Ultrasonographic changes of the equine stifle following experimental medial patellar desmotomy     

Martins EA  Silva LC  Baccarin RY 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2006,47(5):471-474

The objective of this study was to evaluate, through ultrasonography, the effect of medial patellar desmotomy. Middle patellar desmitis, enthesophytes in the patella, and irregularities in the cartilage of the femoral trochlear groove were observed. Medial patellar desmotomy leads to lesions in the stifle, and restriction of movement does not prevent these lesions from occurring.  相似文献   

Measured Soil Water Concentrations of Cadmium and Zinc in Plant Pots and Estimated Leaching Outflows from Contaminated Soils     

Holm  P.E.  Christensen  T.H.  Lorenz  S.E.  Hamon  R.E.  Domingues  H.C.  Sequeira  E.M.  McGrath  S.P. 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1998,102(1-2):105-115

Soil water concentrations of cadmium and zinc were measured in plant pots with 15 contaminated soils which differed in origin, texture, pH (5.1 – 7.8) and concentrations of cadmium (0.2 – 17 mg Cd kg-¹) and zinc (36 – 1300 mg Zn kg-¹). The soil waters contained total concentrations of 0.5 to 17 µg Cd L-¹ and 9 to 3600 µg Zn L-¹, which were dominated by free metal ions as measured by an ion exchange-resin method. Annual leaching outflows were estimated from soil water concentrations to be 0.5 – 17 g Cd ha-¹ y-¹ and 9 – 3600 g Zn ha-¹ y-¹ per 100 mm of net percolation, corresponding to 0.1% per year of the total soil content of cadmium and zinc. The measured soil water concentrations of cadmium and zinc did not correlate linearly with the corresponding soil concentrations but correlated fairly well with concentrations measured in Ca(NO₃)₂ extracts of the soils and with soil water concentrations estimated from soil concentrations and pH. Such concentration estimates may be useful for estimating amounts of cadmium and zinc being leached from soils.  相似文献   

The effects of tank colours on the growth and survival of cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis,Linnaeus 1758) hatchlings and juveniles     

António V Sykes  Pedro M Domingues  Lorenzo Márquez  José P Andrade 《Aquaculture Research》2011,42(3):441-449

The effects of different tank colours (white, yellow sandy and black) on the growth, mortality and biomass production were studied for hatchling and early juvenile cuttlefish. For hatchlings, the use of different colour tanks did not promote differences in growth due to the higher variability (standard deviation) found in the white‐ and sand‐coloured tanks. Black tanks promoted the lowest and highest values for total mortality and biomass respectively. For juveniles, the use of different tank colours promoted different growth (P<0.05), but not mortality. Black tanks promoted the best results in terms of growth and biomass. The results obtained in the present study advise the use of black (or dark colour) tanks in the hatchling and early juvenile stages to reduce the standard deviations associated with growth, mortality and biomass production. This will contribute to minimize problems associated with slow and fast growers and competition.  相似文献   

Effect of temperature on energetic demands during the last stages of embryonic development and early life of Octopus vulgaris (Cuvier, 1797) paralarvae          下载免费PDF全文

Manuel Nande  José Iglesias  Pedro Domingues  Montse Pérez 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(4):1951-1961

This study describes the effect of seasonal average temperatures (14 and 18°C) in the Ría of Vigo, on the utilization of external yolk over the last five Naef stages of development (XV–XX) for Octopus vulgaris embryos. Also, the transference of the outer yolk to the inner yolk sac, and its use during embryonic development and early life by O. vulgaris paralarvae. Temperature had a marked effect on embryonic development, except during stages XV–XIX (until the second inversion) where development time was the same (14 days), regardless of temperature. There were no significant differences in outer yolk decrease between consecutive Naef stages at 14°C and 18°C. Contrary, significant differences at all Naef stages from XV to XIX (both, with or without outer yolk) were observed for inner yolk between temperatures. A higher accumulation of inner yolk in embryos at 14°C was observed, due to lower yolk consumption. Paralarvae incubated at both temperatures were maintained independently at starvation during 4 days. At 18°C, a reduced accumulation of inner yolk, especially during Naef stage XIX, was observed. In 24 h old paralarvae, there was already significant higher inner yolk content at 14°C than at 18°C. Unfed paralarvae at 18°C lost weight faster than those at 14°C, due to higher energetic requirements. Finally, from these results, we propose a paralarvae rearing protocol during the first days after hatching and during the last five Naef stage (XV–XX) at lower temperatures, since the energy requirements are lower during the initial maturation stage.  相似文献   

Effects of two dietary protein levels on energy balance and digestive capacity of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Octopus maya</Emphasis>     

Carlos Rosas  Ariadna Sánchez  Cristina Pascual  Josué Aguila  Teresita Maldonado  Pedro Domingues 《Aquaculture International》2011,19(1):165-180

Octopus maya is a carnivorous species and protein is the main energy source. During the present study, two different dietary protein levels (40 and 60% CP) were offered to octopuses as specifically designed artificial diets, to determine protein needs and the effects on metabolism. Frozen crab (Callinectes spp.) was used as control. Results obtained demonstrated that crab remains as one of the best diets for O. maya. The artificial diet with 60% CP produced a low but positive growth rate, and at times, a physiological response similar to that observed in octopuses fed crabs. The present results show the capacity of O. maya juveniles to adjust their digestive enzymes to different types of food and protein level, and this appears to be well correlated with octopus growth. General proteases and trypsin from the pancreas were well correlated with growth rates. A low activity was observed in octopuses fed 40% PC diet (negative growth rate), while a high activity was present in octopuses fed 60% CP diet and crabs (low and high growth rate, respectively). In contrast, these same enzymes were inducted in the salivary glands of octopuses fed with the diet that promoted weight loss (40% CP diet), while a reduced activity was observed in octopuses fed crabs. Energy budget indicates that the animals ingested more than 1,000 kJ week⁻¹ kg⁻¹; with such energy, octopuses should satisfy their physiological demands such as was observed when animals were fed crab (I = 1,300 kJ week⁻¹ kg⁻¹; P = 834 kJ week⁻¹ kg⁻¹). However, a very low digested energy was observed in octopuses the fed artificial diets, indicating that these could have a factor that limits digestibility.  相似文献   

Effects of three culture densities on growth and survival of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Octopus vulgaris</Emphasis> (Cuvier, 1797)     

Pedro Domingues  Sandra Garcia  Diego Garrido 《Aquaculture International》2010,18(2):165-174

The purpoase of this research was to test the effects of three culture densities on the growth and survival of Octopus vulgaris. A total of 141 sub-adult octopuses (1,175.4 ± 194.9 g) were randomly distributed in nine tanks of 2,000 l each (3.6 m × 1.1 m, and 50 cm water depth). Three tanks were stocked with a low initial density of 4 kg/m³, while three other tanks were stocked with an initial density of 8 kg/m³, and the remaining three tanks were stocked at an initial density of 15 kg/m³. Octopuses were all fed frozen squid (Loligo gahi) at 5% body weight per day (%BW/day). The experiment lasted for 70 days. Water temperature varied between 20 ± 2°C, and salinity varied between 36 ± 1 ppt. During the entire experiment, dissolved oxygen was always >75%, and ammonia was always lower than 0.1 mg/l. No differences in growth or growth rates (between 0.9 and 1.1%BW/day for the three densities) were found. Nevertheless, mortality was significantly lower for the low density compared to the other two densities tested. Maximum densities in the culture tanks (>25 kg/m³) were attained in the higher culture densities after 56 days of the experiment.  相似文献   

Cometabolic Degradation of Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Pharmaceuticals by a Pentane Enrichment Culture     

I. Bragança  A. S. Danko  J. Pacheco  D. Frascari  C. Delerue-Matos  V. F. Domingues 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2016,227(7):227

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The effects of using crab zoeae (Maja brachydactyla) on growth and biochemical composition of Octopus vulgaris (Cuvier 1797) paralarvae     

J. Iglesias  G. Pazos  J. Fernández  F. J. Sánchez  J. J. Otero  P. Domingues  M. J. Lago  F. Linares 《Aquaculture International》2014,22(3):1041-1051

Octopus vulgaris farming at large scale can only be attained using live prey during the paralarvae stage. Presently, only Artemia complies with this requirement. Nevertheless, its sole use delivers poor paralarvae growth and survival. Some species of marine zooplankton are better prey for marine fish larvae compared to Artemia, since its composition is richer in several important nutritional components. Among these are phospholipids and specific fatty acids, namely docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid and arachidonic acid. During the present experiment, octopus paralarvae were fed a co-feeding scheme of spider crab (Maja brachydactyla) zoeae and Artemia (1:2, Artemia/Crab zoeae). The use of spider crab zoeae was justified by their availability in commercial facilities, where adult spider crabs are maintained to be sold to the public. There, fecund and spawning females are present in large numbers, and zoeae availability is often high and implies no production or zoeae collection costs. O. vulgaris paralarvae fed on Artemia and crab zoeae grew larger (3.00 ± 0.56 mg dw^?1) after 30 days, compared to previous published papers. Also, the paralarvae lipid content was substantially enhanced in highly unsaturated fatty acids and phospholipids. However, survival after 30 days was still very low (1.75 % after 30 days) and needs to be greatly improved.  相似文献   

Prior and concomitant dehydroepiandrosterone treatment affects immunologic response of cultured macrophages infected with Trypanosoma cruzi in vitro?     

Kuehn CC  Oliveira LG  Santos CD  Augusto MB  Toldo MP  do Prado JC 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,177(3-4):242-246

DHEA, a steroid hormone synthesized from cholesterol by cells of the adrenal cortex, plays an essential role in enhancing the host's resistance to different experimental infections. Receptors for this hormone can be found in distinct immune cells (especially macrophages) that are known to be the first line defense against Trypanosoma cruzi infection. These cells operate through an indirect pathway releasing nitric oxide (NO) and cytokines such TNF-α and IL-12 which in turn trigger an enhancement of natural killer cells and lymphocytes which finally secrete pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines. The effects of pre- and post-infection DHEA treatment on production of IL-12, TNFα and NO were evaluated. T. cruzi infected macrophages post treated with DHEA displayed enhanced concentrations of TNF-α, IL-12 and NO. Probably, the mechanisms that induced the production of cytokines by infected cells are more efficient when the immune system has been stimulated first by parasite invasion, suggesting that the protective role of DHEA is greater when administered post infection.  相似文献   

Heart rhythm during episodes of collapse in boxers with frequent or complex ventricular ectopy     

M. Domingues  V. J. Brookes  P. Oliveira  A. Mavropoulou  R. Willis 《The Journal of small animal practice》2020,61(2):127-136

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