Ultrasonography and surgery of canine biliary diseases     

Vörös K  Németh T  Vrabély T  Manczur F  Tóth J  Magdus M  Perge E 《Acta veterinaria Hungarica》2001,49(2):141-154

Findings of hepatic and gallbladder ultrasonography were analyzed in 12 dogs with gallbladder and/or extrahepatic biliary tract obstruction and compared with the results of exploratory laparotomy. Hepatic ultrasonography demonstrated normal liver in 2 dogs and hepatic abnormalities in 10 animals. The following ultrasonographic diagnoses were established compared to surgical findings: gallbladder obstruction caused by bile sludge (correct/incorrect: 1/2, surgical diagnosis: choleliths in one case), gallbladder obstruction caused by neoplasm (0/1, surgical diagnosis: mucocele), gallbladder and extrahepatic biliary tract obstruction due to choleliths (3/3), extrahepatic biliary tract obstruction caused by pancreatic mass (1/1) and small intestinal volvulus (1/1). Bile peritonitis caused by gallbladder rupture (4/4) was correctly diagnosed by ultrasound, aided with ultrasonographically-guided abdominocentesis and peritoneal fluid analysis. Rupture of the gallbladder should be suspected in the presence of a small, echogenic gallbladder or in the absence of the organ together with free abdominal fluid during ultrasonography. Laparotomy was correctly indicated by ultrasonography in all cases. However, the direct cause of obstruction could not be determined in 2 of the 12 dogs by ultrasonography alone.  相似文献   

Long term improvement in the treatment of canine leishmaniosis using an antimony liposomal formulation     

Valladares JE  Riera C  González-Ensenyat P  Díez-Cascón A  Ramos G  Solano-Gallego L  Gállego M  Portús M  Arboix M  Alberola J 《Veterinary parasitology》2001,97(1):15-21

Pharmacokinetic and clinical effectiveness of liposome-encapsulated N-methylglucamine antimoniate (LMA) was performed in dogs suffering from experimental leishmaniosis. LMA was compared with N-methylglucamine antimoniate (MGA), the same drug in its free form. Sb plasma concentrations for LMA were always higher than those for MGA. Mean residence time (MRT), half-life time (t(1/2)) and clearance (Cl) showed that Sb was eliminated slower after liposome administration. The high volume of distribution (Vd) obtained with LMA suggests that Sb could achieve therapeutic concentrations in parasite-infected tissues. Average plasma concentration at steady state (Css(ave)) shows that Sb body concentrations after LMA treatment (9.8 mg/kg Sb, each 24h) would be effective in Leishmania infantum canine infection. Comparing LMA with MGA in a 1-year follow-up we observed no relapses for LMA and total protein and gammaglobulin concentrations were within normal range, while for MGA both began to rise 3 months after treatment. Use of antimonial liposomal formulations may restore effectiveness to an existing drug and reduce toxicity.  相似文献   

Nested PCR for diagnosis of canine leishmaniosis in peripheral blood, lymph node and bone marrow aspirates   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Fisa R  Riera C  Gállego M  Manubens J  Portús M 《Veterinary parasitology》2001,99(2):105-111

A nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was developed using primers selected from the genomic DNA of Leishmania infantum and applied to the diagnosis of leishmaniosis in peripheral blood in dogs. Blood of 39 dogs of different breeds, all sampled in Catalonia (Spain), were tested for leishmaniosis by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western blotting (WB) and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) culture and nested PCR. Twenty negative controls (healthy dogs less than 1-year-old that had not been exposed to a sandfly season) were also studied. Nineteen of the 39 dogs studied were positive by ELISA and/or WB, and 18 of these had a positive PBMC nested PCR. PBMC nested PCR was negative in all the remaining animals that were negative by serological examination, including the 20 negative controls. Parasitological examination and nested PCR of bone marrow and lymph node aspirate from the 19 dogs positive by serological examination, were also positive. These results indicate that PBMC nested PCR is a sensitive and specific tool to diagnose leishmaniosis in dogs. The use of PBMC has the advantage over bone marrow and lymph node aspirates in that it is a less invasive sample.  相似文献   

Influence of Temperature and Inoculum Density of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris on Suppression of Fusarium Wilt of Chickpea by Rhizosphere Bacteria     

Landa BB  Navas-Cortés JA  Hervás A  Jiménez-Díaz RM 《Phytopathology》2001,91(8):807-816

The effects of temperature and inoculum density of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris race 5 on suppression of Fusarium wilt in chickpea (Cicer arietinum) cv. PV 61 by seed and soil treatments with rhizobacteria isolated from the chickpea rhizosphere were studied in a model system. Disease development over a range of temperatures (20, 25, and 30 degrees C) and inoculum densities (25 to 1,000 chlamydospores per gram of soil) was described by the Gompertz model. The Gompertz relative rate of disease progress and final amount of disease increased exponentially and monomolecularly, respectively, with increasing inoculum densities. Disease development was greater at 25 degrees C compared with 20 and 30 degrees C. At 20 and 30 degrees C, disease development was greater at 250 to 1,000 chlamydospores per gram of soil compared with 25 to 100 chlamydospores per gram of soil. At 25 degrees C, increasing inoculum densities of the pathogen did not influence disease. Nineteen Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Pseudomonas, and Stenotrophomonas spp. out of 23 bacterial isolates tested inhibited F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris in vitro. Pseudomonas fluorescens RGAF 19 and RG 26, which did not inhibit the pathogen, showed the greatest Fusarium wilt suppression. Disease was suppressed only at 20 or 30 degrees C and at inoculum densities below 250 chlamydospores per gram of soil. Bacterial treatments increased the time to initial symptoms, reduced the Gompertz relative rate of disease progress, and reduced the overall amount of disease developed.  相似文献   

Detection of a tomato strain of Parietaria mottle virus (PMoV-T) by molecular hybridization and RT-PCR in field samples from north-eastern Spain     

L. Galipienso  M. C. Herranz  V. Pallás  J. Aramburu † 《Plant pathology》2005,54(1):29-35

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Dilemma of virulence of Streptococcus suis: Canadian isolate 89-1591 characterized as a virulent strain using a standardized experimental model in pigs   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

Florence Berthelot-Hérault  Marcelo Gottschalk  Hervé Morvan    Marylène Kobisch 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2005,69(3):236-240

Virulence of Streptococccus suis capsular type 2 strain 89-1591 has been controversial in literature. A standardized experimental model with specific-pathogen free piglets was used for a new evaluation of this strain. Twenty-nine piglets were allotted in 4 separated groups. Group 1 consisted of negative control animals which received broth medium. Groups 2, 3, and 4 were intravenously challenged with 2 mL of S. suis, strains 1330, 89-1591, and 166', respectively. The strain 1330 is a recognized avirulent Canadian strain. The strain 166' is a reference French virulent isolate. Pigs inoculated with strain 1330 did not present clinical signs of a S. suis infection. Contamination in organs and bacterial blood circulation were rare and lesions were almost non-existent. Infection of pigs with S. suis strain 89-1591 (group 3) and 166' (group 4) caused severe clinical problems, animals infected with S. suis 166' were the most affected. Pigs presented with clinical signs such as high body temperature, lameness, nervous symptoms, and even mortality. Lesions associated with S. suis were numerous for both strains, but more evident in animals of group 4. It can be concluded that S. suis strain 89-1591 is virulent, although its virulence seems to be lower than that of the French strain. Results of an experimental infection with strain 89-1591 may depend on different factors such as the route of inoculation and the immunological status of the animals used. Using conventional animals, with an unknown status regarding previous S. suis infections, equivocal results may be obtained, and this may explain differences reported by some authors with the same strain.  相似文献   

An in vitro study of hematopoietic progenitor cells from peripheral blood of rabbits          下载免费PDF全文

Pablo Gómez-Ochoa  Francisco Javier Miana-Mena  María Jesús Mu?oz  Encarna Cativiela    Francisco Gómez 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2005,69(4):309-312

The purpose of this study was to isolate and cultivate a subpopulation of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) from the peripheral blood of rabbits, which are frequently used in veterinary research as an animal model. Pluripotent stem cells, as described in human beings, are fibroblast-like cells that exhibit a CD34 marker, specific from other hematopoietic stem cells. Commonly used human commercial media has been researched for culturing rabbit PSCs. These findings allow us to contemplate the direct application of this simple and standardized methodology in several areas of study, such as of the pharmacological effect of many drugs on hematopoietic cells, veterinary practice, and even the study of new strategies in cellular therapy for some human diseases.  相似文献   

Evaluation of Natural Chemical Compounds Against Root-lesion and Root-knot Nematodes and Side-effects on the Infectivity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Cinta Calvet  Jorge Pinochet  Amèlia Camprubí  Victoria Estaún  Rodrigo Rodríguez-Kábana 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2001,107(6):601-605

The survival of two species of plant parasitic nematodes: the root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus brachyurus, and the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica, was evaluated in saturated atmospheres of 12 natural chemical compounds. The infectivity of two isolates of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices, under identical experimental conditions, was also determined. All the compounds tested exerted a highly significant control against M. javanica and among them, benzaldehyde, salicilaldehyde, borneol, p-anisaldehyde and cinnamaldehyde caused a mortality rate above 50% over P. brachyurus. The infectivity of G. intraradices was inhibited by cinnamaldehyde, salicilaldehyde, thymol, carvacrol, p-anisaldehyde, and benzaldehyde, while only cinnamaldehyde and thymol significantly inhibited mycorrhizal colonization by G. mosseae.  相似文献   

Molecular breeding for virus resistant potato plants     

Marianne J. Huisman  Erik Jongedijk  Dinie Posthumus-Lutke Willink  Frank Van Der Wilk  Ben J. C. Cornelissen 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1992,98(2):29-36

To engineer resistance against potato virus X (PVX), the viral coat protein (CP) gene has been introduced into two potato cultivars. Stable expression of the gene in transgenic clones throughout the growing season has been obtained and resulted in considerably increased virus resistance. With varying frequencies depending on the original cultivar used, true-to-type PVX resistant transgenic clones have been obtained. Since deviant light sprout characteristics were invariably associated with aberrations in plant phenotype, they can be used in procedures to early screen for deviations. Furthermore, it has been possible to unequivocally discriminate between the original untransformed and independent transgenic cultivars. Although no relation has been found between the presence, if any, of the CP of potato virus Y (PVY) or potato leafroll virus (PLRV) in CP gene transgenic potato, appreciable levels of resistance to these viruses has been obtained. This suggests that the mechanism by which a viral CP gene in the potato genome evokes resistance, differs amongst various viruses.  相似文献   

When and where could pheromone traps be used for monitoring lepidopterous pests? examples of yearly variation in flight pattern and site-dependence in hungary     

Gbor Szcs  Mikls Tth  Istvn Szarukn 《Pest management science》1995,45(3):287-290

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