Cervical vibration as a method of treating partial dilatation of the ovine cervix     

C B Turner 《The Veterinary record》1973,93(23):598-599

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PERSISTENCE OF VIRUS IN RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS OF CHICKENS     

A. J. Turner  M.V.Sc. 《Australian veterinary journal》1972,48(6):361-363

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Interactions between tri-S-butyl phosphorotrithioate (DEF) and growth regulator herbicides: I.—A preliminary report     

D. J. Turner  M. C. P. Loader 《Pest management science》1970,1(3):107-111

Mixtures of tri-S-butyl phosphorotrithioate (DEF) emulsion and the potassium salt of picloram were strongly synergistic when applied as foliar sprays to pot-grown privet, poplar, guava and Eucalyptus plants. A similar but less marked effect was observed in privet, using mixtures of DEF and a water-soluble amine formulation of 2,4,5-T. By contrast, mixtures of an oil-soluble ester formulation of 2,4,5-T with DEF were antagonistic with privet.  相似文献   

An unusual case of hydronephrosis in a spayed Alsatian bitch     

T Turner 《The Veterinary record》1972,91(24):588-590

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SELECTION OF BEEF CATTLE FOR TROPICAL AUSTRALIA     

H. G. Turner  M.A.  B.Agr.Sc. 《Australian veterinary journal》1972,48(4):162-166

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Use of simulated clients in training veterinary undergraduates in communication skills     

Radford AD  Stockley P  Taylor IR  Turner R  Gaskell CJ  Kaney S  Humphris G  Magrath C 《The Veterinary record》2003,152(14):422-427

A course in communication skills has been developed specifically for veterinary students, based on those delivered at many medical schools, and making extensive use of professional actors as simulated clients. Its aim is to raise awareness of the importance of communication among veterinary undergraduates at all stages of the curriculum, and it allows them to role-play in acted-out scenarios. Facilitated small groups provide an environment in which students can receive feedback on their own performance and also give feedback to their colleagues. An independent evaluation suggests that the opportunity to role-play increased the students' confidence in communicating with others. They were able to identify their personal strengths as communicators and gain insights into the aspects of communication they could improve. Feedback and subsequent discussions were highly valued, with the actors playing a crucial role in providing feedback from the client's perspective. Students were able to use the knowledge they acquired when consulting with real clients. Most of the students suggested that the course should continue in its current format, but with more time provided for it in the curriculum.  相似文献   

Circulating cortisol, tumor necrosis factor-alpha interleukin-1beta, and interferon-gamma in pigs infected with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae     

Balaji R  Wright KJ  Turner JL  Hill CM  Dritz SS  Fenwick B  Carroll JA  Zannelli ME  Beausang LA  Minton JE 《Journal of animal science》2002,80(1):202-207

This study evaluated the time course of systemic cytokine concentrations in an acute model of pneumonia in pigs challenged intranasally with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. Feed intake and serum cortisol were measured as overt clinical and systemic markers of disease onset, respectively, and serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1beta, and interferon-gamma as representative systemic inflammatory markers. Crossbred barrows (n = 15), approximately 5 wk of age, were used in the study. Pigs were housed in an environmentally controlled facility at 25 degrees C and under continuous illumination in pens measuring approximately 1.5 m2. Pigs had free access to water and an unmedicated diet. Approximately 1 wk prior to disease challenge, pigs were fitted nonsurgically with venous catheters. At challenge, pigs were given 5 x 10(8) CFU Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae intranasally (n = 8) or a similar volume of sterile growth media intranasally (Control; n = 7). Feed intake was estimated by the change in feeder weight at 12-h intervals from -12 to 72 h relative to the time of disease challenge. Blood sampling began 12 h prior to challenge and continued until 72 h after challenge. Pigs were sampled at -12, -6, and 0 h, then at 90-min intervals until 12-h post-challenge, continuing at 3-h intervals until 24-h post-challenge, then again at 6-h intervals until 72 h after challenge. Serum was harvested and frozen until assayed for cortisol, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1beta, and interferon-gamma. Feed intake was reduced in Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae pigs during the intervals 0 to 12 h (P < 0.001), 24 to 36 h (P < 0.001), 48 to 60 h (P <0.05), and 60 to 72 h (P < 0.05). TheActnobacillus pleuropneumoniae-challenged pigs had elevated serum cortisol from 180-min to 18-h post-challenge (P < 0.001) and also at 36 (P < 0.05), 42 (P < 0.001), and 60 (P < 0.05) h following infection. Circulating cytokines were not affected by disease challenge. Thus, in this experimental model of pneumonia, weaned pigs demonstrated expected behavioral and endocrine characteristics of disease in the absence of significant changes in circulating inflammatory cytokines.  相似文献   

Effects of Ascophyllum nodosum extract on growth performance and immune function of young pigs challenged with Salmonella typhimurium     

Turner JL  Dritz SS  Higgins JJ  Minton JE 《Journal of animal science》2002,80(7):1947-1953

Ninety-five pigs (initially 7.1 kg and 24 d of age) were used in a 28-d experiment to determine the effects of Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed extract (ANOD) on young pig growth performance and immune function in response to enteric disease challenge with Salmonella typhimurium (ST). Experimental treatments were arranged in a 2 x 4 factorial with main effects of disease challenge (control vs ST-challenge) and dietary addition of ANOD (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0% of diet). Pigs were fed ANOD diets for 14 d and then challenged orally with ST or sterile media. There were no main effects of ANOD on growth performance end points, although there were significant quadratic effects of ANOD on ADG (P < 0.04) and final weight (P < 0.003), both being greatest at 1.0% ANOD. There was a positive linear effect of ANOD inclusion on ADFI (P < 0.07) and a negative linear effect on the gain-to-feed ratio (G/F) (P < 0.05). ST-challenge reduced ADG (P < 0.05), ADFI (P < 0.05), and G/F (P < 0.05) in the first week following challenge. Daily estimates revealed reductions in feed intake in ST-infected pigs on d 2 to 4 following infection (P < 0.05). Rectal temperature was increased maximally 2 d following ST-infection (P < 0.05). A disease challenge x time interaction (P < 0.001) was observed for serum haptoglobin and alpha1-acid glycoprotein. Serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) was not influenced by disease challenge, but IgM declined (P < 0.001) in all pigs over time. Serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) also was not influenced by disease challenge, but IgG tended (P < 0.08) to increase over time. In vitro culture of porcine alveolar macrophages with 10 mg/mL ANOD elevated (P < 0.05) prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production over that of controls at 3 and 24 h of culture. There was no interleukin-10 response by porcine splenocytes cultured in vitro with 0.005, 0.05, 0.5, or 5 mg/mL ANOD. We conclude that this model of enteric disease elicits an acute phase response that is accompanied by increased rectal temperature and diminished feed intake. Furthermore, our results indicate some beneficial effects of dietary ANOD on growth performance and no influence of dietary ANOD on immune response in the presence or absence of ST-challenge. However, high ANOD concentrations are capable of activating porcine alveolar macrophages in vitro to secrete PGE2.  相似文献   

The use of herders’ accounts to map livestock activities across agropastoral landscapes in Semi-Arid Africa     

Turner  Matthew D.  Hiernaux  Pierre 《Landscape Ecology》2002,17(5):367-385

Improved understandings of the agricultural and range ecologies ofsemi-arid Africa require better information on the spatiotemporal distributionof domestic livestock across agropastoral landscapes. An empirical GIS-basedapproach was developed for estimating distributions of herded livestock acrossthree agropastoral territories (around 100 km² each)over a two-year period. Algorithms developed from regression analyses of herdtracking data (with R²s 0.67) are used to transform a morecomprehensive but incomplete set of data generated from herders accounts oftheir herds grazing itineraries (400 herds following 6500 itineraries). Theresulting characterization registers 40 000 days of livestock activitiesacross694 land units (averaging 70 ha) over the study period. This studydemonstrates that rural producers knowledge of their daily extractionpracticescan be translated to fine-grained characterizations of extraction densitiesacross mixed landscapes. The spatiotemporal distribution of livestock that isrevealed by this approach diverges strongly from that predicted bycommonly-usedpoint-diffusion estimation procedures. Instead, the distribution reflects localpatterns of land use, topography, vegetation, settlements, and water points.Grazing and nongrazing times spent in land units are not spatially correlatedand the seasonality of grazing pressure is spatially variable. Therefore, theecological impacts of livestock grazing are spatially variable at fine scalesand there is a significant potential for livestock-mediated nutrient transfersacross agropastoral landscapes. The georeferenced data produced by thisapproachnot only will help evaluate the impact and sustainability of differentmanagement practices but also provides a strong empirical base for improvedspatial modeling of herded livestock.This revised version was published online in May 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Flatulence in pet dogs     

Jones BR  Jones KS  Turner K  Rogatski B 《New Zealand veterinary journal》1998,46(5):191-193

AIM: The purpose of this study was to obtain information on aspects of dogs' lifestyle and diet that may be related to flatulence, whether the dogs were flatulent or not and if the owners were concerned about flatulence of their pet. METHODS: The owners of 110 pet dogs were randomly selected from the Massey University clinic tiles and asked to complete a questionnaire relating to their dog's flatulence, lifestyle and diet. RESULTS: Flatulence was detected by 47 owners and occurred more often in less active inside dogs than those exercised more often. No individual food or dietary association was identified. Nineteen of the 47 owners of flatulent dogs would alter their dog's diet if that change would reduce flatulence. CONCLUSION: Flatulence occurs in pet dogs and most owners accept flatulence and were unconcerned about its consequence.  相似文献