IGF-I,GHR and UCP mRNA expression in the liver and muscle of high- and low-feed-efficiency laying Japanese quail at different environmental temperatures     

Eliane Gasparino  Débora Marques Voltolini  Ana Paula Del Vesco  Simone Eliza Facioni Guimarães  Carlos Souza do Nascimento  Adhemar Rodrigues de Oliveira Neto 《Livestock Science》2013,157(1):339-344

In this study, we analyzed insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), growth hormone receptor (GHR) and uncoupling protein (UCP) mRNA expression in the muscle and liver of high- (0.23 g/g) and low- (0.17 g/g) feed-efficiency (FE) Japanese quail at three different air temperatures: comfortable (25 °C), heat stress (38 °C) for 12 h or cold stress (10 °C) for 12 h. Total RNA was extracted from the liver and breast muscle of each quail, and cDNA was amplified using specific primers for the target genes. Expression was analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). IGF-I mRNA expression was higher in the livers of high-FE quail than in the livers of low-FE quail under both heat and cold stress conditions. High-FE birds also showed higher GHR mRNA expression independent of temperature. UCP mRNA expression in the liver was lower in high-FE birds and higher under heat stress compared with the other conditions. IGF-I mRNA expression was higher in the muscle of high-FE quail under the three conditions tested, and UCP mRNA expression was higher under cold stress. Our results suggest that air temperature affects the expression of genes related to growth and mitochondrial energy production, and quail with different feed efficiencies respond differently to environmental stimuli.  相似文献   

Expression of thymic stromal lymphopoietin in canine atopic dermatitis     

Jolanta Klukowska‐Rötzler  Ludovic Chervet  Eliane J. Müller  Petra Roosje  Eliane Marti  Jozef Janda 《Veterinary dermatology》2013,24(1):54-e14

Background – In humans, thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) plays a central role in the development of allergic inflammation, such as atopic dermatitis (AD), but it is unknown whether it is involved in the pathogenesis of canine AD (CAD). Hypothesis/Objectives – Our aim was to characterize canine TSLP and to assess its expression in CAD. Methods – Canine TSLP was identified based on sequence homology with human TSLP and the complementary DNA (cDNA) cloned by RT‐PCR. Real‐time quantitative RT‐PCR was established to assess the expression of canine TSLP in cultured canine keratinocytes and in skin biopsy specimens from lesional and nonlesional skin of 12 dogs with CAD and eight healthy control dogs. Results – Partial canine TSLP cDNA was cloned and characterized. It contained four exons that shared 70 and 73% nucleotide identity with human and equine TSLP, respectively, encoding the signal peptide and full‐length secreted protein. We found significantly increased TSLP expression in lesional and nonlesional skin of dogs with CAD compared with healthy control dogs (P < 0.05), whereas no difference was measured between lesional and nonlesional samples. In cultured primary canine keratinocytes, we found increased TSLP expression after stimulation with house dust mite allergen extract or Toll‐like receptor ligands lipopolysaccharide and poly I:C. Conclusions and clinical importance – Increased TSLP expression in the skin of dogs with CAD supports an involvement of TSLP in the pathogenesis of CAD similar to that in humans. Further studies should elucidate the function and therapeutic potential of TSLP in CAD.  相似文献   

Reproduction of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) B biotype in maize fields (Zea mays L.) in Brazil          下载免费PDF全文

Eliane D Quintela  Aluana G Abreu  Julyana F dos S Lima  Gabriel M Mascarin  Jardel B dos Santos  Judith K Brown 《Pest management science》2016,72(11):2181-2187

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Economical and financial analysis of lamb finishing fed with diets formulated according to the NRC (1985) and the NRC (2007)     

Marcos Cláudio Pinheiro Rogério  Eliane Minervina de Castro  Espedito Cezário Martins  Jomar Patrício Monteiro  Kleibe de Moraes Silva  Magno José Duarte Cândido  Tereza Cristina Lacerda Gomes  Antoine Francis Roux Bloc  Ângela Maria de Vasconcelos  Eneas Reis Leite  Hélio Henrique Araújo Costa 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,45(1):259-266

This study compares both versions of the nutritional requirement system determined by the National Research Council (NRC) version 1985 (NRC85) and NRC version 2007 (NRC07), for finishing lambs in feedlots. Nineteen crossbred lambs were divided in four groups representing four experimental treatments: one diet according to NRC85 and three diets according to NRC07. The diets recommended by NRC07 considers crude protein intake relative to ruminal undegradable protein at 20, 40, and 60 % levels (NRC07/20, NRC07/40, and NRC07/60). Diets were composed of Brazilian semi-arid native grass silage, soybean meal, corn, annatto byproduct, and limestone. Purchases and sales of lambs were done according to average market prices in Brazil. The economic indicators considered pointed that all treatments were viable but NRC07/20 and NRC07/60 were more profitable with similar net present values (NPVs) and internal return rates (IRRs). NRC07/20 was the best option showing an IRR of 17.20 % and a payback period (PP) of 5.07 considering a fixed annual interest rate of 6 %. Sensitivity analysis considering a 10 % raise in variable costs showed negative NPVs, IRRs inferior to the opportunity cost rates adopted and PPs that exceeded the planning horizon of 7 years for both NRC85 and NRC07/40.  相似文献   

PAF increases phagocytic capacity and superoxide anion production in equine alveolar macrophages and blood neutrophils     

Muehlmann LA  Michelotto PV  Nunes EA  Grando FC  da Silva FT  Nishiyama A 《Research in veterinary science》2012,93(1):393-397

Phagocytosis exerted by alveolar macrophages and neutrophils is crucial in the clearance of exogenous particles deposited in the airways. Therefore, substances that activate these phagocytes in the airways can exert important effects on the particle clearance rate. PAF, particularly, was proved to be a potent activator of several immune cells and was shown to be present in the equine lower airways in specific conditions, such as after exercise. The present study aimed to investigate if PAF is able to increase the phagocytic capacity and the production of superoxide anion in equine alveolar macrophage and blood neutrophils. The results show that PAF increased these parameters in both phagocytes even in concentrations as low as 0.1 and 1.0 nM. On that ground, the present work suggests that PAF is involved in the process of particle clearance in equine lower airways.  相似文献   

Total IgE and allergen-specific IgE and IgG antibody levels in sera of atopic dermatitis affected and non-affected Labrador- and Golden retrievers     

Lauber B  Molitor V  Meury S  Doherr MG  Favrot C  Tengvall K  Bergvall K  Leeb T  Roosje P  Marti E 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2012,149(1-2):112-118

Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is an allergic skin disease associated with IgE and IgG antibodies (Ab) to environmental allergens. The aim of this study was to determine which other factors influence serum Ab levels in CAD-affected and non-affected dogs as this has only been poorly investigated in dogs so far. Total and allergen-specific IgE levels and Dermatophagoides farinae (DF)-specific IgG1 and IgG4 were measured by ELISA in sera of 145 CAD-affected and 271 non-affected Labrador- and Golden retrievers. A multivariable logistic regression analysis including the factors age, breed, gender, castration, clinical CAD status and allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) was performed. Golden retrievers had more frequently total (OR=1.87, 95% CI=1.26-2.87, p<0.01) and specific IgE levels above the threshold value than Labrador retrievers, suggesting that genetic factors influence IgE levels in dogs. Castration was generally associated with low Ab levels (OR=0.43-0.65, p<0.05). Surprisingly, dogs with CAD did not have increased odds for high IgE against any of the allergens tested. ASIT with DF was associated with high DF-specific IgG1 (OR=4.32, 95% CI 1.46-12.8, p<0.01) but was not associated with DF-specific IgG4 or decreased IgE levels. Further studies are needed to understand the role of allergen-specific IgE in CAD and of IgG1 in ASIT.  相似文献   

Sperm quality of Brazilian flounder Paralichthys orbignyanus throughout the reproductive season     

Carlos Frederico Ceccon Lanes  Marcelo Hideo Okamoto  Adalto Bianchini  Luis Fernando Marins  Luís André Sampaio 《Aquaculture Research》2010,41(9):e199-e207

The aim of this study was to evaluate the sperm quality of Brazilian flounder Paralichthys orbignyanus throughout its reproductive season. Sperm was collected at the beginning, middle and end of the breeding period. Spermatozoa density was maximum at the beginning (12.7 ± 0.92 × 10⁹ cells mL^?1) and at the end (11.8 ± 0.39 × 10⁹ cells mL^?1) of the breeding season (P<0.05). Sperm production and the percentage of spermatozoa moving fast forward increased significantly towards the end of the breeding season (P<0.05). The mean duration of progressive motility of spermatozoa was around 10 min. No difference was observed during the reproductive season in the percentage of motile cells, pH, osmolality and K⁺, Cl^? and Mg²⁺ concentrations in seminal plasma. The concentration of Na⁺ increased throughout the breeding season, reaching 174.62 ± 12.68 mmol L^?1 at the end (P<0.05). There was a decline in the concentration of Ca²⁺ (12.31 ± 3.08 mmol L^?1) in the middle of the breeding season, which coincided with the shortest motility duration of spermatozoa. The information reported in this study should help to improve management and optimize the development of protocols for short‐term storage and cryopreservation of Brazilian flounder semen.  相似文献   

The Interaction of Sowing Date and Water Availability in Determining Plant Architecture, Fruiting Pattern and Yield Components of Soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.)     

P. Ceccon    L. Dalla  Costa  R. Giovanardi  C. Rogger 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1994,173(3-4):172-183

A 2-year trial has been carried out in northern Italy on soybean (cv. Hodgson) grown in lysimeters, comparing three soil water regimes (well-watered conditions and water stress during vegetative and reproductive stages) at two sowing dates. Plant evapotranspiration and water uptake depth were calculated from volumes of water independently supplied to eight lysimeter layers; at harvest, plant architecture, yield components and fruit distribution along the main stem and lateral branches were evaluated.
Although water stress intensity was not severe, crop evapotranspiration and water uptake depth were severely restricted by water shortage. Both low water-availability and late sowing significantly modified the architecture of plants, decreasing total height, number and length of internodes and lateral branches. Seed allocation along the stem was shifted downwards both by delaying the sowing date and by reducing the water supply; the component most responsible for yield decrease was the number of pods per plant, while unit seed weight was only slightly affected by water stress. Grain yield reduction was higher when water availability was inadequate during the reproductive phase in the early-sown crop and during the vegetative stage in the late-sown crop. This suggests that the intensity of the water shortage, plant phenological stage of stress application, as well as the date of stress application within the growing season determine the yield response of soybean.  相似文献   

Reduced incidence of insect-bite hypersensitivity in Icelandic horses is associated with a down-regulation of interleukin-4 by interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-beta1     

Hamza E  Wagner B  Jungi TW  Mirkovitch J  Marti E 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2008,122(1-2):65-75

Insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) is an allergic dermatitis of horses caused by IgE-mediated reactions to bites of insects of the genus Culicoides. IBH does not occur in Iceland due to the absence of Culicoides. However, Icelandic horses exported to mainland Europe as adults (1st generation) have a > or =50% incidence of developing IBH. In contrast, their progeny (2nd generation) has a <10% incidence of IBH. Here we show that peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from Icelandic horses born in mainland Europe and belonging either to the IBH or healthy subgroup produce less interleukin (IL)-4 after polyclonal or allergen-specific stimulation when compared with counterparts from horses born in Iceland. We examined a role of IL-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 in down-regulation of IL-4 in healthy 2nd generation Icelandic horses. Supernatants of PBMC from 2nd generation healthy horses down-regulated the proportion of IL-4-producing cells and IL-4 production in stimulated cultures of PBMC from 1st generation IBH. This inhibition was mimicked by a combination of IL-10 and TGF-beta1 but not by the single cytokines. Cultures of stimulated PBMC of healthy 2nd generation horses produced a low level of IL-4, but IL-4 production was increased by anti-equine IL-10 and anti-human TGF-beta1. This shows for the first time that in horses, IL-10 and TGF-beta1 combined regulate IL-4 production in vitro. It is suggested that in this naturally occurring IgE-mediated allergy, IL-10 and TGF-beta1 have a role in the down-regulation of IL-4-induced allergen-specific Th2 cells, thereby reducing the incidence of IBH.  相似文献   

Effects of ascorbic acid 2‐glucoside and alpha‐tocopherol on the characteristics of equine spermatozoa stored at 5°C          下载免费PDF全文

Breno Fernandes Barreto Sampaio  Bruno Gomes Nogueira  Maria Inês Lenz Souza  Eliane Vianna da Costa e Silva  Carmem Estefânia Serra Neto Zúccari 《Animal Science Journal》2018,89(10):1415-1423

The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of adding ascorbic acid 2‐glucoside (AA2G), a water‐soluble antioxidant and stable derivative of ascorbate, to the semen extender and compare it to the addition of vitamin C (Vit. C) and the fat‐soluble antioxidant α‐tocopherol (α‐Toh), both individually and in combination, on the seminal variables of equine sperm submitted to cooling for 72 h. We used two ejaculates from 10 stallions and evaluated them for motility, membrane integrity, chromatin fragmentation, mitochondrial activity and lipid peroxidation. In the analysis of lipid peroxidation, the control group showed 2506.2 ± 796.4 ng malondialdehyde/10⁸ sperm, which was higher (P < 0.05) than the groups treated with antioxidants. The average value of motility in the AA2G group was 68.4 ± 18.1%, which was higher (P < 0.05) than that observed in the control group (62.1 ± 16.2%). The variables membrane integrity, chromatin fragmentation and mitochondrial activity did not show significant difference (P > 0.05) between treatments. It was concluded that the antioxidants protected sperm cells from lipid peroxidation and that AA2G was effective during the cooling process of equine semen at 5°C for72 h, providing increased levels of total motility.  相似文献