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Plant peroxidases belong to a multigene family and posses highly conserved domains allowing to design oligonucleotide primers to amplify DNA sequences coding for peroxidases from plants with unsequenced genomes. Peroxidase gene-based polymorphism among Malus species, and correlation between peroxidase markers were deduced in this study. Turkish apple germplasm was evaluated using 14 peroxidase specific primers. Targeted-PCR amplification of genomic DNA from 192 apple genotypes available in the Turkish genetic resources yielded polymorphisms giving a similarity range from 0.56 to 0.98 with a mean of 0.77. Based on the POGP gene polymorphism, two distinct clusters were detected among the apple accessions, suggesting different evolutionary pathway. Correlation estimates as an indication of linkage disequilibrium between POGP markers ranged from −0.22 to 0.90, suggesting that few POGP markers were clustered and the remaining POGP markers evenly distributed throughout the apple genome. These results demonstrate that primers targeting the peroxidase gene family can be used to study genotypic diversity and evolutionary relationships on an intra- and inter-specific basis. 相似文献
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Determination of optimal N-fertilization rates, NOR , for crop production that minimize risk of environmental degradation require accurate application of a response model. Several models are available to describe crop yield response to N fertilization. The objective of this work was to compare the relative accuracy of a quadratic, f(N Q ), a modified Mitscherlich, and tanh( N ) models on 48 data sets. Data were collected from a Tara silt loam (fine-silty, mixed, frigid Pachic Udic Haploboroll) over a 6-year period using two maize ( Zea mays L.) hybrids and four tillage treatments, mouldboard plough, chisel plough, ridge tillage and no-tillage. In about one-third of the cases, all models performed about equally well. Generally, the tanh( N ) and modified Mitscherlich models gave better fit between N rate and grain yield data. The NOR , ranged from about 140 to 170 kg ha−1 for the modified Mitscherlich model, 136 to 184 kg ha−1 for the tanh( N) function, and 124 to 173 kg ha−1 using the f(N Q ) model. Estimated grain yields at these rates ranged between 6.58 ± 1.30 to 7.59 ± 1.69 Mg ha−1 for the 90-day Minnesota maturity rated (MR) hybrid and between 7.52 ± 2.40 to 8.72 ± 1.70 Mg ha−1 for the 95-day MR hybrid. 相似文献
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Aydin Uzun Osman Gulsen Ubeyit Seday Turgut Yesiloglu Yildiz Aka Kacar 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2014,61(7):1307-1318
Many stress-related interactions such as pathogen infection, insect tolerance, salt tolerance, auxin degradation, cell wall lignification, tissue suberization, and plant senescence involve various isoforms of peroxidases. Peroxidase gene polymorphism (POGP) markers have been used to estimate diversity, relationships and population structure among 80 Citrus and their relatives in Aurantioideae by using unweighted pair group method arithmetic average (UPGMA) and bayesian substructuring analysis. Fourteen primers produced a total of 148 fragments and 147 of them were polymorphic. The UPGMA analysis demonstrated that the accessions had a similarity range from 0.27 to 0.98 and were distinguished. The results of this study were mostly consistent with previous reports of different marker systems, but few different findings were also detected. The subtribe Clauseninae (tribe Clauseneae) did not clearly separate from the subtribes of the tribe Citreae. Substructuring analysis indicated that there were six subpopulations among the accessions studied. This study revealed that the POGP markers can be utilized to estimate genetic diversity, relationships and population structure in Citrus and related species in the Aurantioideae subfamily. 相似文献
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Özer Nuray Uzun Halil İbrahim Aktürk Burak Özer Cengiz Akkurt Murat Aydın Serkan 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2021,160(2):337-348
The use of resistant individuals obtained through a breeding program, aimed at decreasing chemical treatments, is one of the most promising strategies for control of downy mildew caused by Plasmopara viticola in grapevine. In this study, 869 hybrid grape individuals, obtained by crossing the resistant Regent grape cultivar with sensitive Alphonse Lavallée, were tested after artificial inoculation of detached leaves by drops of the pathogen inoculum. Sporulation severity, as visual evaluation of sporulation density including necrosis, and sporulation incidence were scored to assess resistance level, then the sporulation area (mm2) was measured for each individual. The criterium of sporulation incidence could not describe all resistance levels. Sporulation area made it possible to measure the entire area in detail for how the pathogen spread at the inoculation site. Sporulation area was not fully consistent with sporulation severity. In this context, a new scale for sporulation area was developed to determine resistance level to the pathogen by taking into account the distribution of sporulation area values within those obtained from sporulation severity scales. Six categories ranging from 0 to 0.05 mm2 (extremely resistant-ER) to ≥15.1 mm2 (extremely sensitive-ES) were defined. 43 of the 869 individuals tested through the three evaluation criteria, in which no sporulation was observed, and 18 additional individuals with sporulation area of <0.05 mm2 were scored in the ER group. Microscopic analysis confirmed findings for the ER group and other resistance levels. The authors suggest that the scale of sporulation area will be useful for assessment of resistance to downy mildew on grapevine leaves.
相似文献17.
Identification of a molecular marker linked to the closed capsule mutant trait in sesame using AFLP 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The identification of an amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) marker linked to an agronomically useful trait in sesame is reported. A bulked segregant analysis (BSA) approach was adopted on segregating progenies of a cross between the closed capsule mutant line ‘cc3’, and the Turkish variety ‘Muganli‐57′. A total of 72 primer combinations were screened for linkage to the trait, but only one closely linked amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) marker was identified. The linkage was confirmed by analysing the AFLP profile from single plants. The marker has the potential to accelerate breeding programmes aimed at modifying unwanted side‐effects of the closed capsule mutation by marker‐assisted selection. 相似文献
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M. Turan S. Ata A. Gunes N. Ataoglu A. Esringu O. Uzun M. Ozgul M. Y. Canbolat I. Bogdan 《农业科学与技术》2010,(6):20-33
The objective of this study was to DTPA （complexion agent） and a sequential extraction procedure, and adsorption-desorption isotherm （competitive） evaluate the mobility and distribution of Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cd, Ni, and Pb using the in surface samples of five soil great groups differing in their physicochemical properties. For determining heavy metal adsorption and desorption capacities of soil samples, six different concentrations （0, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mg Lt） were used in a laboratory experiment with tree replications. An analytical procedure involving sequential chemical extractions has been used for partitioning of heavy metals into five fractions. Sorption isotherms were characterized using linear, Frendlich and Langmuir equations. The results indicated that the selective sequences of the metal adsorption based on the distribution coefficient was Pb〉Cu〉Ni〉Cd〉Zn〉Mn〉Fe and Pb, Cu, and Ni are the most strongly sorbed metals by these soils, whereas Cd, Zn and Mn are the least sorbed ones. The total adsorbed amount of these metals on the studied soils was well described by Langmuir equation. Calciorthid had the highset Pb, Cu, Ni, Cd, Zn, Mn, and Fe adsorption, and the sequences followed order Fluvaquent〉Argiustoll〉Pellustert〉Haplustept of the studied soil. 相似文献
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This study was conducted to determine the genetic diversity and relationship among 256 groundnut genotypes of which 132 belong to subsp. hypogaea (Arachis hypogaea L.) and 124 to subsp. fastigiata (Arachis fastigiata L.). The collection was evaluated for eight quantitative and five qualitative traits during three consecutive years under Mediterranean climate conditions. Coefficient of variation (CV) significantly differed among the genotypes for all the studied quantitative traits ranged from 9.10 to 33.98%, while the highest CV was recorded for seed yield. The subspecies of hypogaea and fastigiata displayed significant differences for quantitative traits except for numbers of pods per plant and seed yield. Principal component analyses showed that the first three principal components accounted for 68.14% variation for quantitative traits. Major traits that accounted for the variation by the three principal components (PCs) include days to the first flowering, days to 50% flowering, number of pods per plant and shelling percentage. The groundnut collection also offers wide seed coat color diversity which affects the crop marketability. The information on variations in quantitative and qualitative traits identified in the present investigation provided useful genotypes which would be serving parents. These parental genotypes can be used in groundnut breeding programs to develop desirable cultivars in Mediterranean Basin and globally. 相似文献
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