Cultivation of three color strains of Gracilaria domingensis in an integrated organic system     

Thiago Gaban Trigueiro  Dinaelza Castelo Pereira  Aline P. Martins  Pio Colepicolo  Eliane Marinho-Soriano 《International Aquatic Research》2017,9(3):225-233

Species of the genus Gracilaria are widely distributed around the world, and many are wild harvested and cultivated for phycocolloid production (agar) and human food. This study investigated the growth performance of three color strains of Gracilaria domingensis in an integrated organic system. The three chromatic variants (red, green, and brown) were cultured in a shrimp farm at two depths (surface and 20 cm). The highest relative growth rates were obtained in the first week of cultivation for all three strains studied. Although the growth rates and biomass were slightly higher at a depth of 20 cm, significant differences were not observed at different depths (p < 0.05). The growth of the three strains varied significantly over time (p < 0.001). The maximal growth values obtained were 11.25 ± 1.50% day−1 (red), 12.76 ± 3.96% day−1 (green), and 7.86 ± 1.75% day−1 (brown). The mean growth rates for the whole period were 4.63 ± 6.97, 3.38 ± 9.09, and 2.16 ± 6.61% day−1 for the red, green, and brown strains, respectively. The pigment content (chlorophyll a, phycocyanin, and phycoerythrin) of the three strains studied was higher at a depth of 20 cm, while the maximum electron transport rate (ETRmax) and photosynthetic efficiency were higher at the surface. The high growth rates obtained in this study demonstrate the great potential of this species for integrated organic farming. Moreover, the ecological success shown by the red strain suggests that this strain is the most suitable for integrated cultivation.  相似文献   

Abdominal puncture as a new method to determine sex in tuviras (Gymnotus sp.)     

Marco Antonio Thomaz  Antonio Cleber da Silva Camargo  Bruno Leite dos Anjos  Carlos Frederico Ceccon Lanes 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(6):1651-1657

Tuviras (Gymnotus sp.) are a small fish widely used as live bait in sport fishing. Interest in its culture has increased, but there are still several bottlenecks that need to be solved. For example, the process of sexing in tuviras is difficult since they do not present sexual dimorphism. Thus, the aim of this study was to verify if an abdominal puncture could be used as an inexpensive, fast and reliable technique to identify the sex of adult Gymnotus sp. Before performing the abdominal puncture, five individuals were dissected to determine the exact location of the gonads. Based on this information, the abdominal puncture was performed 6 cm away from the tip of the animal's head and 1 cm below the lateral line with an intravenous infusion set connected to a 5 ml syringe. An abdominal puncture was performed on 24 adult animals that were larger than 20 cm in length. Twenty‐two individuals were sexed correctly, and the accuracy degree was 91.66%. The survival rate of the animals 96 hr after the abdominal puncture was 100%. These results indicate that the abdominal puncture is an easy, simple, fast and inexpensive technique that can be performed in a reliable way.  相似文献   

Total Mercury Bioaccumulation in Tissues of Carnivorous Fish (Micropogonias furnieri and Cynoscion acoupa) and Oysters (Crassostrea brasiliana) from Sepetiba Bay,Brazil     

Carla da Silva Carneiro  Eliane Teixeira Mársico  Roberta de Oliveira Resende Ribeiro  Edgar Francisco Oliveira de Jesus 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(1):96-102

Total mercury (Hg) levels were determined by cold vapor atomic absorption spectrophotometry (CVAAS) in tissues of two species of carnivorous fishes and in the soft tissue of oysters caught in Sepetiba Bay, Brazil. Hg was distributed unevenly in the organs and tissues of the fish; the mean Hg content was highest in the kidneys (0.048 μg/g wet weight) and lowest in the gills (0.004 μg/g w.w.). Mean Hg levels were higher in the oysters (0.052 μg/g w.w.) than in the fish (0.022 μg/g w.w). The total Hg concentration did not exceed the maximum concentration for food allowed by Brazilian legislation in any of the fish and oyster samples analyzed. Moreover, the Hg concentrations observed were all within the maximum level for fish recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO; 0.5 μg/g w.w.).  相似文献   

Toll‐like receptor‐ligand induced thymic stromal lymphopoietin expression in primary equine keratinocytes     

Iva Cvitas  Arnaud Galichet  Shui Chu Ling  Eliane J. Müller  Eliane Marti 《Veterinary dermatology》2020,31(2):154-e30

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Human–animal interaction,stress, and embryo production in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bos indicus</Emphasis> embryo donors under tropical conditions     

Macedo GG  Zúccari CE  de Abreu UG  Negrão JA  da Costa e Silva EV 《Tropical animal health and production》2011,43(6):1175-1182

This study investigated the effect of human–animal interaction (HAI) and the stress response on the quality of embryo production in superovulated Nelore (Bos indicus) cattle, under tropical conditions. Thirty-two females underwent a superovulation protocol for 5 days. Cortisol concentrations were determined in blood plasma collected on days 0, 4, and 5. Artificial insemination was performed on days 4 and 5, and nonsurgical embryo flushing on day 11. Embryo production and viability were determined. Human stimulation, animal behaviors, accidents, and handling time were recorded to assess HAI. Cattle age was negatively correlated with accidents, frequency of aversive behaviors, and negative stimuli by stockperson during transit through corral compartments to receive superovulation treatments. The factor analysis revealed two distinct groups. The first group was called stressed and had higher cortisol concentration than the nonstressed group, 16.0 ± 2.1 and 12.5 ± 1.0 ng/mL, respectively. Comparisons between these groups showed that the frequency of voice emissions by the stockperson and the number of accidents were higher in the stressed group, and also, the mean handling time was longer in the stressed group than for the nonstressed. As a result, viability rate of the embryos was 19% lower in the stressed group (P < 0.05). This indicates that intensive negative HAI is likely related to stress, which affects embryo production in a superovulation program.  相似文献   

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Eucalyptus</Emphasis> agroforestry system for small farms: 2-year experiment with rice and beans in Minas Gerais,Brazil     

Eliane?CecconEmail author 《New Forests》2005,29(3):261-272

In Minas Gerais, Brazil, Eucalyptus plantation agroforestry techniques for small farms appear to be an adequate alternative to small-scale plantations, and by integrating timber and food production, they can meet local demands for aliment and wood. Intercropping of Eucalyptus camaldulensis with rice and beans was studied to compare yields of intercropping and monocultures over 2 years. In the first year, no differences were found in the productivity between the intercropped and monoculture systems of E. camaldulensis, rice and beans in both seasons. In the second year, E. camaldulensis in monoculture showed the lowest productivity. If compared with E. camaldulensis intercropped with agricultural crops, during the rainy season, beans intercropped with E. camaldulensis showed similar productivity when compared to monoculture. In the dry season, the productivity of beans in monoculture was higher than intercropping. In the second year, rice productivity was very low for both systems due to the lack of precipitation during the fructification phase. The equivalence area index (EAI) confirmed the advantages of the intercropping system over the monoculture system for E. camaldulensis and beans and rice, at least in the first 2 years.  相似文献   

Pipe drainage in the Eastern Padano-Veneta plain in north-east Italy     

Maurizio Borin  Luigi Giardini  Paolo Ceccon  Paolo Mannini  Giorgio Guidoboni 《Irrigation and Drainage Systems》1997,11(1):61-81

A survey has been carried out in three Regions of north-eastItaly, Emilia Romagna, Veneto and Friuli Venezia Giulia, withfour objectives: (a) to update the statistics on the use of pipedrainage; (b) to describe the farms that adopt this technique asa replacement of the traditional surface drainage methods;(c) to characterise the features of the drained soils and of thedrainage systems, and (d) to assess their performance. Withalmost 70.000 ha drained, the Regions present almost all of thepipe drained area in Italy. Pipe drainage first saw applicationsin the last seventies and became increasingly popular during theeighties. Most pipe drainage systems are installed in heavysoils, where the underground waterlogging is due to seasonalperched water table or to infiltrations from rivers or sea. Due tothe pedoclimatic variability of the area, slightly differentsolutions in terms of design variables and installation criteriaare found, but the following features are quite common: drainspacing 11–13 m slope 0.1–0.3%, depth 0.9–1 m. The pipe drains discharge in open collectors (single systems). Anincreasing interest for the use of the drainage systems forsubirrigation purposes has been observed, particularly inVeneto, requiring some adjustment in the drainage design. Theperformance of drainage in terms of control of water tabledepth and maintenance requirements are considered satisfactoryin almost all the cases. The most effective solutions forsuccessfully managing the subirrigation are also described.The introduction of pipe drains allows to enlarge fields (to morethan 10 has) and to save time for carrying out the operations forcrop cultivation. The crop yield in pipe drained fields is slightly higherto that obtained in the traditionally drained fields, withthe exception of winter wheat.  相似文献   

Manipulating the pathway of ammonia assimilation in transgenic non-legumes and legumes     

Bertrand Hirel  Belinda Phillipson  Erik Murchie  Akira Suzuki  Caroline Kunz  Sylvie Ferrario  Anis Limami  Sylvain Chaillou  Eliane Deleens  Norbert Brugire  Muriel Chaumont-Bonnet  Christine Foyer  Jean-Franois Morot-Gaudry 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》1997,160(2):283-290

In this paper we discuss the ways in which our understanding of the nature of the molecular controls of nitrogen assimilation has been increased by the use of non-leguminous and leguminous plants with genetically-altered capacities for ammonia assimilation. Using tobacco or Lotus as model plants, Glutamine synthetase (GS) and glutamate synthase (GOGAT) activities have been altered by stimulating or inhibiting in an organ- or tissue-specific manner the expression of the corresponding genes. In a few selected examples, the physiological impact of these genetic manipulations has been studied on plants grown under different nitrogen regimes. The use of such genetically-modified plants will allow us to better understand the molecular control of this metabolic pathway. It is also potentially of great importance in agriculture if such internal and stable modifications are beneficial in terms of nitrogen use efficiency, thus avoiding an excessive utilization of fertilizers or herbicides (GS inhibitors). Our current knowledge and prospects for future development are explored.  相似文献   

Desmoglein-1 is a minor autoantigen in dogs with pemphigus foliaceus     

Olivry T  LaVoy A  Dunston SM  Brown RS  Lennon EM  Warren SJ  Prisayanh P  Müller EJ  Suter MM  Dean GA 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2006,110(3-4):245-255

The majority of human patients with pemphigus foliaceus (PF) have circulating IgG autoantibodies that target conformational epitopes on the desmosomal cadherin desmoglein-1 (dsg1). Limited studies using immunoblot techniques suggested that the principal autoantigen in dogs with PF might also be dsg1. It was the objective of this study to test this hypothesis. A comprehensive survey of canine PF sera was conducted using a novel screening strategy that detects conformational epitopes. This method consists of the ectopic expression of canine dsg1 at the surface of human 293T epithelial kidney cells and their live screening, i.e. prior to fixation. Out of seven control human PF sera that bound to canine epidermis, three (57%) contained IgG autoantibodies that recognized ectopically expressed canine dsg1 with a membrane and punctate pattern. Out of 83 canine PF sera only five (6%) contained IgG that recognized canine dsg1. Consistent with findings for human PF sera obtained in this study, autoantibody binding was conformation- and glycosylation-dependent as demonstrated by calcium chelation with EDTA and tunicamycin or wheat germ agglutinin treatment, respectively. In conclusion, these studies establish canine dsg1 as a minor autoantigen for canine PF. Antigenic epitopes appear to be conformation- and glycosylation-dependent.  相似文献   

Clinical and histological characterization of hair coat and glandular tissue of Chinese crested dogs     

Dominique J. Wiener  Corinne Gurtner  Lucia Panakova  Theresa‐Bernadette Mausberg  Eliane J. Müller  Cord Drögemüller  Tosso Leeb  Monika M. Welle 《Veterinary dermatology》2013,24(2):274-e62

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