Actin polymerization-driven molecular movement of mDia1 in living cells     

Higashida C  Miyoshi T  Fujita A  Oceguera-Yanez F  Monypenny J  Andou Y  Narumiya S  Watanabe N 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,303(5666):2007-2010

mDia1, a Rho effector, belongs to the Formin family of proteins, which shares the conserved tandem FH1-FH2 unit structure. Formins including mDia1 accelerate actin nucleation while interacting with actin filament fast-growing ends. Here our single-molecule imaging revealed fast directional movement of mDia1 FH1-FH2 for tens of microns in living cells. The movement of mDia1 FH1-FH2 was blocked by actin-perturbing drugs, and the speed of mDia1 FH1-FH2 movement appeared to correlate with actin elongation rates. In vitro, mDia1 FH1-FH2 associated persistently with the growing actin barbed end. mDia1 probably moves processively along the growing end of actin filaments in cells, and Formins may be a molecular motility machinery that is independent from motor proteins.  相似文献   

Bora and the kinase Aurora a cooperatively activate the kinase Plk1 and control mitotic entry     

Seki A  Coppinger JA  Jang CY  Yates JR  Fang G 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,320(5883):1655-1658

A central question in the study of cell proliferation is, what controls cell-cycle transitions? Although the accumulation of mitotic cyclins drives the transition from the G2 phase to the M phase in embryonic cells, the trigger for mitotic entry in somatic cells remains unknown. We report that the synergistic action of Bora and the kinase Aurora A (Aur-A) controls the G2-M transition. Bora accumulates in the G2 phase and promotes Aur-A-mediated activation of Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1), leading to the activation of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 and mitotic entry. Mechanistically, Bora interacts with Plk1 and controls the accessibility of its activation loop for phosphorylation and activation by Aur-A. Thus, Bora and Aur-A control mitotic entry, which provides a mechanism for one of the most important yet ill-defined events in the cell cycle.  相似文献   

Fecal metabolite analysis of Japanese macaques in Yakushima by LC-MS/MS and LC-QTOF-MS     

Sayaka TSUCHIDA  Takanari HATTORI  Akiko SAWADA  Koretsugu OGATA  Jun WATANABE  Kazunari USHIDA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(6):1012

We performed a comprehensive fecal metabolite analysis using LC-MS/MS and LC-QTOF-MS approaches as a preliminary study. Feces of Japanese macaques on Yakushima Island were collected from five monkeys at two separate locations. Using the former methodology, 59 substances such as free amino acids, nucleotides, nucleosides and nucleic acid bases, and organic acids in the citrate cycle were quantitatively detected and successfully differentiated in two different monkey groups by the concentrations of nucleic acid metabolites and free amino acids. In the latter, around 12,000 substances were detected both by positive and negative mode in each sample. Differences in signal intensities were observed between two monkey groups in the concentrations of plant secondary metabolites such as cyanogenic glycosides, flavonoids, and phenolics.  相似文献   

Interaction of coenzyme Q10 with the intestinal drug transporter P-glycoprotein     

Itagaki S  Ochiai A  Kobayashi M  Sugawara M  Hirano T  Iseki K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(16):6923-6927

In clinical trials, patients usually take many kinds of drugs at the same time. Thus, drug-drug interactions can often directly affect the therapeutic safety and efficacy of many drugs. Oral delivery is the most desirable means of drug administration. Changes in the activity of drug transporters may substantially influence the absorption of administered drugs from the intestine. However, there have been a few studies on food-drug interactions involving transporters. It is important to be aware of the potential of food-drug interactions and to act in order to prevent undesirable and harmful clinical consequences. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is very widely consumed by humans as a food supplement because of its recognition by the public as an important nutrient in supporting human health. Since intestinal efflux transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is one of the major factors in drug-drug interactions, we focused on this transporter. We report here for the first time that CoQ10, which is widely used as a food supplement, affects the transport activity of P-gp.  相似文献   

Biochemical and genomic analysis of neoculin compared to monocot mannose-binding lectins     

Shimizu-Ibuka A  Nakai Y  Nakamori K  Morita Y  Nakajima K  Kadota K  Watanabe H  Okubo S  Terada T  Asakura T  Misaka T  Abe K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(13):5338-5344

Neoculin occurring in an edible tropical fruit is a heterodimeric protein which has both sweetness and a taste-modifying activity that converts sourness to sweetness. Both the primary and the overall tertiary structures of neoculin resemble those of monocot mannose-binding lectins. This study investigated differences in biochemical properties between neoculin and the lectins. Structural comparison between the mannose-binding sites of lectins and the corresponding regions of neoculin showed that there is at least one amino acid substitution at each site in neoculin, suggesting a reason for the lack of its mannose-binding ability. This was consistent with hemagglutination assay data demonstrating that neoculin had no detectable agglutinin activity. DNA microarray analysis indicated that neoculin had no significant influence on gene expression in Caco-2 cell, whereas kidney bean lectin (Phaseolus vulgaris agglutinin) greatly influenced various gene expressions. These data strongly suggest that neoculin has no lectin-like properties, encouraging its practical use in the food industry.  相似文献   

A comparison of 5 soil phosphorus extraction methods applied to different soils of South of Iran     

Roghayeh Shahriaripour  Ahmad Tajabadipour  Isa Esfandiarpoor  Vahid Mozafary 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2018,49(18):2284-2290

Phosphorus (P) fertilization is commonly based on soil testing, for which a variety of different soil P extraction methods are in use. In this research, the correlation and calibration of five extraction techniques for available P were studied: Soltanpour and Schwab, Olsen, EDTA-Na₂, Paauw and Morgan in 168 different soil samples from 63000 ha of Sirjan pistachio orchards of Kerman province, Iran. The Morgan reagent extracted the most P and then EDTA-Na₂> Olsen> Soltanpour and Schwab> Paauw extracted more phosphorus, respectively. Positive and significant correlation (P < 0.05) existed among all extractants. The correlation coefficients between different extractants and plant P concentration indicated that, EDTA-Na₂ (P < 0.01), Olsen and Paauw methods (P < 0.05) had positive and significant correlation with leaf P concentration and thus with due attention to acceptable relationship with plant indices, the Olsen and EDTA-Na₂ methods could be used to advise on available P.  相似文献   

Effects of mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine (MPS) lung lesion‐selected Landrace pigs on MPS resistance and immune competence in three‐way crossbred pigs          下载免费PDF全文

Liushiqi Borjigin  Tomoyuki Shimazu  Yuki Katayama  Kouichi Watanabe  Haruki Kitazawa  Sang‐gun Roh  Hisashi Aso  Kazuo Katoh  Masahiro Satoh  Yoshihito Suda  Akiko Sakuma  Mituru Nakajo  Keiichi Suzuki 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(4):575-585

To clarify the genetic influence of mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine (MPS) lesion‐selected Landrace (La) on MPS resistance and immune characteristics in three‐way crossbred pigs (LaWaDa), the LaWaDa pigs were compared with the non‐selected crossbred (LbWbDb) and purebred (La) pigs. The MPS lesion score in the three lines was as follows: La line < LaWaDa line < LbWbDb line, with significant differences among the lines. The proportions of myeloid cells and T cells were lower and higher, respectively, in the LaWaDa pigs compared with those in the other two lines. Messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐10, transforming growth factor‐β, and interferon‐γ in peripheral blood was significantly increased after vaccination in the La and LaWaDa lines. IL‐4 mRNA expression in the LaWaDa line was intermediate to the La and LbWbDb lines. Furthermore, principal component analysis for immune traits and MPS lesions was executed to clarify the characteristics of each pig line. These findings suggest that the immune responses in the three pig lines are genetically distinct and that MPS resistance and some immunity characteristics from the La line were transmitted to the three‐way crossbred pigs.  相似文献   

Repair of urethral defects using fascia lata autografts in dogs   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

Atalan G  Cihan M  Sozmen M  Ozaydin I 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2005,34(5):514-518

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility of urethroplasty using a free fascia lata (FL) graft in the dog. STUDY DESIGN: In vivo experimental study. ANIMALS: Mixed-breed dogs (n=14). METHODS: Half of the circumference of the urethra, approximately 1.5 cm long, was excised in 14 male dogs to induce a urethral defect. FL (approximately 2 cm x 2 cm) harvested from the lateral thigh was sutured to the urethra using a 3-0 polyglactin 910 continuous pattern. Dogs were monitored daily for bladder distention and had urethral catheters until normal voiding was observed. On day 60, each dog had a positive contrast urethrogram, and then 8 dogs were euthanatized for gross and histologic examination. Six dogs were monitored for urologic problems for 6 months, and a positive contrast urethrogram was repeated. RESULTS: All dogs recovered successfully; 4 dogs had difficulty voiding for 2-3 days and urine was aspirated from these dogs every 3 hours until signs of painful urination disappeared. On positive contrast urethrograms, urethral anatomy was considered normal except in 4 dogs that had an irregular contour. Gross urethral examination confirmed an absence of ulceration, stricture, diverticula, or fistula formation, and the FL-lined graft survived in all dogs. No degenerative and reparative responses were observed. On histologic examination of the penile urethra, the lumen was intact, covered with transitional epithelium, and surrounded by corpus spongiosum with cavernous spaces and blood-filled vessels. CONCLUSIONS: Free FL grafts are incorporated satisfactorily and would appear to be useful for repairing urethral defects. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: FL grafts should be considered for repair of urethral defects in dogs.  相似文献   

Surgical outcomes in dogs with tracheal collapse treated with a novel cross-and-hook braided endoluminal stent     

Akiko Uemura  Yusuke Ozai  Lina Hamabe  Tomohiko Yoshida  Ryou Tanaka 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2022,23(3)

BackgroundStenting is an effective treatment option for tracheal collapse in dogs. Cross-braided tracheal stents are currently the norm in veterinary medicine, but cross-and-hook braided stents have recently been adopted in human medicine. We examined whether stents manufactured using this novel braiding technique provided additional advantages for the treatment of tracheal collapse in dogs.ObjectivesTo evaluate the outcomes of cross-and-hook braided stent implantation in the treatment of tracheal collapse in dogs.MethodsThe medical records of 22 client-owned dogs that underwent luminal placement of cross-and-hook braided Fauna Stents for the treatment of tracheal collapse between January 2018 and July 2021 were examined and data on canine signalment, clinical signs, diagnostic test results, surgical outcomes, and postoperative complications were retrieved and analyzed statistically.ResultsTwenty-six stents were surgically implanted, with 20 dogs (90.9%) receiving one stent and the remaining two (9.1%) receiving two or more stents. All dogs survived the procedure. The median survival time at a median follow-up of 990 days was 879 days. At the final follow-up examination, loss or mild improvement of cough was observed in all dogs.ConclusionsCompared with conventional lumen stents, the cross-and-hook braided Fauna Stent offered a higher survival rate and improved clinical symptoms in all patients. The results of this study suggest that the Fauna Stent may be a promising treatment option for dogs with tracheal collapse.  相似文献