Usability of repeated liver biopsies for estimation of drug residue in calf liver     

Y Takahashi  M Iida  K Oda  Y Kido 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1986,48(5):873-878

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Age trends of genetic parameters of spiral grain in hybrid larch F1 and implications for efficiency of early selection     

Takaaki Fujimoto  Hisashi Akutsu  Kazuhito Kita  Kazuko Uchiyama  Makoto Kuromaru  Kazuyuki Oda 《Journal of Wood Science》2006,52(2):101-106

Age trends in variance components and heritability were estimated from the spiral grain angle of rings 2–25, as counted from the pith in hybrid larch (Larix gmelinii var. japonica × Larix kaempferi) F₁. Age-age genetic and phenotypic correlations and the optimum selection age for spiral grain were also calculated. Wood samples were collected from 95 29-year-old trees belonging to 19 full-sib families in a progeny test plantation in Hokkaido, northern Japan. Spiral grain angle data were obtained by the splitting method. Mean grain angles at growth rings used for the analyses were calculated as the arithmetic mean of angles up to respective rings. Generally, the additive genetic variance for mean grain angle decreased with increasing ring number. Although dominance variance was comparatively high near the pith, it decreased to zero in subsequent growth rings. Highest heritability estimates of mean grain angle occurred at ring 4 and then declined with age, ranging from 0.45 down to 0.20. Age-age phenotypic correlations were higher than genetic correlations, especially those involving early growth rings. Optimum selection ages for spiral grain based on genetic and phenotypic correlations were estimated as 3 and 4 years (cambial age), respectively, in which maximum gain efficiency per year were obtained.  相似文献   

Genetic variation in wood stiffness and strength properties of hybrid larch (Larix gmelinii var. japonica × L. kaempferi)     

Takaaki Fujimoto  Hisashi Akutsu  Miki Nei  Kazuhito Kita  Makoto Kuromaru  Kazuyuki Oda 《Journal of Forest Research》2006,11(5):343-349

Genetic parameters for wood stiffness and strength properties were estimated in a 29-year-old hybrid larch stand (Larix gmelinii var. japonica × Larix kaempferi). The study included 19 full-sib larch families from Hokkaido, northern Japan. Implications of these genetic parameters in wood quality improvement are subsequently discussed. Traits included in the analyses were the dynamic modulus of elasticity of green logs (E _log), the modulus of elasticity (MOE), the modulus of rupture (MOR), compression strength parallel to the grain (CS) in small clear specimens, wood density (DEN), and diameter at breast height (DBH). DEN had the lowest coefficients of variation and MOE the highest. The narrow-sense heritability estimates of E _log, MOE, MOR, and CS were 0.61, 0.44, 0.60, and 0.43, respectively, and those of DEN and all mechanical properties increased from an inner to outer position within the stem. E _log and DEN had high positive phenotypic (0.52–0.83) and genetic (0.70–0.92) correlations with MOE, MOR, and CS. The mechanical properties of the inner position of the stem had rather high phenotypic and genetic correlations with those of the outer position and overall mean. The predicted gains in wood stiffness (E _log and MOE) were higher than those of the strength properties (MOR and CS). The predicted correlated responses in MOE, MOR, and CS when selecting for E _log and DEN were 72.6%–97.8% of a gain achievable from direct selection of these traits. DBH showed an insignificant correlation with all mechanical properties, although selection of this trait had a slightly negative effect on the mechanical properties.  相似文献   

Effects of dietary energy intake and cold exposure on kinetics of plasma glucose metabolism in sheep     

Sano H  Sawada H  Takenami A  Oda S  Al-Mamun M 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2007,91(1-2):1-5

An isotope dilution method using [U-(13)C]glucose injection was applied to determine the effects of dietary energy intake and cold exposure on plasma glucose metabolism in sheep. The sheep were assigned to two dietary treatments and were fed on diets containing either 100% or 160% of ME and both containing 150% of dietary crude protein intake for maintenance. The sheep were exposed from a thermoneutral environment (23 degrees C) to a cold environment (2-4 degrees C) for 5 days. The isotope dilution method was performed on the 18th day in the thermoneutral environment and on the fifth day of cold exposure. Plasma concentrations of glucose and NEFA increased (p < 0.05) during cold exposure for both diets. Plasma glucose pool size remained unchanged (p = 0.67), but plasma glucose turnover rate tended to increase (p = 0.07) with increased energy intake. Both pool size and turnover rate of plasma glucose increased (p = 0.01 and p = 0.0001, respectively) during cold exposure. No significant diet x environment interaction was detected. It is concluded that plasma glucose metabolism was influenced by both dietary energy intake and cold exposure, and plasma glucose metabolism in response to cold exposure was not modified by energy intake in sheep under the conditions (2-4 degrees C on the fifth day) of the present experiment.  相似文献   

In situ visualization of hardwood microcracks occurring during drying     

Hiroki Sakagami  Junji Matsumura  Kazuyuki Oda 《Journal of Wood Science》2009,55(5):323-328

Microcracks produced in an Acacia hybrid (Acacia mangium × Acacia auriculiformis) and Melia azedarach during drying were visualized in situ using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM); the morphological differences were compared. In the Acacia hybrid, numerous microcracks were found between the wood fiber and ray parenchyma, which propagated toward both the pith and bark. The microcracks closed with further drying, but persisted until the last stage of drying. In Melia azedarach, however, few microcracks formed between the wood fiber and ray parenchyma in the latewood region; they also propagated toward both the pith and bark. Because the microcracks subsequently closed, some could not be detected by CLSM. These morphological characteristics resulted from differences in the wood structure and we conclude that the interface zone between the wood fiber and ray parenchyma is one type of weak point on the transverse surface that is susceptible to checking.  相似文献   

Probiotic dietary supplementation in Nile tilapia as prophylaxis against streptococcosis          下载免费PDF全文

M.M. Yamashita  S.A. Pereira  L. Cardoso  A.P. de Araujo  C.E. Oda  É.C. Schmidt  Z.L. Bouzon  M.L. Martins  J.L.P. Mouriño 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2017,23(6):1235-1243

This study evaluated the effects of the probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum as dietary supplement on growth performance, haemato‐immunological responses, microbiology, histology and transmission electron microscopy of the intestinal epithelium of Nile tilapia challenged with Streptococcus agalactiae. Fish were distributed into two groups: control (unsupplemented) group and the group fed L. plantarum supplemented diet for a period of 58 days. We observed an increase in the concentration of lactic acid bacteria and a reduction in the number of Vibrionaceae in supplemented fish. A significant increase in the final weight, specific growth rate and feed efficiency was also observed in supplemented fish. After challenge, the number of thrombocytes and neutrophils also increased in supplemented animals. Transmission electron microscopy showed damage to the intestinal mucosa and the presence of bacteria similar to S. agalactiae in both infected groups. L. plantarum colonized the intestines of fish, enhanced the growth performance and modulated some haematological parameters.  相似文献   

Chemical changes in terpenes of sugi (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Cryptomeria japonica</Emphasis>) wood during steam drying in kiln at high temperature     

Yoh-ichi Matsushita  Kazuhiro Sugamoto  Kenji Miyakubo  Chiaki Kurogi  Takanao Matsui  Hisato Oda  Hideto Fujimoto 《Journal of Wood Science》2008,54(6):476-482

Sawdusts of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) wood prepared before and after steam drying at 120°C in a kiln were extracted with n-hexane and ethyl acetate to give n-hexane extracts and ethyl acetate extracts. From gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the ethyl acetate extracts from woods before and after steam drying, the components of 4-epi-cubebol, cubebol, and 2,7(14),10-bis-abolatrien-1-ol-4-one, which existed in the raw sugi wood, were proved to disappear in the steam-dried wood. These components were also absent in the ethyl acetate extract of the steam-condensed solution of waste steam from the kiln outlet. When these three components were treated with 0.2% (v/v) acetic acid solution at 120°C, δ-cadinene was produced as a major product from both 4-epi-cubebol and cubebol by dehydration and cleavage of the cyclopropane ring, and cryptomerone from 2,7(14),10-bisabolatrien-1-ol-4-one by hydration. The chemical changes of the three components presumably occur during steam drying of the sugi wood. This study was presented in part at the 85th Spring Meeting of the Chemical Society of Japan, Kanagawa, Japan, March 26–29, 2005  相似文献   

Oxygen radicals in influenza-induced pathogenesis and treatment with pyran polymer-conjugated SOD   总被引：20，自引：0，他引：20  

T Oda  T Akaike  T Hamamoto  F Suzuki  T Hirano  H Maeda 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1989,244(4907):974-976

The pathogenicity of influenza virus infection in the mice involves, at least in part, overreaction of the immune responses of the host rather than a direct effect of virus multiplication. Xanthine oxidase, which is responsible for the generation of oxygen free radicals, was elevated in serum and lung tissue of mice infected with influenza virus. To test the theory that oxygen-free radicals are involved in pathogenesis, free radicals were removed by injecting superoxide dismutase (SOD), a specific superoxide radical scavenger, which was conjugated with a pyran copolymer. The conjugate protected mice against a potentially lethal influenza virus infection if administered 5 to 8 days after infection. These findings indicate that oxygen radicals are important in the pathogenesis of influenza virus infection, and that a polymer-conjugated SOD has therapeutic potential for this virus infection and other diseases associated with free radicals.  相似文献   

Effect of different algae used for enrichment of rotifers on growth, survival, and swim bladder inflation of larval amberjack Seriola dumerili     

Hiroyuki Matsunari  Hiroshi Hashimoto  Kentaro Oda  Yoshitsugu Masuda  Hitoshi Imaizumi  Kazuhisa Teruya  Hirofumi Furuita  Takeshi Yamamoto  Kazuhisa Hamada  Keiichi Mushiake 《Aquaculture International》2012,20(5):981-992

The effect of algae with different DHA contents used for the enrichment of rotifers on the growth performance, survival, and swim bladder inflation of larval amberjack Seriola dumerili was investigated. Rotifers were enriched with freshwater Chlorella vulgaris containing three levels of DHA (rotifer containing DHA 0.04, 0.60, 1.32?g DHA 100?g^?1 DM) and Nannochloropsis (0.04?g DHA 100?g^?1 DM; 2.54?g EPA 100?g^?1DM). The larvae were fed the enriched rotifers in triplicate from 3?days post-hatch for 7?days in static condition. The same algae used for rotifer enrichment were supplied to the larval tanks. Growth and survival rate of fish fed the rotifers enriched with Nannochloropsis were higher than those of fish fed the rotifers enriched with all three Chlorella treatments. Swim bladder inflation was lowest in fish fed the rotifers enriched with Nannochloropsis. The proportion of EPA was higher in fish fed the rotifers enriched with Nannochloropsis, while that of DHA increased proportionally with the DHA levels in the rotifers enriched with Chlorella. These results suggest that rotifers enriched with Nannochloropsis (EPA-rich rotifers) are effective to enhance growth and survival, but DHA instead of EPA is essential to improve the swim bladder inflation in amberjack larvae.  相似文献   

Emulsifier content and side effects of oil-based adjuvant vaccine in swine   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Oda K  Tsukahara F  Kubota S  Kida K  Kitajima T  Hashimoto S 《Research in veterinary science》2006,81(1):51-57

Side effects caused by the excessive emulsifier in oil-based adjuvant vaccine were examined practically in swine using one oil-in-water type adjuvant vaccine against swine pleuropneumonia. The vaccine was prepared from cell-free-antigen of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, liquid paraffin, and several polyoxyethylenesorbitan and sorbitan oleates. Based on findings about safety in mice and emulsion stability, 2 vaccines containing either 11.25% or 6.25% emulsifier content were injected intramuscularly twice in swine, as the highest and lowest limits, respectively, within the practical range. All pigs showed temporary fever and malaise with anorexia for several days after each injection. The fever of the higher emulsifier content group took significantly longer to recover than the lower. Malaise also showed a similar tendency. On the other hand, antibody response was sufficiently induced with no significant difference between the 2 groups. Lowering the emulsifier content is a very simple but effective solution for mitigation of side effects without the reduction of adjuvanticity. For safe and high-quality oil-based adjuvant vaccines, not only antigen and base-oil, but emulsifier content must be optimized.  相似文献