Sequential Application of Soil Vapor Extraction and Bioremediation Processes for the Remediation of Ethylbenzene-Contaminated Soils     

António Alves Soares  Maria Teresa Pinho  José Tomás Albergaria  Valentina Domingues  Maria da Concei??o M. Alvim-Ferraz  Paolo De Marco  Cristina Delerue-Matos 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2012,223(5):2601-2609

Soil vapor extraction (SVE) is an efficient, well-known and widely applied soil remediation technology. However, under certain conditions it cannot achieve the defined cleanup goals, requiring further treatment, for example, through bioremediation (BR). The sequential application of these technologies is presented as a valid option but is not yet entirely studied. This work presents the study of the remediation of ethylbenzene (EB)-contaminated soils, with different soil water and natural organic matter (NOMC) contents, using sequential SVE and BR. The obtained results allow the conclusion that: (1) SVE was sufficient to reach the cleanup goals in 63% of the experiments (all the soils with NOMC below 4%), (2) higher NOMCs led to longer SVE remediation times, (3) BR showed to be a possible and cost-effective option when EB concentrations were lower than 335?mg?kg _soil ^?1 , and (4) concentrations of EB above 438?mg?kg _soil ^?1 showed to be inhibitory for microbial activity.  相似文献   

Variations in Weight and Proximate Composition of Newly Hatched Octopus vulgaris (Cuvier 1797) Paralarvae     

P. Domingues  F. J. Sánchez  J. Iglesias  J. J. Otero  G. Pazos  F. Linares 《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2013,25(3):219-226

Abstract

Survival and growth of juvenile octopi vary considerably. The objective of this research was to determine variations in weight, total lipids (TL), and total protein (TP) of newly hatched Octopus vulgaris paralarvae (0 days old) over the course of the spawning period. Newly hatched paralarvae dry weight from three females decreased throughout the spawning period. Similarly, newly hatched paralarvae TL percent decreased consistently (p < 0.05) in two of them and remained similar (p > 0.05) for the third female. Contrary, TP% did not vary regardless of the female or the time of hatching throughout paralarvae spawning. In conclusion, we believe that paralarvae used in O. vulgaris culture should be collected during the first 10 days of spawning, as they are larger and have higher lipid content; this increases the chances of a successful paralarvae culture, which is the major bottleneck in the culture of this species.  相似文献   

Protein and amino acid composition from the mantle of juvenile O ctopus vulgaris exposed to prolonged starvation     

Sandra García‐Garrido  Ismael Hachero‐Cruzado  Carlos Rosas  Pedro Domingues 《Aquaculture Research》2013,44(11):1741-1751

Protein and amino acid composition of the mantle of juvenile O ctopus vulgaris (Cuvier, 1797) during fasting for 27 days were determined. Average protein content of octopus mantle was of 711.19 ± 46.80 g kg^?1 DW, and it decreased with increasing fasting days. The non‐essential amino acids content was higher (486.18 ± 11.08 g kg^?1 protein) than essential amino acids (425.82 ± 9.15 g kg^?1 protein) at the start of the experiment (unstarved animals). The results suggest that the amino acid profile of the mantle where the most abundant amino acids are Arg, His, Lys, Gly, Leu and Pro could indicate a prolonged fasting condition (>20 days) or poor nutrition of O . vulgaris. This study supports the idea of using mantle for metabolic needs of starved O . vulgaris suggesting that the degradation pathway of amino acids to pyruvate and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates was favoured contrary to the degradation pathway of ketogenic amino acids. Special considerations should be taken concerning Thr, Ile, Ser, Ala, Asx (Asp, Asn), Glx (Glu, Gln) (because of their fast intake) and Lys and His (due to their stable contents) during a prolonged period of fasting.  相似文献   

Growth and survival of juvenile spider crabs,Maja brachydactyla (Balss, 1922), fed with fresh or frozen mussels     

Pedro Domingues  Javier Alaminos  Sandra García‐Garrido  Ismael Hachero‐Cruzado  Carlos Rosas 《Aquaculture Research》2012,43(2):167-177

The effects of diet freezing on the growth, survival and biochemical composition of the diets and juvenile spider crabs (Maja brachydactyla) were studied. Fresh and frozen (at ?20 °C for 21 days) mussels, Mytilus edulis, were used as food. Two experiments were conducted and in each, spider crabs were placed in individual trays. During experiment I, 40 juvenile spider crabs (2 months old) were used. Twenty animals (9 ± 2 mg) were fed fresh mussels, and 20 animals (8 ± 2 mg) were fed frozen mussels. Spider crabs fed fresh mussels grew larger than the ones fed frozen mussels (304.0 ± 118.0 and 70.0 ± 40.1 mg respectively). During experiment II, 16 juvenile spider crabs (5 months old) were used. Eight animals (3.4 ± 0.8 g) were fed fresh mussel and eight animals (4.1 ± 1.3 g) were fed frozen mussel. Spider crabs fed with fresh mussels were larger than the ones fed with frozen mussels (92.5 ± 41.7 and 41.5 ± 17.7 g respectively). There were no significant differences in the protein, amino acids and fatty acid composition between fresh and frozen mussels. The freezing procedure makes mussels less adequate for the culture of 2‐month‐old early juveniles of M. brachydactyla up to 5 months, although they promoted acceptable growth and good survival in older animals (>5 months old).  相似文献   

Effects of two diets on lipid composition and reproductive performance of brill (Scophthalmus rhombus) eggs     

Ismael Hachero‐Cruzado  Pilar Olmo  Beatriz Sánchez  Marcelino Herrera  Pedro Domingues 《Aquaculture Research》2012,43(10):1439-1450

The effects of two diets with different lipid composition (squid Loligo gahi and one commercial pellet for breeders) on reproductive performance and egg lipid composition of brill (Scophthalmus rhombus) were compared. A total of 36 adult brill weighing 1482 ± 432 g were randomly distributed in the experimental tanks. A flow‐through system composed of four tanks with 4.2 m² of bottom area (5.0 m³ × 1.2 m water depth) was used. The experiment lasted for approximately 5 months (168 days). From the four mature females fed squid, three ovulated. Five females fed pellets matured and ovulated. Total ovulations were of 10 and 44, by the three females fed squid and the five ovulating female fed pellets respectively. Egg viability was higher, although not significantly, for females fed pellets. This indicates that pellets could be a better food for breeding females. In general, the egg total lipid content and the lipid classes composition did not seem to be affected by diet. In contrast, results indicate that not only diets but also individual females, regardless of the diet consumed, are determinant for egg fatty acid composition, clearly modulating their composition.  相似文献   

Growth performance of Nile tilapia,Oreochromis niloticus,fed diets containing levels of pyridoxine and haematological response under heat stress     

Caroline Pelegrina Teixeira  Margarida Maria Barros  Luiz Edivaldo Pezzato  Ademir Calvo Fernandes  Jr  João Fernando Albers Koch  Carlos Roberto Padovani 《Aquaculture Research》2012,43(8):1081-1088

In order to assess the effect of dietary pyridoxine supplementation on the growth performance of Nile tilapia and the haematological response under heat stress, 192 fingerlings (8.41 ± 0.22 g) were randomly distributed into eight tanks and fed practical diets supplemented with increasing levels of pyridoxine (0.0; 5.0; 10.0 and 20.0 mg of pyridoxal HCl kg^?1 diet) for 91 days. The fish were then weighed and the diet was quantified to determine the growth performance [weight gain (WG), feed intake, feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency rate, protein retention (PR) and survival percentage]. Haematological analyses (red blood cell count, haematocrit, haemoglobin, total leucocyte and differentiation, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, albumin, globulin and albumin/globulin ratio) were carried out and then 32 fish were transferred and subjected to heat stress (32 °C) for 3 days, after which the haematological parameters were analysed. The fish fed the unsupplemented diet showed the lowest WG and PR. For the normal growth and health of the Nile tilapia, the Pyridoxine requirement in a practical diet is 10.0 mg of pyridoxine HCl kg^?1.  相似文献   

Genetic connectivity and phylogeography of the night shark (Carcharhinus signatus) in the western Atlantic Ocean: Implications for conservation management     

Rodrigo R. Domingues  Christine C. Bruels  Otto B.F. Gadig  Demian D. Chapman  Alexandre W.S. Hilsdorf  Mahmood S. Shivji 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2019,29(1):102-114

Effects of food thermal treatment on growth, absorption, and assimilation efficiency of juvenile cuttlefish, Sepia officinalis     

Pedro M. Domingues  Lorenzo Marquez  Nelda López  Carlos Rosas 《Aquaculture International》2009,17(3):283-299

The diet of frozen grass shrimp (P. varians) was compared to similar grass shrimp that had suffered either boiling, drying at 60°C, or freeze-drying by lyophilization at −40°C. In experiment 1, cuttlefish fed the frozen shrimp were significantly larger (P < 0.05) at the end of 10 days and at the end of the experiment, compared with those fed the boiled or dried shrimp. Growth rates were also higher for cuttlefish fed the frozen shrimp, compared with the remaining two. Growth rates were also higher for cuttlefish fed the frozen shrimp, compared with the remaining two. In experiment 2, there were no differences in weight (P > 0.05) between cuttlefish fed the frozen or the freeze-dried shrimp, whereas cuttlefish fed the dried shrimp were smaller at the end of the experiment. Growth rates of cuttlefish fed the dried shrimp were lower, compared with those for cuttlefish fed the frozen and freeze-dried shrimp, with no significant differences (P > 0.05) between them. Cuttlefish fed freeze-dried and frozen shrimp showed a higher trypsin activity compared to animals fed boiled and dry (60°C) shrimp. A higher proportion of absorbed energy was channelled into biomass production in animals fed frozen and freeze-dried shrimp (56% and 43%, respectively) than for animals fed oven-dried (60°C) or boiled shrimp. The heat treatment suffered by the shrimp, either dry or wet, negatively affected diet quality, probably due to denaturation, and loss (by boiling) of proteins and amino acids. Additionally, the heating processes may have oxidized the lipids to a large extent, contributing to the loss of the polar lipids (polyunsaturated fatty acids), which are essential for cephalopods as for other organisms. Freeze-drying by lyophilization (negative temperatures) did not affect the nutritional quality of the shrimp.  相似文献   

Bioactivities of Lipid Extracts and Complex Lipids from Seaweeds: Current Knowledge and Future Prospects     

Diana Lopes  Felisa Rey  Miguel C. Leal  Ana I. Lilleb  Ricardo Calado  Maria Rosrio Domingues 《Marine drugs》2021,19(12)

While complex lipids of seaweeds are known to display important phytochemical properties, their full potential is yet to be explored. This review summarizes the findings of a systematic survey of scientific publications spanning over the years 2000 to January 2021 retrieved from Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus databases to map the state of the art and identify knowledge gaps on the relationship between the complex lipids of seaweeds and their reported bioactivities. Eligible publications (270 in total) were classified in five categories according to the type of studies using seaweeds as raw biomass (category 1); studies using organic extracts (category 2); studies using organic extracts with identified complex lipids (category 3); studies of extracts enriched in isolated groups or classes of complex lipids (category 4); and studies of isolated complex lipids molecular species (category 5), organized by seaweed phyla and reported bioactivities. Studies that identified the molecular composition of these bioactive compounds in detail (29 in total) were selected and described according to their bioactivities (antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and others). Overall, to date, the value for seaweeds in terms of health and wellness effects were found to be mostly based on empirical knowledge. Although lipids from seaweeds are little explored, the published work showed the potential of lipid extracts, fractions, and complex lipids from seaweeds as functional ingredients for the food and feed, cosmeceutical, and pharmaceutical industries. This knowledge will boost the use of the chemical diversity of seaweeds for innovative value-added products and new biotechnological applications.  相似文献   

Apparent Protein and Energy Digestibility and Amino Acid Availability of Corn and Co‐products in Extruded Diets for Nile Tilapia,Oreochromis niloticus          下载免费PDF全文

Luiz Vítor Oliveira Vidal  Tadeu Orlandi Xavier  Mariana Michelato  Elias Nunes Martins  Luiz Edivaldo Pezzato  Wilson Massamitu Furuya 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2015,46(2):183-190

We assessed the nutritional value of corn in extruded diets for Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, by determining the apparent digestibility coefficients of dry matter, crude protein, and gross energy, and by measuring the apparent availability coefficients (AACs) of essential and non‐essential amino acids (AAs) in several corn‐based diets. We fed 180 juvenile Nile tilapia a reference diet containing 325.8 g/kg crude protein and 4613 kcal/kg gross energy or a test diet containing a 70:30 mixture of the reference diet and a test ingredient (whole corn, corn germ, corn germ meal, corn gluten feed, or corn gluten meal). The apparent digestibility coefficients ranged from 56.3 to 96.6% (dry matter), 89.4 to 96.8% (crude protein), and 59.0 to 95.4% (gross energy). The AACs of all AAs exceeded 80% for all diets and were >90% for corn gluten meal. All ingredients showed high levels of apparent digestibility for crude protein and high AACs of AAs. Diets based on whole corn or corn gluten meal showed higher digestibility values for dry matter and gross energy, suggesting that they are preferable choices for Nile tilapia.  相似文献