Multiproxy investigation of a Holocene sedimentary sequence near Ferrara (Italy): clues on the physiographic evolution of the eastern Padanian Plain     

Gianluca Bianchini  Stefano Cremonini  Dario Di Giuseppe  Gilmo Vianello  Livia Vittori Antisari 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2014,14(1):230-242

Purpose

This paper investigates soils and sediments from the eastern Padanian Plain (northern Italy) in order to delineate the physiographic evolution of the area.

Materials and methods

We present new geochemical, mineralogical and textural analyses of alluvial sediments collected from a 13-m-deep section located a few kilometres south of Ferrara. The chronology of the related depositional events is provided from ¹⁴C dating of tree trunks buried at depths of ca. 9 m and organic matter from the underlying horizons.

Results and discussion

The data indicate that (1) the upper part of the sequence (down to depths of 9 m) includes sediments characterized by low nickel–chromium (Ni–Cr) concentrations ascribed to the alluvial deposits of the river Reno, deposited in the last 400 years; (2) buried soils (depths of 9–10.5 m) developed on Ni–Cr-rich sediments related to the river Po; and (3) the deeper facies (depths of 10.5–13 m) are CaCO₃-free and characterized by higher amounts of organic carbon, sulphur and arsenic, reflecting episodic lacustrine/marsh environments. These wetlands probably developed in the area during the Iron and Roman ages, persisting up to the Middle Ages.

Conclusions

The data provide a contribution to the understanding of the evolution of the river network during the last 3,000 years and provide insights on the related paleohydrological framework that can be useful for geographical and historical reconstructions of the area. Results highlight the importance of investigating alluvial sediments to elucidate (1) fluctuations of environmental conditions and (2) anthropogenic impacts on the natural landscape.  相似文献   

Impact of fungicide application volume on ASIAN rust control and soybean crop yield     

de Souza  Diego Miranda  Raetano  Carlos Gilberto  Negrisoli  Matheus Mereb  Bernardes  Laryssa Moreira  Junior  Luciano Del Bem  Rodrigues  Danilo Morilha  da Silva  Flávio Nunes  Dario  Gustavo 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2022,163(4):853-864

European Journal of Plant Pathology - Multisite fungicides are an anti-resistance strategy to control Phakopsora pachyrhizi. Among the protective fungicides, mancozeb is a fungicide that has been...  相似文献   

Fertilization management of paddy fields in Piedmont (NW Italy) and its effects on the soil and water quality     

L. Zavattaro  M. Romani  D. Sacco  M. Bassanino  C. Grignani 《Paddy and Water Environment》2006,4(1):61-66

The fertilization management of the rice crop in Piedmont was analyzed at a regional scale, and the agronomic and environmental sustainability of the actual fertilization strategy of rice was evaluated through the analysis of its effect on the soils and waters quality. On average, a total amount of 127 kg ha⁻¹ of N, 67 kg ha⁻¹ of P₂O₅ and 161 kg ha⁻¹ of K₂O were supplied to the rice crop. In most cases N and P fertilization was rather well balanced with crop removal. The N balance was in the range ±50 kg for 77% of the surface. The low concentration of N in the groundwater reflected the small N surplus. P fertilization resulted to be smaller than removal for 53% of the surface. Nevertheless, the soil extractable P was very high, probably because of former higher P inputs. This resulted in a high concentration in water courses and aquifers. The K fertilization was excessive (surplus >100 kg ha⁻¹) for 53% of the surface, but most soils showed a low K content. K is probably contributing to nutrient leaching to a great extent. The average soil organic matter (SOM) content of paddy fields was higher than that of normally-cultivated soils in Piedmont, and the C/N was higher, owing to the low mineralization rate in waterlogged conditions. The SOM content was in relation with the management of the crop residues, as the tradition of burning straw after harvest was still widespread on 65% of the paddy surface.  相似文献   

Characterization of tomato leaf mould pathogen,Passalora fulva,in Croatia     

Novak  Adrijana  Ćosić  Jasenka  Vrandečić  Karolina  Jurković  Draženka  Plavec  Jelena  Križanac  Ivana  Ivić  Dario 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2021,128(4):1041-1049

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Leaf mould (Passalora fulva) has emerged as an important disease of greenhouse-growing tomato crops in Croatia during the last decade. In order to...  相似文献   

Orodental diseases and dermatological disorders are highly associated in pet rabbits: a case–control study     

Dario d'Ovidio  Domenico Santoro 《Veterinary dermatology》2013,24(5):531-e125

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Diphenylamine residues in apples caused by contamination in fruit storage facilities     

Robatscher P  Eisenstecken D  Sacco F  Pöhl H  Berger J  Zanella A  Oberhuber M 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(9):2205-2211

The potential of fruit storage facilities that are contaminated with the widely used chemical antioxidant diphenylamine to cross-contaminate untreated apples (Malus × domestica Borkh.) was studied. A new sample preparation method identified the storage room paint, contaminated from past treatments, as the major source of cross-contamination in the analyzed facilities. Diphenylamine amounts of up to 917 g were found in a single storage room and were shown to correlate with the extent of cross-contamination on stored apples. Our data support a diffusion-based mechanism where the wall paint releases the antioxidant to the storage room atmosphere even years after the last treatment. Given the extent of cross-contamination found in our model experiments and under commercial storage conditions, we deduce a significant risk of exceeding the potentially upcoming maximum residue level of 0.01 mg kg(-1) on stored fruit in contaminated rooms even years after the last diphenylamine treatment.  相似文献   

Assessment of the efficiency of tractor transmissions using acceleration tests     

Marco Bietresato  Dario Friso  Luigi Sartori 《Biosystems Engineering》2012,112(3):171-180

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From biology to management of Savi's pine vole (Microtus savii)          下载免费PDF全文

Elisa Ranchelli  Ralf Barfknecht  Dario Capizzi  Francesco Riga  Valeria Mazza  Filippo Dell'Agnello  Marco Zaccaroni 《Pest management science》2016,72(5):857-863

Savi's pine vole (Microtus savii) is a rodent species of the Cricetidae family, inhabiting southern European agroecosystems. It is considered to be the main cause of rodent‐attributed damage in Italy. To achieve an effective management, detailed knowledge of this species is needed. However, the available information about this species is fragmentary and incomplete. In this paper, the existing knowledge of Savi's pine vole taxonomy, reproduction, population dynamics, habitat and food preferences is reviewed in order to organise available information and identify priority areas of future research. Some of the changes in farming practices that have occurred in recent decades may have increased the impact of Savi's pine vole populations in crop fields. To manage this pest species effectively, an integrated strategy is recommended (involving habitat management, trapping and, when appropriate, the use of rodenticides). The apparent lack of cyclical population outbreaks and the relatively small litter size and long gestation and interpartum period of this species suggest that it could be more manageable than other vole species, while its strict herbivorous diet, stable population size in open habitats and wide distribution seem to indicate it as an ideal model species for risk assessment studies. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Cornus mas</Emphasis> (L.) Fruit as a Potential Source of Natural Health-Promoting Compounds: Physico-Chemical Characterisation of Bioactive Components     

Marta De Biaggi  Dario Donno  Maria Gabriella Mellano  Isidoro Riondato  Ernest N. Rakotoniaina  Gabriele L. Beccaro 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2018,73(2):89-94

Interest in new sources of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compounds has recently become a major research issue, with the cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) receiving particular attention for its significant amounts of phenolic compounds and vitamins, which exhibit a wide range of biological and pharmacological properties. This study was aimed at increasing knowledge regarding the cornelian cherry in Italy through the analysis of biologically active substances in the locally available genotype “Chieri”. Spectrophotometric methods were applied to evaluate antioxidant activity, total anthocyanin content and total polyphenolic content. Identification and quantification of the main phytochemical compounds (polyphenols, monoterpenes, organic acids and vitamin C) was performed via high performance liquid chromatography coupled to a diode array detector. C. mas extracts showed high levels of total soluble solids and low acidity. High amounts of phenolic secondary metabolites were observed, with particular reference to anthocyanins (134.71 mg_C3G/100 g_FW), which confer remarkable nutraceutical properties to the analysed samples. These results highlight the potential of C. mas fruits as a good source of natural antioxidants, suggesting their use as a functional food. Future studies should focus on identifying other specific phytochemical compounds and the genetic traits of local varieties in order to improve cornelian cherry cultivars for food and medicine production.  相似文献   

Soil quality index for cacao cropping systems     

Quintino Araujo  Dario Ahnert  Guilherme Loureiro  José Faria  Cinira Fernandes  Virupax Baligar 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2018,64(13):1892-1909

The soil quality index (SQI) for cacao cropping systems was developed to meet the nutritional criteria of the crop, the environmental safety of the cropping sites and the increasing demand for the production and quality of cocoa. Available water function (AWF), root growth function (RGF), mineral nutrition of plants function (MNF) and environmental safety function (ESF) for potentially toxic elements were included in the additive model of SQI for cacao cropping systems. In this study, over 66% of the cacao fields cropping sites were classified as regular SQI with a range of scores between 0.42 and 0.61. The field cropping site with the highest score (0.73) characterized as typic Alitic Red-Yellow Argisol was rated with high SQI. In contrast, the field cropping sites characterized as abrupt Cohesive Dystrophic Red-Yellow Argisol (0.29), typic Dystrophic Haplic Cambisol (0.39), and latosolic Dystrophic Yellow Argisol (0.40) were rated with low SQI. MNF and AWF were the functions that most contributed to the increase or decrease of SQI scores. The SQI adapted expressed the agro-environmental reality of cacao cropping systems of Bahia, Brazil, and this could be a versatile tool to subsidize the adequate soil management of cacao plantations around the world.  相似文献