Chemotherapy and radiotherapy for treatment of cutaneous lymphoma in a ground cuscus (Phalanger gymnotis)     

Andrea L Goodnight  C Guillermo Couto  Eric Green  Michael Barrie  Gwen Myers 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2008,39(3):472-475

A 15-year-old female ground cuscus (Phalanger gymnotis) was presented with an isolated ulcerated, nonhealing lesion on the lateral thorax. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry were diagnostic for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma with incomplete excision. Oral chemotherapy with CCNU (lomustine) resulted in clinical remission that lasted 255 days, with no appreciable toxicity. Tumor recurrence was treated with radiation therapy, which resulted in 120 additional days of clinical remission. Subsequently, the tumor developed at a distant site and the cuscus was humanely euthanized. A slight decrease in appetite early in disease progression was the only adverse effect noted throughout the treatment period. Oral, minimally invasive chemotherapy, and adjunct radiation therapy were viable treatment options for this ground cuscus and should be considered for treatment of neoplasia in other nontraditional species.  相似文献   

Effects of blood collection for transfusion on arterial blood pressure, heart rate, and PCV in cats     

Iazbik MC  Gómez Ochoa P  Westendorf N  Charske J  Couto CG 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2007,21(6):1181-1184

BACKGROUND: Collection of 50 mL of blood (standard unit) in cats is a common procedure. There are several studies on the health status of donors, but to our knowledge there are no reports on the effects of blood collection on the feline donor. HYPOTHESIS: Collection of a standard unit of blood from cats does not significantly change arterial blood pressure (BP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), systolic arterial pressure (SAP), diastolic arterial pressure (DAP), PCV, and heart rate (HR) in healthy blood donor cats. ANIMALS: Twenty-six healthy blood donor cats (6 spayed females and 20 castrated males). METHODS: An oscillometric method was used to measure MAP, SAP, DAP, and to quantify HR before and after blood collection; PCV was obtained before and immediately after blood collection. RESULTS: Despite a significant decrease (P < .05) in all variables (ie, BP, PCV, HR) after blood collection, no adverse events were observed. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: The collection of a unit of blood for transfusion from healthy donor cats weighing more than 5 kg appears to be safe, but this procedure leads to a decrease in arterial BP, PCV, and HR.  相似文献   

Functional Feeds to Tackle Meagre (Argyrosomus regius) Stress: Physiological Responses under Acute Stressful Handling Conditions     

Marta Monteiro  Carla Sousa  Filipe Coutinho  Carolina Castro  Filipa Fontinha  Inês Guerreiro  Pedro Pouso  Elisabete Matos  Patrícia Díaz-Rosales  Aires Oliva-Teles  Paula Enes  Ana Couto 《Marine drugs》2021,19(11)

Marine algae are recognised sources of bioactive compounds that have attracted great interest as nutritional supplements for aquaculture fish. Intensive rearing conditions often expose fish to husbandry-related stressors, rendering fish more susceptible to disease and reducing production yields. The present work evaluated the potential of two marine algae extracts (Fucus vesiculosus and Nannochloropsis gaditana) as nutritional supplements to mitigate stress effects in meagre (Argyrosomus regius) exposed to an acute handling stress (AS). A plant-based diet was used as a control, and three other diets were prepared, which were similar to the control diet but supplemented with 1% of each algal extract or a combination of the two extracts (0.5% each). The effects of supplemented diets on stress biomarkers, antioxidant enzyme activities, and immune response were analysed in fish exposed to AS after 4 weeks of feeding. Supplemented diets did not affect growth performance but the inclusion of F. vesiculosus promoted higher feed efficiency, as compared to the control group. Dietary algal extracts supplementation reduced plasma glucose levels, increased white blood cell counts, and reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory genes when compared with the control. N. gaditana supplementation led to a reduction in hepatic antioxidant enzyme activity and glutathione levels, while F. vesiculosus supplementation increased muscle glutathione reductase activity and reduced lipid peroxidation. These findings support the potential of algal extracts as nutraceuticals in aquafeeds to enhance the ability of fish to cope with husbandry-related stressful conditions and ultimately improve fish health and welfare.  相似文献   

Short‐term supplementation of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) diets with Nannochloropsis gaditana modulates intestinal microbiota without affecting intestinal morphology and function     

Sara S. Jorge  Paula Enes  Cludia R. Serra  Carolina Castro  Paula Iglesias  Aires Oliva Teles  Ana Couto 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2019,25(6):1388-1398

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Effects of an Enterococcus faecium‐based probiotic on growth performance and health of Pirarucu,Arapaima gigas     

Natalino da Costa Sousa  Mrcia Valria Silva do Couto  Higo Andrade Abe  Peterson Emmanuel Guimares Paixo  Carlos Alberto Martins Cordeiro  Emilly Monteiro Lopes  Jonathan Stuart Ready  Gabriel Fernandes Alves Jesus  Mauricio Latera Martins  Jos Luiz Pereira Mourio  Paulo Csar Falanghe Carneiro  Alexandre Nizio Maria  Rodrigo Yudi Fujimoto 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(12):3720-3728

Intensive fish farming has resulted in an increased concern for disease outbreaks. Probiotic use is one of the strategies being developed to improve fish health and productivity. Measures of probiotic colonization, growth performance, haematological characteristics and parasite load were used to evaluate the effect of diets supplemented with Enterococcus faecium on growth and health of Arapaima gigas juveniles. A completely randomized design with four treatments (diet with E. faecium at 1 × 10⁶ CFU/g and 1 × 10⁸ CFU/g, control diet and diet with the culture medium MRS) and three replicates was used. Ninety‐six Arapaima juveniles were distributed in 12 cages fed with the specified diet for 68 days. Colonization of the intestinal tract by lactic acid bacteria reduced the total number of heterotrophic bacteria in fish fed with probiotics compared to controls. Fish fed a supplemented diet containing 1 × 10⁸ CFU/g presented higher values of weight gain, survival and fish growth uniformity, and lower values of feed conversion ratio. The prevalence of Trichodina sp. could have affected the survival of fish in the control group. Reduction in parasite load and an increase in haematocrit, the number of erythrocytes, thrombocytes, neutrophils and monocytes were also observed in fish fed the diet containing 1 × 10⁸ CFU/g. Enterococcus faecium presented a probiotic effect in A. gigas juveniles and can be recommended for use at a concentration of 1 × 10⁸ CFU/g to modify the gut microbiota, improve growth performance and haematology and reduce parasitic load.  相似文献   

Methods of inoculation and evaluation of Erwinia psidii in eucalypt          下载免费PDF全文

H. G. M. Ferraz  G. A. Demuner  L. M. S. Guimarães  D. A. A. Arriel  A. C. da Silva  N. B. Junior  R. G. Mafia  A. C. Alfenas 《Forest Pathology》2016,46(3):240-247

The dieback and wilting caused by Erwinia psidii are emerging eucalypt diseases that have been observed since 2014 in the south and central‐south regions of Brazil. Field observations have shown variability in disease severity resistance among Eucalyptus spp. clones and species. It is hypothesized that this variability is due to genetic resistance. To confirm this hypothesis, inoculations in genetically distinct eucalypt plants are necessary. However, lack of an inoculation method and disease assessment makes difficult to select resistant genotypes for use in commercial plantations or genetic breeding programmes. Three inoculation methods were tested on eight clones of Eucalyptus spp. Among them, inoculum deposition with bacteria‐impregnated toothpick on the axillary buds was the simplest and most effective, capable to reproduce the disease symptoms observed under conditions of natural infection. We also developed a rating scale for disease assessment. Among eight clones tested, only Clone 1 (Eucalyptus saligna) and Clone 2 (Eucalyptus urophylla) were resistant.  相似文献   

Erysiphe australiana: the cause of powdery mildew on Lagerstroemia speciosa in Brazil          下载免费PDF全文

N. R. Fonseca  L. M. S. Guimarães  R. P. Pires  A. C. Alfenas 《Forest Pathology》2016,46(4):366-368

Powdery mildew symptoms and signs were observed on seedlings of Lagerstroemia speciosa within an ornamental plant nursery in Viçosa, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Signs were most prominent as intense mycelial growth and sporulation on the shoots, new branches and leaves, which led to tissue necrosis. Based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses of ITS and 28S rDNA sequences, the powdery mildew pathogen of L. speciosa was identified as Erysiphe australiana, a well‐known powdery mildew pathogen infecting Lagerstroemia spp. worldwide. To our knowledge, this is the first report of E. australiana causing powdery mildew on L. speciosa in Brazil.  相似文献   

Genetic diversity of the myrtle rust pathogen (Austropuccinia psidii) in the Americas and Hawaii: Global implications for invasive threat assessments          下载免费PDF全文

J. E. Stewart  A. L. Ross‐Davis  R. N. Graҫa  A. C. Alfenas  T. L. Peever  J. W. Hanna  J. Y. Uchida  R. D. Hauff  C. Y. Kadooka  M.‐S. Kim  P. G. Cannon  S. Namba  S. Simeto  C. A. Pérez  M. B. Rayamajhi  D. J. Lodge  M. Arguedas  R. Medel‐Ortiz  M. A. López‐Ramirez  P. Tennant  M. Glen  P. S. Machado  A. R. McTaggart  A. J. Carnegie  N. B. Klopfenstein 《Forest Pathology》2018,48(1)

Since the myrtle rust pathogen (Austropuccinia psidii) was first reported (as Puccinia psidii) in Brazil on guava (Psidium guajava) in 1884, it has been found infecting diverse myrtaceous species. Because A. psidii has recently spread rapidly worldwide with an extensive host range, genetic and genotypic diversities were evaluated within and among A. psidii populations in its putative native range and other areas of myrtle rust emergence in the Americas and Hawaii. Microsatellite markers revealed several unique multilocus genotypes (MLGs), which grouped isolates into nine distinct genetic clusters [C1–C9 comprising C1: from diverse hosts from Costa Rica, Jamaica, Mexico, Puerto Rico, and USA‐Hawaii, and USA‐California; C2: from eucalypts (Eucalyptus spp.) in Brazil/Uruguay and rose apple (Syzygium jambos) in Brazil; C3: from eucalypts in Brazil; C4: from diverse hosts in USA‐Florida; C5: from Java plum (Syzygium cumini) in Brazil; C6: from guava and Brazilian guava (Psidium guineense) in Brazil; C7: from pitanga (Eugenia uniflora) in Brazil; C8: from allspice (Pimenta dioica) in Jamaica and sweet flower (Myrrhinium atropurpureum) in Uruguay; C9: from jabuticaba (Myrciaria cauliflora) in Brazil]. The C1 cluster, which included a single MLG infecting diverse host in many geographic regions, and the closely related C4 cluster are considered as a “Pandemic biotype,” associated with myrtle rust emergence in Central America, the Caribbean, USA‐Florida, USA‐Hawaii, Australia, China‐Hainan, New Caledonia, Indonesia and Colombia. Based on 19 bioclimatic variables and documented occurrences of A. psidii contrasted with reduced sets of specific genetic clusters (subnetworks, considered as biotypes), maximum entropy bioclimatic modelling was used to predict geographic locations with suitable climate for A. psidii which are at risk from invasion. The genetic diversity of A. psidii throughout the Americas and Hawaii demonstrates the importance of recognizing biotypes when assessing the invasive threats posed by A. psidii around the globe.  相似文献   

Severity of Xanthomonas axonopodis leaf blight on eucalypt cuttings under different levels of nutrients          下载免费PDF全文

A. G. Silva  P. S. Machado  N. F. Barros  S. Fonseca  A. C. Alfenas 《Forest Pathology》2018,48(2)

Bacterial leaf blight of eucalypt, caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis, occurs mainly in forest nurseries, but also affects young plants in the field. Avoidance of leaf wetness for long periods of time over the whole nursery and using drip irrigation for clonal hedges are, currently, the most effective measures for controlling bacterial leaf blight on eucalypt. However, as these techniques are very costly, alternative management measures are required. We hypothesized that the management of mineral nutrients could reduce disease severity on eucalypts. To examine this hypothesis, rooted cuttings of Eucalyptus urophylla × E. grandis were irrigated with nutrient solutions containing different concentrations of copper (Cu), boron (Bo), potassium (K), calcium (Ca) and nitrogen (N) before inoculation with X. axonopodis 30 days after starting the nutrient solution treatments. Concentration of K higher than that recommended, commonly used in miniclonal hedges, reduced the severity of bacterial leaf blight. However, disease severity increased with an increasing of N/K ratio. The management of mineral nutrition solution, especially K, has great potential for integrated disease management of X. axonopodis in eucalypt nurseries.  相似文献   

The Renin‐Angiotensin‐Aldosterone System in Greyhounds and Non‐Greyhound Dogs          下载免费PDF全文

J. Martinez  C. Kellogg  M.C. Iazbik  C.G. Couto  B.M. Pressler  T.M. Hoepf  M.J. Radin 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2017,31(4):988-993

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