EDEM as an acceptor of terminally misfolded glycoproteins released from calnexin     

Oda Y  Hosokawa N  Wada I  Nagata K 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,299(5611):1394-1397

Terminally misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are retrotranslocated to the cytoplasm and degraded by proteasomes through a mechanism known as ER-associated degradation (ERAD). EDEM, a postulated Man8B-binding protein, accelerates the degradation of misfolded proteins in the ER. Here, EDEM was shown to interact with calnexin, but not with calreticulin, through its transmembrane region. Both binding of substrates to calnexin and their release from calnexin were required for ERAD to occur. Overexpression of EDEM accelerated ERAD by promoting the release of terminally misfolded proteins from calnexin. Thus, EDEM appeared to function in the ERAD pathway by accepting substrates from calnexin.  相似文献   

Management of 1,3-dichloropropene in pineapple for efficacy and reduced volatile losses     

R. C. Schneider  B. S. Sipes  C. H. Oda  R. E. Green  D. P. Schmitt 《Crop Protection》1995,14(8):611-618

Two application methods, single- and double-chisel injection of the fumigant nematicide 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) were evaluated for efficacy and environmental fate in pineapple field experiments. The objectives were to compare the 1,3-D soil distribution between injection methods, evaluate volatile losses to the atmosphere, and to determine efficacy with each method. In a small-plot field experiment, 1,3-D (224, 337, and 393 1 ha⁻¹) was manually injected 30 cm deep with fumiguns to simulate the commercial practice of a single- or double-chisel injection per planting bed. 1,3-D concentrations in the soil atmosphere and in soil samples were determined and compared to nematode control. In two large-scale field experiments, 1,3-D (224 1 ha⁻¹) was applied with commercial injection equipment with and without polyethylene mulch. Air monitoring for 1,3-D showed a reduction in 1,3-D air emissions with single-chisel injection compared with double-chisel injection. In all experiments, the two injection methods resulted in equivalent 1,3-D concentrations in the plant line. Single-chisel injection resulted in improved retention of 1,3-D within the planting bed as shown by low 1,3-D soil concentrations in the interbed. Nematode counts and bioassay studies found equivalent nematode control in the planting bed with either injection method. The single-chisel method, however, resulted in reduced nematode control in the interbed region.  相似文献   

Isolation of Araguspongine M,a New Stereoisomer of an Araguspongine/Xestospongin alkaloid,and Dopamine from the Marine Sponge Neopetrosia exigua Collected in Palau     

Hongwei Liu  Yuri Mishima  Takeshi Fujiwara  Hiroshi Nagai  Akira Kitazawa  Yuji Mine  Hisayoshi Kobayashi  Xinsheng Yao  Junko Yamada  Taiko Oda  Michio Namikoshi 《Marine drugs》2004,2(4):154-163

A new stereoisomer of an araguspongine/xestospongin alkaloid, named araguspongine M (1), has been isolated together with 12 known compounds, araguspongines B (2) and D (3), dopamine, three galactosyl diacylglycerols, 24-methyl cholesterol, 5,6-dihydrocholesterol, β-sitosterol, and three 5α,8α-epidioxy sterols (11–13), from the marine sponge Neopetrosia exigua (formerly Xestospongia exigua) collected in Palau. The structure of 1 was assigned on the basis of its spectral data analysis. This is the first report on the isolation of dopamine from a marine sponge. This compound may be produced by an endosymbiotic Synechococcus-like cyanobacterium. Compounds 1–3 and 11–13 showed cytotoxicity against HL-60 at IC₅₀’s of 5.5, 5.5, 5.9, 22.4, 9.5, and 9.6 μM, respectively. The possible biosynthesis origin of the isolated metabolites is discussed.  相似文献   

Absorption,translocation, and assimilation of foliar-applied urea compared with nitrate and ammonium in tomato plants     

Xue Wen Tan  Masayuki Oda 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(3):609-616

To evaluate the use of foliar application of N fertilizer and the occurrence of leaf injury in tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., cv. Momotaro), the effects of the form and concentration of N and solution pH on the leaf injury were studied in the first experiment (Expt. 1). The effects of solution pH and leaf surface on the absorption, translocation, and assimilation of urea were compared with those of nitrate and ammonium in the second experiment (Expt. 2). In Expt. 1, no leaf injury was observed regardless of N sources applied at the N concentration of 1.0 g L^-1. Compared with nitrate or ammonium, the index of leaf injury was the lowest in the leaf to which urea had been applied (hereafter referred to as “urea-applied leaf”), when the N level increased from 2.0 to 10.0 g L^-1. Leaf injury was not affected by the solution pH in the case of urea, but it increased in the case of ammonium and decreased when nitrate was applied with increasing solution pH. In Expt. 2, the absorption of nitrate and ammonium by a leaf within 4 d was 34% and 74% of that of urea, respectively. N absorption at the lower leaf surface was much greater than that at the upper leaf surface for each N source. No apparent effect of solution pH on the absorption of urea was detected. With increasing solution pH, however, the absorption of nitrate decreased. The absorption of ammonium was the greatest at solution pH 7.5. Total-¹⁵N translocation from applied leaf to other plant parts within 4 d was the largest in the urea-applied plants. Effects of solution pH and leaf surface on ¹⁵N distribution were not appreciable. ¹⁵N assimilation was the quickest in the urea-applied plants. Two days after application, ¹⁵N assimilation in the whole plant was up to 76.9% in the urea-applied plants, but only 33.7% and 43.0% in the nitrate- and ammonium-applied plants, respectively. Urea was an appropriate foliar N source due to the low ability to injure foliage because of the rapid absorption and translocation, fast assimilation, and the wide and suitable range of solution pH. Foliar application of N to the lower leaf surface was recommended.  相似文献   

Seed germinability in Musa velutina Wendl. & Drude is markedly lowered by 1 week in dry-storage     

S. Nagano  G. Mori  M. Oda 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(3):325-328

SUMMARY

We investigated the effects of dry-storage of Musa velutina seeds on seed and embryo germination. Seeds were collected immediately after harvest and stored in dry vermiculite at 25°C, in the dark, for 0, 1, 2, or 4 months. The germinability of dry-stored seeds was assessed by incubation in vermiculite at 25°C for 4 months, with 75% [(w/w); –0.01 MPa] moisture content to promote embryo development in viable seeds. Seeds that had not been dry-stored and stored in vermiculite at 75% (w/w) moisture content for 4 months showed 90% germination by 20 d after sowing, but no seeds that had been dry-stored for longer than 1 month germinated. Seeds were also dry-stored at 25°C, in the dark, in Petri dishes for 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 weeks after harvest and the embryos removed from these seeds were cultured on MS medium. All embryos that had been isolated from seeds at harvest (i.e., 0 weeks in dry-storage) germinated during embryo culture. However, embryos removed from seeds that had been dry-stored for 1 week showed a substantial decrease in both size and germinability. Seeds were also stored at different moisture contents for 4 months after harvest. No seeds that had been stored at 0% moisture content (i.e., dry) germinated, but > 85% of seeds stored at ≥ 25% (w/w) moisture contents germinated. Higher moisture contents increased the uniformity of seed germination, showing that M. velutina seeds rapidly lose their germinability through dehydration, indicating that they are sensitive to desiccation.  相似文献   

Induction of Apoptotic Cell Death in Human Leukemia U937 Cells by C18 Hydroxy Unsaturated Fatty Acid Isolated from Red Alga Tricleocarpa jejuensis     

Shijiao Zha  Mikinori Ueno  Yan Liang  Seiji Okada  Tatsuya Oda  Fumito Ishibashi 《Marine drugs》2021,19(3)

Our previous studies have found that (±)-(E)-12-hydroxyoctadec-10-enoic acid (HOEA) isolated from the red alga Tricleocarpa jejuensis showed cytotoxic effects on various living organisms including harmful microalgae, Gram-positive bacteria, and mammalian tumor cells. Since natural products with apoptosis-inducing ability can be promising anti-cancer agents, in this study, we investigated the cytotoxic mechanism of HOEA on U937 cells focusing on apoptosis induction. HOEA showed much stronger cytotoxic and cytolytic effects on U937 cells than elaidic acid, which has similar structure but no 12-hydroxy group, suggesting that hydroxy group is important for the cytotoxicity of HOEA. HOEA induced apoptotic nuclear morphological changes, DNA fragmentation, and decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential. Furthermore, time-dependent increase in annexin V+/PI+ cell population in HOEA-treated U937 cells was detected. Among the apoptosis-related reagents, caspase-family inhibitor almost completely inhibited HOEA-induced DNA fragmentation. In the analyses using specific caspase-substrates, extremely high cleavage activity toward caspase-3/7/8 substrate was observed in HOEA-treated U937 cells, and weak activities of caspase-1 and -3 were detected. Analyses using specific caspase inhibitors suggested that caspase-3 and caspase-8 might be predominantly responsible for the cleavage activity. Activation of these caspases were also confirmed by western blotting in which significant levels of cleaved forms of caspase 3, caspase 8, and PARP were detected in HOEA-treated U937 cells. Our results suggest that HOEA is capable of inducing apoptosis in U937 cells in which caspase-3 and caspase-8 might play important roles. Since the cytotoxic effect of HOEA is not strictly specific to tumor cells, development of appropriate drug delivery system for selective tumor targeting is necessary for the clinical applications to reduce the possible side effects.  相似文献   

Supplementing transglucosidase with a high-fiber diet for prevention of postprandial hyperglycemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic dogs     

Toshinori Sako  Akihiro Mori  Peter Lee  Hiroshi Goto  Hiroko Fukuta  Hitomi Oda  Kaori Saeki  Yohei Miki  Yuki Makino  Katsumi Ishioka  Hisashi Mizutani  Yuzo Kojima  Satoshi Koikeda  Toshiro Arai 《Veterinary research communications》2010,34(2):161-172

Indigestible oligosaccharides have been shown to normalize blood glucose and insulin concentration thereby promoting good health and preventing diseases, such as diabetes. Transglucosidase (TG, α-glucosidase, enzyme code (EC) 3.2.1.20) is an enzyme capable of converting starch to oligosaccharides, such as iso-malto-oligosaccharides from maltose, via the action of amylase. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether oral administration of TG with maltose or dextrin is capable of reducing post-prandial serum glucose concentration in experimentally streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic dogs fed on a high-fiber diet. Five healthy and five STZ-induced diabetic dogs were employed in this study. TG supplementation with dextrin or maltose had no detrimental effect in healthy dogs. In fact, TG and dextrin exhibited a flatlined serum glucose pattern, while reducing mean post-prandial serum insulin and glucose concentration as compared to control diet alone. When TG supplementation was tested in STZ-induced diabetic dogs under the context of a high fiber diet, a 13.8% and 23.9% reduction in mean glucose concentration for TG with maltose and dextrin, respectively was observed. Moreover, TG with dextrin resulted in a 13% lower mean post-prandial glucose concentration than TG with maltose, suggesting that dextrin may be a more efficient substrate than maltose when used at the same concentration (1 g/kg). Our results indicate that TG supplementation with diet can lead to lower postprandial glucose levels versus diet alone. However, the efficacy of TG supplementation may depend on the type of diet it is supplemented with. As such, TG administration may be useful for preventing the progression of diabetes mellitus and in its management in dogs.  相似文献   

A differential basis of antifungal activity of acylalanine fungicides and structurally related chloroacetanilide herbicides in Phytophthora megasperma f. sp. medicaginis     

Leen C. Davidse  Oda C.M. Gerritsma  Grardy C.M. Velthuis 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》1984,21(3):301-308

The acylalanine fungicides CGA 29212 and metalaxyl inhibit colony growth of Phytophthora megasperma f. sp. medicaginis at much lower concentrations than structurally related chloroacetanilide herbicides. Metolachlor, among the latter, shows the highest antifungal activity, followed by propachlor. Dimethachlor and alachlor are only weakly inhibitory. A metalaxyl- and CGA 29212-resistant strain of P. megasperma f. sp. medicaginis shows cross-resistance to metolachlor and propachlor, but levels of resistance are much lower than observed with CGA 29212 and metalaxyl. Cross-resistance does not occur to dimethachlor and alachlor. All compounds except metalaxyl inhibit uptake of [³H]uridine by mycelium, propachlor being most effective. Effects are similar with both a metalaxyl-sensitive and a -resistant strain. CGA 29212, metalaxyl, and metolachlor inhibit incorporation of [³H]uridine into RNA by mycelium of the sensitive strain at concentrations not inhibitory to uptake. Metalaxyl slightly affects incorporation by mycelium of the resistant strain; the other compounds have a more pronounced effect but only at concentrations inhibitory to uptake. Metalaxyl, CGA 29212, and propachlor do not induce leakage of radioactivity from mycelium of both strains when added at high concentrations to cultures previously incubated with [³H]uridine; under these conditions incorporation by mycelium of the metalaxyl-resistant strain is significantly more affected by CGA 29212 and propachlor than by metalaxyl. Endogenous RNA polymerase activity of isolated nuclei from a metalaxyl-sensitive strain is inhibited by CGA 29212, metalaxyl, and metolachlor but not by propachlor, dimethachlor, and alachlor. Neither compound has any effect on endogenous RNA polymerase activity of isolated nuclei from a metalaxyl-resistant strain. CGA 29212 and metolachlor evidently have a metalaxyl-type of action. The presence of cross-resistance of the metalaxyl-resistant strain to propachlor also indicates a metalaxyl-type of action for this compound, although this could not be confirmed by an inhibitory effect of propachlor on endogenous RNA polymerase activity. In addition to a metalaxyl-type of action, CGA 29212, metolachlor, and propachlor have a second one that is also present in dimethachlor and alachlor, which lack the metalaxyl-type of action. The second mechanism of action, involving inhibition of [³H]uridine uptake, is most prominent with propachlor and might be related to the primary mechanism of action in plants of the chloroacetanilide herbicides.  相似文献   

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic effects in koi carp (Cyprinus carpio) following immersion in propofol     

Ayako Oda  Kristen M. Messenger  Liliana Carbajal  Lysa P. Posner  Brett R. Gardner  Scott H. Hammer  Anthony J. Cerreta  Gregory A. Lewbart  Kate M. Bailey 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2018,45(4):529-538

Objective

To test the hypothesis that plasma propofol concentration (PPC) is associated with anesthetic effect in koi carp administered propofol by immersion.

Study design

Prospective study.

Animals

Twenty mature koi carp (mean ± standard deviation, 409.4 ± 83.7 g).

Methods

Fish were immersed in propofol (5 mg L^–1). Physiological variables and induction and recovery times were recorded. In phase I, blood was sampled for PPC immediately following induction and at recovery. In phase II, following induction, fish were maintained with propofol (4 mg L^–1) via a recirculating system for 20 minutes. Following established induction, blood was sampled at 1, 10 and 20 minutes. In phase III (n = 19), fish were anesthetized as in phase II with blood sampled nine times in a sparse sampling strategy. Simultaneously, a pharmacodynamics rubric was used to evaluate anesthetic depth. PPC was determined using high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Following evaluation of normality, data were analyzed using paired t test or Spearman correlation test (significance was set at p < 0.05).

Results

In phase I, mean PPCs at induction (20.12 μg mL^–1) and recovery (11.62 μg mL^–1) were different (p < 0.001). In phase II, only mean PPCs at induction (17.92 μg mL^–1) and 10 minutes (21.50 μg mL^–1) were different (p = 0.013). In phase III, a correlation between PPCs and the pharmacodynamic rubric scores was found (p < 0.001, r = –0.93). There was no correlation between PPCs and recovery time (p = 0.057, r = 0.433). A two-compartment open model was chosen for the pharmacokinetic model. Absorption rate constant, elimination rate constant and intercompartmental rate constant were 0.48, 0.006 and 0.02 minute^–1, respectively.

Conclusions and clinical relevance

Measurable PPCs were achieved in koi carp anesthetized with propofol by immersion. Anesthetic depth of fish was negatively correlated with PPCs, but recovery time was not.  相似文献   

A reliable and sensitive immunoassay for the determination of crustacean protein in processed foods   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Seiki K  Oda H  Yoshioka H  Sakai S  Urisu A  Akiyama H  Ohno Y 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(23):9345-9350

Among food allergens, crustacea such as shrimps, crabs, and lobsters are a frequent cause of adverse food reactions in allergic patients. The major allergen has been identified as a muscular protein, tropomyosin. A novel sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection and quantification of crustacean protein in processed foods was developed using the sample dilution buffer that is added to porcine tropomyosin. The sandwich ELISA method was highly specific for the Decapoda group, apart from minor cross-reactivities to other crustacea and mollusks. The recovery ranged from 85 to 141%, while the intra- and interassay coefficients of variation were less than 2.8 and 8.4%, respectively.  相似文献