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101.
Net requirements of calcium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus, and potassium for growth of Nellore × Red Angus bulls, steers, and heifers 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mario Luiz Chizzotti Sebastio de Campos Valadares Filho Luis Orlindo Tedeschi Pedro Veiga Rodrigues Paulino Mrio Fonseca Paulino Rilene Ferreira Diniz Valadares Paloma Amaral Pedro Del Bianco Benedeti Tainnah Ikegami Rodrigues Mozart Alves Fonseca 《Livestock Science》2009,124(1-3):242-247
A comparative slaughter trial was conducted to assess the net requirements for gain of Ca, P, Na, K and Mg of bulls, steers and heifers of Nellore and Red Angus crossbreds. Twenty seven F1 Nellore and Red Angus crossbred calves (9 steers, 9 bulls, and 9 heifers), averaging 274 kg BW, were used. At the beginning of the trial, three animals from each gender were slaughtered to determine the initial body composition. The remaining 18 animals (3 animals of each gender) were randomly assigned to two treatments: fed 0.75 or 1.5% of BW of concentrate. The diets were based on corn silage and were isonitrogenous (2% N, DM). After three growing periods of 28 d, all animals were slaughtered. The cleaned gastrointestinal tract, organs, carcass, head, hide, tail, feet, and tissues were weighed to determine the empty BW (EBW). These parts were ground separately and subsampled for chemical analyses. The log of the contents of each mineral in the empty body was regressed on the log of the EBW to estimate the net requirement for each mineral per kg of empty body gain (EBG). There were no differences (P > 0.05) in the net requirements for growth of all macrominerals among genders. The equations of the pooled data of the net requirements for growth (g/kg EBG) were: 332.6 × EBW − 0.6367 for Ca, 112.1 × EBW − 0.5615 for P, 10.85 × EBW − 0.3992 for Na, 4.01 × EBW − 0.153 for K, and 3.589 × EBW − 0.462 for Mg. Our findings indicated that retained Ca and retained P were poorly related to the retained protein. 相似文献
102.
Medium Light and Medium Roast Paper-Filtered Coffee Increased Antioxidant Capacity in Healthy Volunteers: Results of a Randomized Trial 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
TA Corrêa MP Monteiro TM Mendes DM Oliveira MM Rogero CI Benites CG Vinagre BM Mioto D Tarasoutchi VL Tuda LA César EA Torres 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2012,67(3):277-282
We compared the effects of medium light roast (MLR) and medium roast (MR) paper-filtered coffee on antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation in healthy volunteers. In a randomized crossover study, 20 volunteers consumed 482?±?61?ml/day of MLR or MR for four weeks. Plasma total antioxidant status (TAS), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), oxidized LDL and 8-epi-prostaglandin F2α, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) activity were measured at baseline and after the interventions. MLR had higher chlorogenic acids-(CGA; 334?mg/150?mL) and less caffeine (231?mg/150?ml) than MR had (210 and 244?mg/150?ml, respectively). MLR also had fewer Maillard reaction products (MRP) than MR had. Compared with baseline, subjects had an increase of 21 and 26?% in TAS, 13 and 13?% in CAT, 52 and 75?% in SOD, and 62 and 49?% in GPx after MLR and MR consumption (P?0.001), respectively. ORAC increased after MLR (P?=?0.004). No significant alteration in lipid peroxidation biomarkers was observed. Both coffees had antioxidant effects. Although MLR contained more CGA, there were similar antioxidant effects between the treatments. MRP may have contributed as an antioxidant. These effects may be important in protecting biological systems and reducing the risk of diseases related to oxidative stress. 相似文献
103.
Glyphosate sustainability in South American cropping systems 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Christoffoleti PJ Galli AJ Carvalho SJ Moreira MS Nicolai M Foloni LL Martins BA Ribeiro DN 《Pest management science》2008,64(4):422-427
South America represents about 12% of the global land area, and Brazil roughly corresponds to 47% of that. The major sustainable agricultural system in South America is based on a no-tillage cropping system, which is a worldwide adopted agricultural conservation system. Societal benefits of conservation systems in agriculture include greater use of conservation tillage, which reduces soil erosion and associated loading of pesticides, nutrients and sediments into the environment. However, overreliance on glyphosate and simpler cropping systems has resulted in the selection of tolerant weed species through weed shifts (WSs) and evolution of herbicide-resistant weed (HRW) biotypes to glyphosate. It is a challenge in South America to design herbicide- and non-herbicide-based strategies that effectively delay and/or manage evolution of HRWs and WSs to weeds tolerant to glyphosate in cropping systems based on recurrent glyphosate application, such as those used with glyphosate-resistant soybeans. The objectives of this paper are (i) to provide an overview of some factors that influence WSs and HRWs to glyphosate in South America, especially in Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay soybean cropped areas; (ii) to discuss the viability of using crop rotation and/or cover crops that might be integrated with forage crops in an economically and environmentally sustainable system; and (iii) to summarize the results of a survey of the perceptions of Brazilian farmers to problems with WSs and HRWs to glyphosate, and the level of adoption of good agricultural practices in order to prevent or manage it. 相似文献
104.
Siara Silvestri Bruno Hennemann Nilo Zanatta Edson Luiz Foletto 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2018,229(2):40
In this work, disks containing different amount of the TiO2 precursor impregnated on the raw red clay were produced. The disks were obtained by pressing in metal template and subsequently calcined at 500 °C. The raw clay was used as rigid support to fix the TiO2. The materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, N2 adsorption-desorption (BET and BJH), scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The ability of disks to produce superoxide and hydroxyl radicals after photoexcitation with UV irradiation was monitored by EPR. The catalytic efficiency was evaluated by the Reactive Red 141 dye discoloration under artificial UV light and sunlight. The reaction parameters such as concentration of RR-141 and irradiation source were evaluated. The results showed that the disks were able to decolorize 97.5% under sunlight at 60 min. The disks were also efficient in the discoloration until the tenth cycle, resulting in discoloration values near the initial cycles. Additionally, the dye fragments produced in cleavage of molecule during the reaction were evaluated by LC/MS-MS. 相似文献
105.
Jivago Schumacher de Oliveira Michel Brondani Evandro Sttoffels Mallmann Sérgio Luiz Jahn Edson Luiz Foletto Siara Silvestri 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2018,229(12):386
CoFe2O4/Zn2SnO4 composite was synthesized using a simple two-step process and applied as a novel-efficient photocatalyst for the rhodamine B degradation from aqueous solution. Characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), EDS analysis, and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy were employed in order to investigate the physical and chemical properties of composite. Higher values of the specific surface area, pore volume and diameter, and a smaller band-gap energy promoted a greater catalytic activity of CoFe2O4/Zn2SnO4 composite when compared to Zn2SnO4. A rapid decolorization of dye solution was observed at 40 min of reaction using the CoFe2O4/Zn2SnO4 catalyst, being 2.5 times faster than the Zn2SnO4 alone. Therefore, the CoFe2O4/Zn2SnO4 composite shows extraordinarily high photocatalytic activity toward the degradation of rhodamine B dye from aqueous solution. 相似文献
106.
Márcio Fléquisson Alves Miranda Maria Betânia Galvão dos Santos Freire Brivaldo Gomes Almeida Fernando José Freire Luiz Guilherme Medeiros Pessoa 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2018,64(9):1207-1221
This study aimed to evaluate the use of phytoremediation and soil conditioners in the recovery of physical attributes of a saline-sodic Fluvic Neossol in Brazil Northeast. The applied treatments were: Atriplex nummularia L., as phytoremediation plant, due to its ability to extract salts from the soil; organic conditioners, such as bovine and sheep manure; gypsum and polymer, as chemical conditioners. Samples with preserved structure were collected at the time of the experiment installation and 18 months after in the layers 0–10 cm and 10–30 cm. The analyzed attributes were: water dispersed clay, dispersion index, bulk density, penetration resistance, soil porosity, and saturated hydraulic conductivity. The use of sheep manure, gypsum and polymer promoted an increase in saturated hydraulic conductivity in the 0–10 cm layer from 4.51 to 16.37 cm day?1, 11.26 to 23.95 cm day?1 and 7.24 to 22.77 cm day?1, respectively. Gypsum increased the macroporosity in the superficial layer by 42.6%. Atriplex and polymer were more efficient at reducing soil penetration resistance. The polymer was more efficient at improving the physical properties. However, it is necessary to consider phytoremediation with Atriplex as a more sustainable alternative that can still be used as complementary fodder in animal feed. 相似文献
107.
108.
Daniela?Correia?MartinoEmail author Jorge?Luiz?Colodette Richard?Chandra Jack?Saddler 《Wood Science and Technology》2017,51(3):557-569
The steam explosion (SE) pretreatment associated with the organosolv process was investigated to produce dissolving pulp from eucalyptus. Prehydrolysis Kraft (PHK) pulping was also done to produce viscose and acetate grade pulps as reference. The organosolv pulps were delignified in two steps with sodium chlorite. Viscose and acetate grade PHK pulps were bleached by OD0(EH)D1P and OD0(EP)D1PCCE sequences, respectively. Dilute acid-catalyzed (with acid addition) SE pretreatment dissolved more xylan than auto-catalyzed (no acid addition) SE pretreatment. Steam-exploded unbleached organosolv pulps showed lower residual lignin content and screened yield than unbleached organosolv pulps without SE pretreatment. Steam explosion pretreatment helped to decrease lignin content and damaged fiber length of unbleached organosolv pulps. The 1.0% H2SO4 organosolv pulp (organosolv dissolving pulp at bioconversion conditions) showed the highest reactivity. Even showing low viscosity for some applications, in general, the organosolv dissolving pulps produced in this study can be used for making lyocell fibers. 相似文献
109.
Samuel Vasconcelos Valadares Víctor Hugo Alvarez V. Jefferson Luiz de Aguiar Paes Caio Buainain Lins Roberto Ferreira Novais 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2017,48(15):1834-1842
We assessed the sensitivity of mixed exchange resin (MER) and Mehlich-3 (M3) to calcium-bound phosphate (Ca-P) in Oxisols. These methods were compared with Mehlich-1 (M1) and anion exchange resin (AER), which have high and low sensitivity, respectively, to this soil P form. We used maize (Zea mays L.) as a test plant. Three samples from two Oxisols were treated with five ratios of Triple Superphosphate—TS and Bayóvar Phosphate Rock—BPR (0 + 100; 25 + 75, 50 + 50, 75 + 25 and 100 + 0% TS + BPR). The MER extracted more P than AER and M3 at the highest BPR:TS ratios (high Ca-P) and similar quantities at the higher TS:BPR ratios (low Ca-P) for two soil samples. Unlike M1-extracted P, M3-P, AER-P, and MER-P positively correlated with maize dry matter production and P uptake. Mehlich-3 and MER were suitable to assess P availability in high Ca-P Oxisols. 相似文献
110.
Samuel Luiz Fioreze João Paulo Costa Carneiro Daniela Dias Pinto João Domingos Rodrigues 《Journal of plant nutrition》2017,40(18):2602-2610
We characterized the pollination and fecundation times in soybean flowers and evaluated the effects of kinetin and calcium applications on physiological and productive traits of soybean plants during the reproductive stage. The anatomical study of flowers of eight soybean cultivars showed that fecundation occurred in closed flowers with visible petals, which presented embryo in the first cell divisions. These results indicate that fertilizers and growth regulation applications should be performed before flower opening, which is different from the current recommendation. Foliar applications of kinetin and calcium between the floral bud and full flowering stages did not affect carbon dioxide (CO2) assimilation, yield components and final yield. The results obtained in this research showed the lack of viability of foliar application of calcium and kinetin in order to increase pod set and number of seeds per plant in soybean crop. 相似文献