A Novel Pretreatment Method of Lignocellulosic Material as Adsorbent and Kinetic Study of Dye Waste Adsorption     

Ling Wei Low  Tjoon Tow Teng  Anees Ahmad  Norhashimah Morad  Yee Shian Wong 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2011,218(1-4):293-306

Sulphuric acid-modified bagasse has been used as low-cost adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solution. In order to remove organic compounds that contribute to chemical oxygen demand (COD), pretreatment with thorough washing of adsorbent using boiling distilled water was performed instead of conventional washing using distilled water at room temperature only. This has resulted in the highest efficiency of color removal of 99.45% and COD reduction of 99.36% for MB dye solution at pH 9. Effects of initial pH, dye concentration, adsorbent dosage, temperature, and contact time have been studied. The adsorption of MB dye was pH dependent. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were tested on the adsorption data. The kinetic experimental data were analyzed using pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, and the intraparticle diffusion model in order to examine the adsorption mechanisms. The adsorption process followed the Langmuir isotherm as well as the Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The process was found to be endothermic in nature.  相似文献   

secretion of the major progesterone-induced proteins of the sheep uterus by caruncular and intercaruncular endometrium of the pregnant ewe from days 20–140 of gestation     

D. C. Stephenson  M. V. Leslie  B. G. Low  G. R. Newton  P. J. Hansen  F. W. Bazer 《Domestic animal endocrinology》1989,6(4):349-362

An experiment was performed to evaluate the types and quantity of proteins secreted by intercaruncular endometrium at days 20, 60, 100 and 140 of gestation and caruncular endometrium from days 100 and 140 of gestation. Tissues were obtained from ewes made unilaterally pregnant. Based on SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), the major proteins present in uterine fluid at days 60–140 of gestation were the uterine milk proteins (UTM-proteins), a pair of structurally-related, progesterone-induced polypeptides with molecular weights of 55,000 and 57,000. These proteins were also present in uterine fluid at day 20, but the major protein at this time migrated coincident with albumin. Cultured explants of endometrium at all days of pregnancy produced UTM-proteins as their major radiolabelled product for both caruncular and intercaruncular endometrium. The amount of protein secretion in vitro was greater (P<.04) for intercaruncular endometrium than for caruncular endometrium but was not significantly affected by stage of gestation or local presence of the conceptus. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that UTM-proteins were present in glandular and luminal epithelium of intercaruncular endometrium and in both epithelial and stromal elements of caruncular endometrium. It was concluded that the UTM-proteins are produced earlier than previously described (i.e., day 20). In addition, caruncles contribute to the uterine secretory protein milieu through the secretion of proteins that are similar to that produced by the glandular intercaruncular epithelium.  相似文献   

Acute nephropathy in young lambs   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

K W Angus  J C Hodgson  B D Hosie  J C Low  G B Mitchell  D A Dyson  A Holliman 《The Veterinary record》1989,124(1):9-14

Acute renal failure was diagnosed by clinical, necropsy and histological criteria in 39 flocks (20 low ground, 13 hill and six marginal upland) in areas served by six veterinary investigation centres. Forty-eight lambs of 12 different breeds or crosses were investigated. The mean age of affected lambs was 38 days (range seven to 84 days); 21 lambs (44 per cent) were aged seven to 28 days, while only eight (17 per cent) were older than two months. Mortality in clinically affected lambs was almost 100 per cent, with no response to various treatments. Histological examination showed that 40 lambs (83 per cent) had nephrosis, while the rest had toxic tubular necrosis, interstitial nephritis or tubular damage associated with oxalate crystal deposits. Only about half of the lambs had any evidence of enteric infections or enteropathy. Acutely ill lambs had azotaemia, haemoconcentration and proteinuria; some lambs had glycosuria or haematuria. Samples of plasma from 22 lambs with nephrosis were compared with similar samples from 82 incontact but asymptomatic lambs. The clinically affected group had significantly elevated plasma urea, creatinine, total protein, globulin, phosphorus and chloride concentrations and significantly reduced plasma calcium concentrations compared with healthy lambs. Affected lambs had a significant reduction also in the calcium:phosphorus ratio. No significant differences between groups was found in plasma concentrations of albumin, glucose, lactate, glycerol, creatine kinase, alkaline phosphatase, sodium, potassium or magnesium.  相似文献   

Use of Lathyrus Sativus L. (var. seminis albi) as a foodstuff for poultry     

R. K‐C. Low  R. G. Rotter  R. R. Marquardt  G. C. Campbell 《British poultry science》1990,31(3):615-625

1. The gross composition of Lathyrus sativus was examined, and its use as a foodstuff for growing chicks over time as well as the influence of supplementation with certain amino acid combinations were studied.

2. Chemical analyses indicated lathyrus to be high in crude protein with adequate concentrations of most inorganic elements and amino acids except methionine and cystine.

3. The performance of growing chicks fed 800 g/kg lathyrus over a four week period was significantly poorer than those given a wheat/ soyabean meal‐based diet (P<0.05), but there appeared to be some adaptation to the antinutritive factors in the lathyrus.

4. Chick performance was markedly improved by dietary methionine supplementation alone (P<0.05); it was slightly better when trypto‐phan was added in combination with methionine but was still inferior to that on a wheat/soyabean meal‐based diet.

5. Supplementation of lathyrus‐based diets with methionine and tryto‐phan may improve chick performance, but it is not sufficient to overcome the effects of antinutritive factors in the legume.  相似文献   

Effect of oestrous synchrony between embryo donors and recipients,embryo quality and state on the pregnancy rate in beef cattle          下载免费PDF全文

MCC Rodrigues  ALM Bonotto  DAV Acosta  AA Boligon  MN Corrêa  CC Brauner 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(1):152-156

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of oestrous synchrony between donors and recipients and the embryo quality on the pregnancy rate in beef cow recipients. The experiment was performed over two years at an embryo transfer (ET ) centre in Southern Brazil. Ninety Aberdeen Angus cows were subjected to superovulation (SOV ) protocols, resulting in the recovery of 1,048 transferable embryos. Eleven groups were formed with intervals of 6 hr, from ?30 to +30 hr, with respect to recipient versus donor oestrous detection. Evaluation of embryo quality was according to the IETS guidelines. The overall pregnancy rate was 52%. Effects related to donor and recipient oestrous synchronization on pregnancy rate were observed (p  =  .01), ranging from 36% to 50%. The embryo quality rate affected the pregnancy rate, where Grade I resulted in 57% and Grade III in 43% of pregnancy (p  <  .001). The embryonic state (frozen or fresh) showed no (p  >  .05) effect on pregnancy rate: 53% for fresh embryos and 44% for frozen embryos. The odds ratio for explanatory variables causing pregnancy indicated that Grade III embryos had 31% less chance of conception compared to Grade I. Thus, oestrous synchrony between donor and recipient, considering ±30 hr apart, can affect the pregnancy rate along with embryo quality.  相似文献   

Mechanisms of alkylpyrazine formation in a potato model system containing added glycine     

Low MY  Parker JK  Mottram DS 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(10):4087-4094

The use of glycine to limit acrylamide formation during the heating of a potato model system was also found to alter the relative proportions of alkylpyrazines. The addition of glycine increased the quantities of several alkylpyrazines, and labeling studies using [2-13C]glycine showed that those alkylpyrazines which increased in the presence of glycine had at least one 13C-labeled methyl substituent derived from glycine. The distribution of 13C within the pyrazines suggested two pathways by which glycine, and other amino acids, participate in alkylpyrazine formation, and showed the relative contribution of each pathway. Alkylpyrazines that involve glycine in both formation pathways displayed the largest relative increases with glycine addition. The study provided an insight into the sensitivity of alkylpyrazine formation to the amino acid composition in a heated food and demonstrated the importance of those amino acids that are able to contribute an alkyl substituent. This may aid in estimating the impact of amino acid addition on pyrazine formation, when amino acids are added to foods for acrylamide mitigation.  相似文献   

Virulence of Streptococcus canis from canine streptococcal toxic shock syndrome and necrotizing fasciitis     

DeWinter LM  Low DE  Prescott JF 《Veterinary microbiology》1999,70(1-2):95-110

The recent recognition of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) and necrotizing fasciitis (NF) in dogs caused by Streptococcus canis highlights our lack of knowledge regarding the mechanisms of virulence of this organism. Fifteen isolates of S. canis from cases of canine STSS and/or NF were examined for the presence of 10 Streptococcus pyogenes-associated virulence genes by Southern hybridizations using gene probes generated by PCR. The isolates lacked DNA with homology to eight of the 10 gene probes (speA, speB, speC, mf, ssa, scp, hasA, ska) under low stringency conditions. Thirteen and 15 of 15 isolates hybridized with streptolysin O and M protein gene probes, respectively. Twelve of 15 S. canis isolates were resistant to phagocytosis in canine blood. Electron microscopy revealed the presence of proteinaceous cell surface fibrillae. These results suggest that S. canis possesses M proteins and encodes streptolysin O, but lacks some of the other recognized virulence genes with significant homology to those in S. pyogenes.  相似文献   

Ranking the risk of pesticide dietary intake     

Low F  Lin HM  Gerrard JA  Cressey PJ  Shaw IC 《Pest management science》2004,60(9):842-848

Pesticide residues in various foods were assessed for the relative risk to the consumer. The analysis took into account criteria such as a pesticide's toxicity, usage, frequency of occurrence in foods, frequency of Maximum Residue Level (MRL) exceedances, and the overall risks of specific pesticide/food combinations. Examination of the top ten ranked pesticides for each criterion showed that there are no trends of commonality. Thus, no single pesticide is of particular concern from a consumer's point of view. This suggests that the consumer's risk perception is likely to be higher than justified.  相似文献   

Melioidosis in an alpaca (Lama pacos)     

Janmaat A  Choy JL  Currie BJ 《Australian veterinary journal》2004,82(10):622-623

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A myopathy of sheep associated with sarcocystis infection and monensin administration     

M Jeffrey  J C Low  A Uggla 《The Veterinary record》1989,124(16):422-426

An outbreak of muscle disease affected approximately 20 of 600 ewes in spring 1987 in south-east Scotland. The clinical signs were a flaccid paralysis of the hind limbs and in severe cases collapse. Serum creatine kinase and aspartate aminotransferase activities were increased. Clinically affected sheep had a mean reciprocal serum antibody titre in a sarcocystis immunofluorescence antibody test of 557 whereas 22 sheep from the same flock, sampled one year earlier, showed a mean reciprocal titre of only 51. Histologically a heavy infestation of sarcocysts, myodegeneration and a non-suppurative myositis centred on degenerating sarcocysts were observed in a wide range of skeletal muscles and myocardium from four affected sheep. Monensin sodium had been inadvertently included in the protein pellet used in the feed for one week before the onset of the disease.  相似文献