  相似文献