First report of ‘<Emphasis Type="Italic">Candidatus</Emphasis> Phytoplasma malaysianum’ associated with <Emphasis Type="Italic">Elaeocarpus</Emphasis> yellows of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Elaeocarpus zollingeri</Emphasis>     

Nozomu Iwabuchi  Ai Endo  Norikazu Kameyama  Masaya Satoh  Akio Miyazaki  Hiroaki Koinuma  Yugo Kitazawa  Kensaku Maejima  Yasuyuki Yamaji  Kenro Oshima  Shigetou Namba 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2018,84(2):160-164

“Elaeocarpus yellows” (ELY) is a widely reported phytoplasma disease of Elaeocarpus zollingeri trees in Japan. The phytoplasma associated with ELY (ELY phytoplasma) had not been identified at the species level because its 16S rRNA sequence had yet to be reported. Here, we report the results of a sequence analysis based on 16S rRNA and secA gene sequences, which showed that the ELY phytoplasma is related to ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma malaysianum’. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing the occurrence of ‘Ca. P. malaysianum’ outside Malaysia and the infection of E. zollingeri by the phytoplasma.  相似文献   

Determination of the spawning history of Pacific saury <Emphasis Type="Italic">Cololabis saira</Emphasis> from rearing experiments: identification of post-spawning fish from histological observations of ovarian arterioles     

Satoshi Suyama  Akio Shimizu  Sayoko Isu  Hitomi Ozawa  Taizo Morioka  Mitsuhiro Nakaya  Toru Nakagawa  Naoto Murakami  Takashi Ichikawa  Yasuhiro Ueno 《Fisheries Science》2016,82(3):445-457

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In situ drag coefficient measurements for rooftop trees     

Akio Koizumi  Misato Shimizu  Yoshihisa Sasaki  Takuro Hirai 《Journal of Wood Science》2016,62(4):363-369

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Emphysematous cystitis in a chemically-induced diabetic dog     

Matsuo S  Hayashi S  Watanabe T  Adachi K  Miyoshi A  Kato A  Suzuki M 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2009,22(4):289-292

Emphysematous cystitis is a rare disorder caused by bacterial infection and characterized by gas accumulation within the bladder wall with cyst formation. This report describes the histopathological characteristics of emphysematous cystitis found in a diabetic female beagle induced by streptozotocin and alloxan. Macroscopically, multiple cyst-like structures were observed on the cut surface of the urinary mucosa. During fixation, small specimens cut from the mucosa floated on the surface of the fixative solution. Histopathologically, multiple cysts were lined with a single layer of flattened cells found to be immunohistochemically positive for vimentin, partially positive for α-smooth muscle actin or macrophage scavenger receptor, class A, and thought to be myofibroblasts, fibroblasts or macrophages. Multinucleated giant cells were observed around the cysts, and gram-negative short bacilli were observed in the lumen of the urinary bladder. From these findings, this case was diagnosed as emphysematous cystitis.  相似文献   

Relationships of culm surface area to other culm dimensions for bamboo, Phyllostachys pubescens     

Akio Inoue  Hideo Suga 《Journal of Forest Research》2009,14(4):236-239

We determine the relationships of culm surface area to other culm dimensions for one of the largest bamboo species, Phyllostachys pubescens Mazel ex Houzeau de Lehaie. A total number of 150 sample culms were collected from a stand of P. pubescens in Mt. Toshima, Kumamoto Prefecture, western Japan. The culm surface area for each sample was calculated, and then the relationships of the culm surface area to basal area and product of diameter at breast height (dbh) and culm height were analyzed. The relationship between culm surface area and basal area could be described successfully by the power equation, whereas there was a linear relationship of culm surface area to product of dbh and height. Although the regression equations determined here would be useful in estimating culm surface area of P. pubescens, it is necessary to select an appropriate equation depending on the purpose and available time and labor.  相似文献   

Distribution and stem growth patterns of mangrove species along the Nakara River in Iriomote Island, Southwestern Japan   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Tsutomu Enoki  Moeko Ueda  Daisuke Nanki  Rempei Suwa  Akio Hagihara 《Journal of Forest Research》2009,14(1):51-54

We examined variations in stand structure and tree growth of a mangrove forest along two gradients: from the river mouth to upper stream and from the riverside to inland, along the Nakara River, Iriomote Island, Japan. Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Lamk. occurred throughout the intertidal area, though Rhizophora stylosa Griff. and Kandelia candel (L) Druce did not occur upstream. Basal area and maximum tree height of B. gymnorrhiza decreased downstream. The growth rate in stem diameter of B. gymnorrhiza decreased downstream in relation with the soil salinity. The basal area and the maximum tree height of B. gymnorrhiza increased with the distance from the riverside. R. stylosa increased in stem diameter and growth rate toward the riverside.  相似文献   

Rapid HPLC Method for Determination of 12 Isoflavone Components in Soybean Seeds   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

SUN Jun-ming  SUN Bao-li  HAN Fen-xia  YAN Shu-rong  YANG Hua  Akio Kikuchi 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2011,10(1):70-77

It is important to determine the isoflavone components by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)for the molecular assistant selection of isoflavone in soybean.Based on the standard samples of 12 isoflavone components,the isoflavone components were analyzed using the determination of absorbance peaks method by HPLC.The results showed that there were different maximum ultraviolet(UV)absorbance for the aglycones of daidzein,glycitein,and genistein,which were at 250,257,and 260 nm,respectively.A linear gradient elution of acetonitrile(13-30%)containing 0.1% acetic acid as a mobile phase was applied on a YMC-C18 column at 35℃.The 12 isoflavone components were determined using the UV detector by HPLC.We concluded that this is a rapid and precise method which adapted to determine the large numbers of samples with microanalysis.  相似文献   

Effects of concanamycins produced by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Streptomyces scabies</Emphasis> on lesion type of common scab of potato     

Masahiro Natsume  Nobuya Tashiro  Akio Doi  Yatsuka Nishi  Hiroshi Kawaide 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2017,83(2):78-82

Streptomyces scabies, causative agent of common scab of potato, produces the phytotoxins concanamycin and thaxtomin. In a potato tuber slice assay to study the contribution of concanamycins to lesion development, concanamycin A had weak necrosis-inducing activities; >10× the amount of thaxtomin A was needed to produce equivalent lesion severity. Concanamycins were detected in tubers inoculated with S. scabies, which caused deep-pitted lesions but not in those inoculated with Streptomyces acidiscabies, which caused corky, raised lesions. In field-grown, diseased potatoes, concanamycin content tended to be higher in tubers with deep-pitted lesions than in those with corky, raised lesions.  相似文献   

Evaluation of drag coefficients of poplar-tree crowns by a field test method     

Akio Koizumi  Jun-ichi Motoyama  Kei Sawata  Yoshihisa Sasaki  Takuro Hirai 《Journal of Wood Science》2010,56(3):189-193

To estimate the wind force that causes windthrow damage to a tree, the drag coefficients of actual-sized trees were evaluated by a field test method. In this method, wind velocity and stem deflection were monitored simultaneously. The wind force acting on a tree crown was calculated from stem deflection; stem stiffness was evaluated by conducting tree-bending tests. The results of tests conducted on three poplar trees showed that drag coefficient decreased with an increase in wind velocity. Although the variation in the drag coefficient was large at low wind velocity because of the vibrating behavior of the stem subjected to variable wind force, the variation at wind velocities above 10 m/s was small. The average drag coefficient at a wind velocity of 30 m/s was estimated by the curve-fitting of a power function to the wind velocity-drag coefficient relationship to be 0.102, which was smaller than that of actual-sized conifers studied in previous wind tunnel experiments. The drag coefficients of these crown areas in the defoliation season were smaller than those measured in the leafy season.  相似文献   

A 90-day Feeding Toxicity Study of l-Serine in Male and Female Fischer 344 Rats     

Tada Y  Yano N  Takahashi H  Yuzawa K  Ando H  Kubo Y  Nagasawa A  Chin K  Kawamata Y  Sakai R  Ohashi N  Ogata A  Nakae D 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2010,23(1):39-47

A subchronic feeding study of l-serine (l-Ser) was conducted with groups of 10 male and 10 female Fischer 344 rats fed a powder diet containing 0, 0.06, 0.5, 1.5 or 5.0% concentrations of l-Ser for 90 days. There were no toxicologically significant, treatment-related changes with regards to body weight, food intake, water intake or urinalysis data. In several of the hematology, serum biochemistry and organ weight parameters, significant changes were observed between some of the treated groups and the controls. All these changes, however, were subtle and lacked any corresponding pathological findings. In addition, the increased or decreased values remained within the range of the historical control values. In fact, histopathological assessment revealed only sporadic and/or spontaneous lesions. In conclusion, the no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) for l-Ser was, therefore, determined to be at least a dietary dose of 5.0% (2765.0 mg/kg body weight/day for males and 2905.1 mg/kg body weight/day for females) under the present experimental conditions.  相似文献