Long‐term outcome of video‐assisted thoracoscopic thoracic duct ligation and pericardectomy in dogs with chylothorax: A multi‐institutional study of 39 cases     

Philipp D. Mayhew  Michelle A. Steffey  Boel A. Fransson  Eric G. Johnson  Ameet Singh  William T. N. Culp  Brigitte A. Brisson  Michele L. Oblak  Ingrid M. Balsa  Michelle A. Giuffrida 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2019,48(Z1):O112-O120

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MuSeeQ,a novel supervised image analysis tool for the simultaneous phenotyping of the soluble mucilage and seed morphometric parameters     

Fabien Miart  Jean-Xavier Fontaine  Christophe Pineau  Hervé Demailly  Brigitte Thomasset  Olivier Van Wuytswinkel  Karine Pageau  François Mesnard 《Plant methods》2018,14(1):112

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Reed harvest and summer drawdown enhance bittern habitat in the Camargue     

Brigitte Poulin 《Biological conservation》2009,142(3):689-1609

The vulnerable Eurasian bittern Botaurus stellaris has recently benefited from conservation actions in several European countries. The Camargue in Mediterranean France holds 8000 ha of reed marshes and 50% of the French bittern population estimated at 300-350 booming males. Although reed cutting in Europe is a current practice, we provide the first analyses on habitat selection relative to reed exploitation. The contribution of reed harvesting and water management was assessed at a fine scale (digitized aerial photographs of 50-cm resolution) based on multi-modelling data analyses. GLMs applied to random and bittern points of 50-m radius showed that bitterns preferred areas with less than 10% open water enclosing 1-year reeds. Only in harvested reedbeds had the water management a significant impact on habitat selection, with bitterns avoiding areas dried during less than two months and flooded since less than 8 months. Water edge played a role in non-harvested reeds only, with bittern seeking for areas with the highest ratio water edge to open water. Although reed cutting is generally considered as detrimental in the short term, two 4-year experiments showed a marked increase in bitterns the first spring after cutting was interrupted. Based on these results, we propose various management scenarios that conciliate economic constraints of reed harvesters and protection of Eurasian bittern populations.  相似文献   

Effects of elevated CO₂, water stress, and inoculation with Glomus intraradices or Pseudomonas mendocina on lettuce dry matter and rhizosphere microbial and functional diversity under growth chamber conditions     

Josef Kohler  Brigitte A. Knapp  Sebastian Waldhuber  Fuensanta Caravaca  Antonio Roldán  Heribert Insam 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2010,10(8):1585-1597

Purpose  

In this study, we investigated the effects of elevated atmospheric CO₂, drought, and inoculation with a plant-growth-promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR) or an arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus on microbial community composition and functional diversity in the rhizosphere of Lactuca sativa L. cv. Tafalla.  相似文献   

Diversity of the calabash tree (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Crescentia cujete</Emphasis> L.) in Colombia     

Johanna Arango-Ulloa  Adriana Bohorquez  Myriam C. Duque  Brigitte L. Maass 《Agroforestry Systems》2009,76(3):543-553

Germplasm of the calabash tree (Crescentia cujete L.) was collected in five major regions of Colombia, i.e. the Andes, Caribbean, Amazon, Orinoco, and Pacific regions. Collecting this multipurpose tree was guided by the indigenous knowledge of farmers and artisans in each region. Large variation in fruit shapes and sizes was found, of which some forms were typical for certain regions. Overall 56 accessions were collected and roughly classified into 22 types by eight fruit shapes and eight sizes. Molecular markers (Amplified fragment length polymorphisms) were applied to leaf tip tissue originating from vegetatively propagated plants in order to assess the diversity available in the germplasm collected as well as to detect patterns of geographical or morphological similarity. One accession each of C. alata H.B.&K. and C. amazonica Ducke were used as outgroups. Overall, genetic diversity was high (mean Nei and Li’s coefficient of 0.43). No relations could be established between either geographical provenance or fruit morphology and patterns of genetic diversity. Concerning the outgroups, the C. amazonica accession appeared to be a distinct species. The C. alata accession, however, did not seem to be sufficiently distinct from C. cujete to merit species status. The latter material may in fact be a hybrid or serve to challenge the validity of interspecific organization of the genus Crescentia.

Brigitte L. Maass (Corresponding author)Email:

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Biomass burning in Brazil's Amazonian “arc of deforestation”: Burning efficiency and charcoal formation in a fire after mechanized clearing at Feliz Natal, Mato Grosso     

Ciro Abbud Righi  Paulo Maurício Lima de Alencastro Graa  Carlos Clemente Cerri  Brigitte Josefine Feigl  Philip Martin Fearnside 《Forest Ecology and Management》2009,258(11):2535-2546

Estimates of greenhouse-gas emissions from deforestation are highly uncertain because of high variability in key parameters and because of the limited number of studies providing field measurements of these parameters. One such parameter is burning efficiency, which determines how much of the original forest's aboveground carbon stock will be released in the burn, as well as how much will later be released by decay and how much will remain as charcoal. In this paper we examined the fate of biomass from a semideciduous tropical forest in the “arc of deforestation,” where clearing activity is concentrated along the southern edge of the Amazon forest. We estimated carbon content, charcoal formation and burning efficiency by direct measurements (cutting and weighing) and by line-intersect sampling (LIS) done along the axis of each plot before and after burning of felled vegetation. The total aboveground dry biomass found here (219.3 Mg ha⁻¹) is lower than the values found in studies that have been done in other parts of the Amazon region. Values for burning efficiency (65%) and charcoal formation (6.0%, or 5.98 Mg C ha⁻¹) were much higher than those found in past studies in tropical areas. The percentage of trunk biomass lost in burning (49%) was substantially higher than has been found in previous studies. This difference may be explained by the concentration of more stems in the smaller diameter classes and the low humidity of the fuel (the dry season was unusually long in 2007, the year of the burn). This study provides the first measurements of forest burning parameters for a group of forest types that is now undergoing rapid deforestation. The burning parameters estimated here indicate substantially higher burning efficiency than has been found in other Amazonian forest types. Quantification of burning efficiency is critical to estimates of trace-gas emissions from deforestation.  相似文献   

Myoblast cell interaction with polydopamine coated liposomes     

van der Westen R  Hosta-Rigau L  Sutherland DS  Goldie KN  Albericio F  Postma A  Städler B 《Biointerphases》2012,7(1-4):8

Liposomes are widely used, from biosensing to drug delivery. Their coating with polymers for stability and functionalization purposes further broadens their set of relevant properties. Poly(dopamine) (PDA), a eumelanin-like material deposited via the "self"-oxidative polymerization of dopamine at mildly basic pH, has attracted considerable interest in the past few years due to its simplicity, flexibility yet fascinating properties. Herein, we characterize the coating of different types of liposomes with PDA depending on the presence of oleoyldopamine in the lipid bilayer and the dopamine hydrochloride concentration. Further, the interaction of these coated liposomes in comparison to their uncoated counterparts with myoblast cells is assessed. Their uptake/association efficiency with these cells is determined. Further, their dose-dependent cytotoxicity with and without entrapped hydrophobic cargo (thiocoraline) is characterized. Taken together, the reported results demonstrate the potential of PDA coated liposomes as a tool in biomedical applications.  相似文献   

Beta-aminobutyric acid-induced resistance in grapevine against downy mildew: involvement of pterostilbene     

Ana R. Slaughter  Mollah Md. Hamiduzzaman  Katia Gindro  Jean-Marc Neuhaus  Brigitte Mauch-Mani 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2008,122(1):185-195

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Effects of petroleum spray oils on oviposition behaviour and larval survival of Helicoverpa armigera Hubner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and Ostrinia nubilalis Hubner (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)     

Robert K Mensah  Brigitte Frerot  Faiza Al Dabel 《国际虫害防治杂志》2013,59(2):111-119

We determined the effects of petroleum spray oil (PSO) (Caltex Canopy®) on oviposition responses of Helicoverpa armigera Hubner and Ostrinia nubilalis Hubner adults, and larval survival of the pest moths on cotton and maize plants in the laboratory. Application of 2% (v/v) of the PSO deterred H. armigera oviposition. Increasing the rate from 2 to 5% (v/v) did not significantly reduce the number of eggs laid by H. armigera on the treated plants. In contrast, the minimum rate at which the oil could deter oviposition of O. nubilalis on maize plants was 5% (v/v). Increasing the rate from 5 to 10% (v/v) did not significantly reduce the number of eggs laid per plant. However, a reduction in the rate of the PSO from 5 to 3% (v/v) resulted in a 73.9% increase in oviposition activity on the maize plants. In wind tunnel bioassay tests, all mated H. armigera females tested could detect and settle on plants treated with water but with plants treated with PSO at various times, only 50% of tested females settled on the plants 4?–?5 days after treatment (DAT) and none on the plants 0?–?2 DAT. A solid phase micro-extraction (SPME) test to determine the effect of the PSO on volatiles released by the cotton plants showed that the quantity of volatiles released by the cotton plants treated with PSO was lower than for water treated plants. This indicates that the PSO sprays may be suppressing or masking the leaf surface volatiles of the cotton plants, thereby deterring oviposition of H. armigera. Larval survival data show that PSO sprays can cause direct mortality of first, second and third instar O. nubilalis larvae. PSOs may have the potential to be integrated into pest management programme targeting H. armigera and O. nubilalis on cotton and maize crops, respectively.  相似文献   

Interpreting realized pollen flow in terms of pollinator travel paths and land-use resistance in heterogeneous landscapes     

Tonya A. Lander  Etienne K. Klein  Solenn Stoeckel  Stéphanie Mariette  Brigitte Musch  Sylvie Oddou-Muratorio 《Landscape Ecology》2013,28(9):1769-1783

Widespread ecosystem change has led to declines in species world-wide. The loss of pollinators in particular constitutes a problem for ecosystem function and crop production. Understanding how landscape change affects pollinator movement, effective pollen flow, and plant and pollinator survival is therefore a global priority. In this study we investigated patterns of effective pollen flow, using wild cherry tree (Prunus avium) progeny arrays, to address two questions in three case studies: Do land-use types present different resistances to pollinator movement? Which pollinator travel path best explains the pollination data (straight lines, weighted straight lines, least cost paths or pair-wise resistance)? Trees and progeny arrays were genotyped and effective pollen flow and pollinator movement were estimated using the spatially explicit mating model. We found that pollinators did modify their travel paths in response to land-use type and arrangement, but the travel path that best described pollinator movement and the resistance rank of the land uses depended on the type and size of land-use patches and the landscape context. We propose a novel theoretical framework rooted in behavioural ecology, the resource model, for interpreting pollinator behaviour in heterogeneous landscapes. We conclude by discussing the importance and practicality of conservation and management strategies in which native and non-native land-use types together provide functional habitat and support ecosystem services across economic landscapes.  相似文献