Using shallow saline groundwater for irrigation and regulating for soil salt-water regime   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

Fang Sheng  Chen Xiuling 《Irrigation and Drainage Systems》1997,11(1):1-14

Drought and fresh water shortage are the main limiting factorsfor sustainable development of agriculture in North China Plain.Using saline water for irrigation plays important role forovercoming the constraints and increasing crops yields. Theexploitation and utilization of shallow saline groundwaterenables to regulate the groundwater depth and to promote thetransform of precipitation into available water resources.Thispaper reviews the research and practice on the utilization ofshallow saline groundwater in the part east of South GreatCanal in Haihe River Plain. Findings are presented on the useof saline water, cycling and blending of saline and fresh waterfor irrigation, indexing of crops salt tolerances, regulating forsoil salt-water regime, saline-alkali land reclamation andgroundwater quality freshening. These approaches help therational regulation and utilization of the local water resourcesfor comprehensive control of drought, waterlogging and salinity.  相似文献   

Genome-wide analysis of the putative AP2/ERF family genes in Vitis vinifera     

Jing Zhuang  Ri-He Peng  Zong-Ming Cheng  Jian Zhang  Bin Cai  Zhen Zhang  Feng Gao  Bo Zhu  Xiao-Yan Fu  Xiao-Feng Jin  Jian-Min Chen  Yu-Shan Qiao  Ai-Sheng Xiong  Quan-Hong Yao 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009,123(1):73-81

  相似文献   

Polyamines enhance chilling tolerance of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) through modulating antioxidative system     

Wanping Zhang  Biao Jiang  Weiguan Li  Hui Song  Yongsong Yu  Jinfeng Chen 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009

Cucumber chilling-resistant cultivar Changchun mici and -sensitive cultivar Beijing jietou were used in this study to investigate the effects of exogenous PAs on protection against chilling injury as well as on changes of physiological features, and the fluctuation of free PAs content in the leaves under chilling stress. Upon chilling treatment, free spermidine (Spd), spermine (Spm) and putrescine (Put) were remarkably induced in the leaves of cv. Changchun mici 1 day after treatment. The induction of Put declined thereafter, whereas Spd and Spm levels increased steadily. In the leaves of cv. Beijing jietou, Put content was increased only at 1 day after chilling while Spd content decreased significantly upon chilling treatment. Chilling reduced soluble protein content, and decreased the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxidase dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) only in Beijing jietou. However, these changes could be renovated by exogenous application of Put and Spd. It was also found that pretreatment with Put and Spd diminished the increased electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde (MDA) content caused by chilling in the leaves of both cultivars. Pretreatment of methyglyoxal-bis-(guanylhydrazone) (MGBG), the PAs biosynthetic inhibitor cancelled the effects of PAs in most of the treatments. Moreover, histochemical staining and quantitative measurements showed that exogenous application of Put and Spd eliminated but MGBG exaggerated the hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) accumulation caused by chilling stress, especially in leaves of Beijing jietou. Interestingly, Changchun mici was found to contain higher endogenous free PAs contents compared to Beijing jietou. While no significant difference of SOD, POD and CAT activities was found between non-chilling Changchun mici and Beijing jietou seedlings, the former exhibited higher APX activity than the latter. These results suggest that PAs play important roles in the tolerance of cucumber against chilling stress, which is most likely achieved by acting as oxidative machinery against chilling injury.  相似文献   

Cybrid/hybrid plants regenerated from somatic fusions between male sterile Satsuma mandarin and seedy tangelos     

Xiaodong Cai  Jing Fu  Chunli Chen  Wenwu Guo 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009

Somatic hybridization provides an alternative for transferring mitochondria-encoded cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS). Herein, symmetric protoplast electrofusion was conducted between embryogenic callus protoplasts of Citrus unshiu Marc. cv. Guoqing No. 1 (G1), a CMS cultivar, and mesophyll-derived protoplasts of seedy ‘Page’ tangelo [C. reticulata Blanco × (C. reticulata Blanco × C. paradisi Macf.)] or ‘Nova’ tangelo [C. reticulata Blanco × (C. reticulata Blanco × C. paradisi Macf.)], to transfer CMS trait. Flow cytometry analysis showed that 14 plants recovered from G1 + ‘Page’ tangelo that displayed typical morphological character of ‘Page’ were diploid, and 6 plants regenerated from G1 + ‘Nova’ tangelo were tetraploid. Genetic compositions of regenerated plants from the two fusions were determined by SSR, CAPS and chloroplast-SSR analysis. Cybrid nature of diploids from G1 + ‘Page’ tangelo with nuclear DNA from ‘Page’, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from the G1 and chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) derived from either parent was confirmed. Tetraploid plants from G1 + ‘Nova’ tangelo were identified as somatic hybrids with random cpDNA inheritance. The regenerated cybrid and hybrid plants hold great potential for Citrus seedless breeding at diploid or triploid levels.  相似文献   

葡萄砧木的抗旱性鉴定与研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

陈绍莉  郭修武 《中国果树》2009,(1)

采用盆栽方法,对16个葡萄砧木品种(系)资源进行了抗旱性鉴定,并研究了干旱胁迫下葡萄砧木的生理变化规律,探讨了葡萄砧木的抗旱性机制,初步评价了抗旱性鉴定的指标和方法。结果表明:葡萄砧木品种(系)间抗旱性存在差异,16个砧木品种(系)被划分为4个抗旱等级;随着干旱胁迫时间延长,葡萄砧木生理代谢减弱(脯氨酸、可溶性糖、叶绿素等),并且抗旱性强的砧木生理代谢水平普遍高于抗旱性弱的砧木;可以把叶片相对含水量、叶绿素、丙二醛作为鉴定抗旱性大小评价的主要指标。  相似文献   

浅谈克服东魁杨梅大小年的关键技术     

陈阳 《中国果菜》2009,(6)

近几年来,我镇果农大量种植杨梅,经统计全镇共种植320.6亩.由于品种较杂,存在产量低、品质差,平均每亩可增产223.9kg左右,个别年份虽产量高但品质差,增产不增收的现状.  相似文献   

《园艺学总论》课程双语教学探讨     

高志红  陈素梅  陈劲枫  章镇 《中国园艺文摘》2009,25(2):124-126

双语教学是当前高等教育教学改革的热点。《园艺学总论》作为园艺专业的核心课程,被南京农业大学列为双语教学试点课程。为此,结合教学实践,系统地探讨《园艺学总论》双语教学的教学目标、教材选择、教学过程以及双语教学的评价体系。  相似文献   

散生指天小辣椒“满天星”的选育     

陈炳金  杨朝进  唐成书 《辣椒杂志》2009,(2):13-15

满天星是以辣椒胞质雄性不育系E4A为母本,恢复系E28C为父本配制的中熟辣椒一代杂种。果实羊角形,纵径6～8cm,横径1．0-1．2cm,平均单果质量4．5g。青熟果绿色,老熟果鲜红色,辣味香浓。每667m。产鲜红椒1800～2400kg,干椒300～400kg。抗CMV和疫病,中抗TMV,适宜全国各地早春露地和保护地栽培。  相似文献   

非传统通心粉生产工艺参数优     

陈洁  王春  李志伟  王冠岳 《农业机械学报》2009,40(5):105-109

通过对非传统通心粉生产工艺研究,探索采用国产小麦制作非传统通心粉较佳工艺条件.研究结果表明:生产非传统通心粉较佳的工艺条件为:和面加水量28%～30%,和面水的温度5～15℃,和面真空度60～80 kPa,挤压面团温度35～45℃;控制预干燥、主干燥、平衡干燥各阶段的温、湿度条件,可得到品质较好的非传统通心粉.  相似文献   

数字图像处理在SEM空蚀图像定量分析中的应用     

蒋代君  陈次昌  张涛  伍超 《农业机械学报》2009,40(6)

针对收缩-扩散型水洞中进行铝制翼型空蚀破坏试验时,传统度量不能准确量化翼型表面不同位置的空蚀程度,提出了数字图像检测的方法.获取试验翼型表面SEM空蚀图像,然后对图像进行模糊增强,并进行类间方差最大阈值分割,用二值形态学方法处理边缘,最后由统计特性计算出空蚀破坏表面积、蚀坑数量等.图像测量可得到空蚀对翼型表面破坏数值的定量结果.  相似文献