Current Status and Bottle Neck of Octopod Aquaculture: The Case of American Species     

Iker Uriarte  Jos Iglesias  Pedro Domingues  Carlos Rosas  María T. Viana  Juan C. Navarro  Pedro Seixas  Erica Vidal  Alberto Ausburger  Sandra Pereda  Flix Godoy  Kurt Paschke  Ana Farías  Alberto Olivares  Oscar Zuiga 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2011,42(6):735-752

The increasing market demand for cephalopods and the experiences obtained with different species has boosted the interest in developing their culture in Latin America. In 2008, an international workshop was held in Puerto Montt, Chile, with 14 experts in experimental cephalopods aquaculture from Brazil, Chile, Spain, and Mexico. Several topics were approached within the holobenthic species Octopus maya and the merobenthic species Enteroctopus megalocyathus, Octopus vulgaris, and Robsonella fontaniana. Part of the conclusions demonstrated that the two greatest difficulties for their production were survival of paralarvae for merobenthic species, and survival of early juveniles for holobenthic species. Besides, there is a need to study the endogenous and exogenous factors affecting health and nutritional status of embryos, paralarvae, and juveniles. These stages, which may limit the culture, should be extensively studied in order to develop the appropriate environmental conditions and culture systems for the physiological and behavioral requirements, from egg incubation up to juveniles to reach a grow‐out phase.  相似文献   

Amino acids composition and protein quality evaluation of marine species and meals for feed formulations in cephalopods     

Jesús Cerezo Valverde  Silvia Martínez-Llorens  Ana Tomás Vidal  Miguel Jover  Carmen Rodríguez  Juán Estefanell  Joan I. Gairín  Pedro Miguel Domingues  Carlos J. Rodríguez  Benjamín García García 《Aquaculture International》2013,21(2):413-433

The amino acid composition and protein levels of three species of cephalopods (Octopus vulgaris, Loligo gahi and Todarodes sagittatus), the natural diets of common octopus (O. vulgaris) and different kinds of meals were determined in order to optimise the content of these nutrients in artificial feeds. Arginine, leucine and lysine were the most abundant essential amino acids in cephalopods, while glutamate and aspartate represented the main non-essential amino acids. Arginine and leucine were the limiting amino acid in most samples, with maximum Chemical Score values for mussel (79–98 %), squid (84 %) and crustaceans (65–91 %); medium for fish (41–70 %); and minimum for meals (29–64 %). Mussel, squid, crustaceans and fish showed a high essential amino acid index according to Oser (OI: 88–99 %) suggesting a suitable amino acid balance. The protein from animal meals (fish and krill) covered all the essential amino acids except arginine and lysine in fish meal. The vegetable meal presented the worst amino acid balance (OI: 74–89 %) with several deficiencies in essential amino acids, including arginine, threonine, lysine and methionine. Supplementation with arginine or leucine and protein complementation of crustaceans and bivalves with fish or animal meal are proposed as alternatives for improving the performance of protein in feed for cephalopods.  相似文献   

Coupling soil transfer from hillslope to riparian zone through natural fingerprint in a catchment with tobacco crop     

Melquiades  Fábio L.  Bastos  Rodrigo O.  Andreoni  Leonardo S.  Thomaz  Edivaldo L.  Antoneli  Valdemir 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2019,19(4):1928-1936

Journal of Soils and Sediments - Studies on soil provenance are important to evaluate the impacts generated in agricultural soil and in the micro basin environment intending to point out solutions...  相似文献   

Neotropical Monogenoidea. 40. Protorhinoxenus prochilodi gen. n., sp. n. (Monogenoidea: Ancyrocephalinae), parasite of prochilodus lineatus (Characiformes: Prochilodontidae) from south Brazil     

Domingues MV  Boege WA 《Folia parasitologica》2002,49(1):35-38

The monotypic Protorhinoxenus gen. n. is proposed to accommodate a species with the following characteristics: 1) tubular sclerotised vagina, 2) vaginal pore dextrolateral, 3) ventral and dorsal anchors with undifferentiated elongate shaft and base (representing approximately 2/3 of the length of anchor), and 4) superficial and deep roots of ventral and dorsal anchors lacking. Protorhinoxenus prochilodi sp. n. is described from the gills of Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes) of the Represa Capivari-Cachoeira, Municipality of Campina Grande do Sul, metropolitan area of Curitiba, Paraná. Specimens of other probable new species of Protorhinoxenus are reported from Prochilodus lineatus of the Rio Paranapanema, Municipality of Salto Grande, S?o Paulo; Hoplias spp. of the Rio Dois de Fevereiro, Municipality of Antonina, Paraná, and the Rio Piraquara, metropolitan area of Curitiba, Parana; Leporinus elongatus Valenciennes of the Rio Tibagi, Municipality of Jataizinho, Parana; and Schizodon fasciatum Agassiz of the Rio Solim?es, island of Marchantaria, near Manaus, Amazonas. Protorhinoxenus appears to be a sister group of Rhinoxenus Kritsky, Boeger et Thatcher, 1988 based on the following apparent synapomorphies: 1) ventral and dorsal anchors lacking superficial and deep roots, 2) ventral and dorsal anchors with elongate shaft, and 3) male copulatory organ with counterclockwise rings.  相似文献   

Dot-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay as an alternative technique for the detection of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) antibodies     

Domingues HG  Campalans J  Almeida RS  Coswig LT  Arns CW 《Veterinary research》2002,33(4):397-404

A dot-ELISA test for the detection of anti-BRSV antibodies is described. The objective of this study was the standardisation of a test as a fast, inexpensive and effective alternative to detect anti-BRSV antibodies. Its sensitivity, specificity and usefulness were compared to a commercial ELISA-kit and to the standard serum neutralisation (SN) test. The standardisation of the technique was done using nitrocellulose disks soaked with a viral sample isolated in Brazil, BRSV-25-BR. The best results were obtained when the disks were sensitised with a purified antigen at a concentration of 0.7 microg/disk and the bovine serum was diluted 1: 200. The experiment used 423 samples of bovine serum collected in the main cattle breeding centres in Brazil. The standard SN, dot-ELISA technique and commercial ELISA kits scored 67.8%, 71.8% and 72.3% of the samples as positive, respectively. When compared to the SN test, the standardised dot-ELISA and the commercial ELISA tests presented relative sensitivities of 92.3% and 91.6% and relative specificities of 71.3% and 68.4% respectively. The results demonstrated that the dot-ELISA test is adequate for the objectives proposed by this study, being easy to use and economically viable. Thus, this test represents an alternative for BRSV serological diagnosis in the substitution of SN and commercial ELISA tests, recommendable for utilisation in laboratories with few resources.  相似文献   

Microalgae as Sustainable Bio-Factories of Healthy Lipids: Evaluating Fatty Acid Content and Antioxidant Activity     

Tiago A. Conde  Bruna F. Neves  Daniela Couto  Tnia Melo  Bruno Neves  Margarida Costa  Joana Silva  Pedro Domingues  M. Rosrio Domingues 《Marine drugs》2021,19(7)

The demand for sustainable and environmentally friendly food sources and food ingredients is increasing, and microalgae are promoted as a sustainable source of essential and bioactive lipids, with high levels of omega-3 fatty acids (ω-3 FA), comparable to those of fish. However, most FA screening studies on algae are scattered or use different methodologies, preventing a true comparison of its content between microalgae. In this work, we used gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS) to characterize the FA profile of seven different commercial microalgae with biotechnological applications (Chlorella vulgaris, Chlorococcum amblystomatis, Scenedesmus obliquus, Tetraselmis chui, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Spirulina sp., and Nannochloropsis oceanica). Screening for antioxidant activity was also performed to understand the relationship between FA profile and bioactivity. Microalgae exhibited specific FA profiles with a different composition, namely in the ω-3 FA profile, but with species of the same phylum showing similar tendencies. The different lipid extracts showed similar antioxidant activities, but with a low activity of the extracts of Nannochloropsis oceanica. Overall, this study provides a direct comparison of FA profiles between microalgae species, supporting the role of these species as alternative, sustainable, and healthy sources of essential lipids.  相似文献   

The effects of temperature in the life cycle of two consecutive generations of the cuttlefish Sepia officinalis (Linnaeus, 1758), cultured in the Algarve (South Portugal)     

Pedro M. Domingues  António Sykes  José P. Andrade 《Aquaculture International》2002,10(3):207-220

We are presently culturing the 4^th generation of thecuttlefish, Sepia officinalis in our laboratory. A firstgeneration (F1) was grown from eggs collected from the wild (Ria Formosa–South Portugal) during the summer, at mean temperatures of 27°C ± 3°. In the present study, a second generation(F2), originated from eggs laid in the laboratory by females from F1 wascultured between the start of autumn and the end of spring, at meantemperaturesof 15 °C ± 4 °C. The life cycle ofcuttlefish from F2 was compared to F1. Populations of 30 cuttlefish were usedineach experiment. Cuttlefish were grown from one day old until the cycle wascompleted (when the last female in each population had died). Cuttlefish fromF2cultured at much lower temperatures had a longer life cycle, of almost 9 months(260 days) compared to cuttlefish from F1, which completed their cycle in lessthan 6 months (165 days). Cuttlefish from F2 grew significantly larger (U =0.00; p < 0.01) with mean weights of 343.3 ± 80.5 g and248 ± 33.1 g for males and females, respectively, comparedtoF1 (199.6 ± 40 g and 143.3 ± 30.9 g formales and females, respectively). Females from F2 had higher fecundity (225eggsfemale^–1) compared to females from F1 (144 eggs perfemale^–1), produced bigger eggs (t = 45.60752; p < 0.0001),weighing 0.74 ± 0.18 g, compared to 0.46 ± 0.11 fromF1,and bigger hatchlings (t = 7,144783; p < 0.0001), weighing 0.10 ±0.02g, compared to 0.09 ± 0.02 g for the summerpopulation.  相似文献   

Effects of culture density and live prey on growth and survival of juvenile cuttlefish, Sepia officinalis     

P. Domingues  R. Poirier  L. Dickel  E. Almansa  A. Sykes  J.P. Andrade 《Aquaculture International》2003,11(3):225-242

The effects of culture density on growth and survival of juvenile cuttlefish were tested. Groups of 1, 3 and 5 hatchlings were placed in small containers with bottom surface of 80 cm², obtaining individual densities of 125, 375 and 625 cuttlefish m^–2, respectively. Additionally, groups of 5 hatchlings were placed in containers with 2 different bottom areas (80 and 240 cm²), providing culture densities of 625 and 42 cuttlefish m^–2, respectively. A total of 120 hatchlings were used and experiments lasted for 40 days. No differences were found in growth between any of the densities tested throughout the experiment until 35 days old. After this, cuttlefish placed in isolation grew significantly larger. A second experiment was conducted in a flow through system, using two rectangular tanks with bottom surface of 0.5 m². Two groups of 25 cuttlefish hatchlings were used in this experiment, which lasted for 40 days. Both groups were fed live juvenile shrimp (Crangon crangon) during the first 5 days. Afterwards, one group was fed live fish fry of different species, while the other continued to be fed shrimp. After day 10 and until the end of the experiment, hatchlings fed shrimp grew significantly larger than those fed fish fry. Survival of hatchlings fed shrimp or fish fry after 40 days was of 100% and 68%, respectively. Total protein content of both prey types was similar. Therefore, the higher polar lipid content, especially due to the higher phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine levels observed in the shrimp, compared to fish fry could possibly be one of the major factor to explain the significantly higher growth rates for S. officinalis juveniles fed shrimp. Also, the percentage of polar lipids in the shrimp (47.4%) was closer to the one of juvenile cuttlefish (38.1%) than the composition of polar lipids in fish fry (10.4%). This could also be an important factor to explain the poor growth and survival obtained when feeding fish fry to the cuttlefish.  相似文献   

Tobacco harvest phase is critical to runoff and soil loss in conventional tillage system     

Valdemir Antoneli  João Anésio Bednarz  Edivaldo Lopes Thomaz 《Soil Use and Management》2023,39(1):249-259

Soil erosion in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) cultivation has been reported in recent years around the world. Moreover, studies also demonstrated total soil loss during cultivation. In this study, we proposed an assessment of loss of water and soil during the phases of tobacco cultivation. The tobacco cultivation cycle is approximately 180 days in Southern Brazil. We divided this period into 6 phases from planting (September) to the end of the harvest. During the phases, there were variations in soil management, which may indicate different rates of water and soil loss. Gerlach gutters were used to mediate soil and water loss. At each phase of cultivation, we also measured the surface roughness of the soil, water retention, soil exposure, trampling, soil resistance and soil bulk. Our results show that during cultivation the water and soil loss were 10.2% and 62.7 Mg ha⁻¹, respectively. However, the variation of activities during tobacco cultivation indicates different rates of water and soil loss. In the first three phases (90 days after planting), the surface roughness remained high (~19.2%) due to the soil turning, thus reducing the loss of water and soil despite little ground surface coverage. The soil tillage is stopped when the harvest of tobacco begins 120 days after planting. During the harvest, there was an increase in daily activities in the tobacco field, as the leaves were harvested every week, thus reducing soil roughness (~6.8%) and increasing soil density and strength. These conditions increased the rate of soil erosion during harvest. Therefore, the harvest phase is critical to runoff and soil loss.  相似文献   

The control of floating macrophytes by grass carp in net cages: experiments in two tropical hydroelectric reservoirs          下载免费PDF全文

Fernando D Domingues  Fernando L R M Starling  Clarice C Nova  Bruna R Loureiro  Leonardo C e Souza  Christina W C Branco 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(7):3356-3368

The efficiency of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella Val.) for biological control of floating aquatic macrophytes in net cages was assessed in two eutrophic tropical hydroelectric reservoirs through experiments using three macrophyte species (Eichhornia crassipes, Pistia stratiotes and Salvinia auriculata). A total of twenty experiments were performed in these reservoirs with a duration period between 21 and 30 days, during distinct seasons of the year. Sets of experiments were conducted using the three macrophyte species simultaneously in both reservoirs, and additional experiments were performed in one reservoir involving the separate use of each species. All macrophytes demonstrated significant growth in the absence of fish with total per day biomass increase rate ranging from 0.06 to 17.00%. The presence of grass carp significantly reduced macrophyte biomass in both reservoirs independent of fish size, stocking rate and available cage space. In all seasons, grass carp grazing pressure was higher for S. auriculata and lower for P. stratiotes. The results show that grass carp in net cages was able to use aquatic macrophytes as the only food source, controlling massive plant growth (especially S. auriculata and E. crassipes). Fish cages, already implemented in several reservoirs in Brazil, are easily manageable units at relatively low cost. Thus, biocontrol of macrophytes using caged grass carp is proposed as an effective low‐budget ecotechnological tool to control consumable plants while avoiding the removal of desirable aquatic vegetation and the resultant impact on local fauna.  相似文献