Comparison of sevoflurane and isoflurane anesthetic index in unpremedicated dogs     

DS  Galloway  JCH Ko  RE Mandsager  HF Reaugh  ME Payton  E Portillo 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2003,30(2):103-104

Anesthetic respiratory effects of sevoflurane (SEVO) were compared with isoflurane (ISO) in unpremedicated dogs. Minimum alveolar concentration (MAC), apneic concentration (AC), and anesthetic index (AI) of SEVO and ISO were determined in eight 1‐year‐old healthy dogs, weighing 19 ± 3 kg (mean ± SEM) in a randomized complete block multiple cross‐over design. Dogs were mask‐induced with either SEVO or ISO in 100% oxygen. Following endotracheal intubation, dogs were instrumented, mechanically ventilated, and MAC was determined using a tail‐clamp method. Next, spontaneous ventilation was re‐established, and anesthetic concentration was increased to determine the AC. Throughout the anesthetic event, heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SAP), mean blood pressure (MAP), diastolic blood pressure (DAP), respiratory rate (RR), end‐tidal carbon dioxide (Pe ′CO₂), and oxyhemoglobin saturation (SpO₂) were recorded at 3‐minute intervals. Following AC determination, AI was calculated as AC/MAC, and dogs were allowed to recover. Each dog was anesthetized four times (twice with ISO and SEVO each) at 1‐week intervals. All data were analyzed using the two‐way anova . Multiple comparisons were performed between ISO and SEVO treatments. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Significant differences were noted between agents for MAC (SEVO, 2.13 ± 0.10%; ISO, 1.38 ± 0.14%; p < 0.0001), AC (SEVO, 7.34 ± 0.13%; ISO, 3.60 ± 0.13%; p < 0.0001), and AI (SEVO, 3.46 ± 0.22; ISO, 2.63 ± 0.14; p = 0.0002). Physiologic parameters were compared between SEVO and ISO at 1MAC, 2MAC, 3MAC, and AC. No differences were noted between SEVO and ISO treatments for cardiovascular parameters (HR, SAP, MAP, DAP). Significant differences were noted, favoring SEVO, for all respiratory parameters (RR, Pe ′CO₂, SpO₂) at increasing MAC multiples. Additionally, regression analysis was conducted for physiologic variable data points. Analysis of Pe ′CO₂ data points demonstrated a significant slope difference of ?6.47 ± 1.02 (B_SEVO ? B_ISO; p < 0.0001; r² = 0.6042) favoring SEVO. While expected dose‐related ventilatory depression was noted for both agents, all the respiratory parameters for SEVO demonstrated less respiratory depression than ISO at equipotent doses. These results indicated that SEVO caused less dose‐dependent ventilatory depression than ISO, having a significantly higher AI and causing less detrimental change in pulmonary parameters at increasing levels of MAC.  相似文献   

Survey on the Implementation of National Equine Identification in the United States     

K.S. Vanderman  Ann M. Swinker  B.E. Gill  R.B. Radhakrishna  D.M. Kniffen  W.B. Staniar  H.B. McKernan  R.C. Miller 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2009

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Parent genome contribution and its relationship with grain yield in backcross-derived lines of soybean (Glycine max)     

Vijayakumar Koraboyana  Balwinder Singh Gill  Asmita Sirari  Gaurav Khosla  Shayla Bindra  Vineet Kumar 《Plant Breeding》2023,142(2):140-148

Introgression of yellow mosaic disease (YMD) resistance and effect of recurrent parent genome (RPG) on grain yield was studied in 84 soybean genotypes from four populations namely, F_2:7, BC₁F₆, BC₂F₅ and BC₃F₄ derived from cross JS335 x SL525. It was observed that in F_2:7, BC₁F₆, BC₂F₅ and BC₃F₄ derived lines, RPG contribution was 42.5%, 54.9%, 66.4% and 77.6%, respectively, which is significantly less than expected values. Linkage drag from donor parent with YMD resistance gene may be a possible reason for such deviations. Average grain yield per plant in F_2:7, BC₁F₆, BC₂F₅ and BC₃F₄ generations was observed as 13.0, 14.3, 14.9 and 16.1 g, respectively. It was observed that genotypes with more than 80% RPG observed to have both YMD resistance and good yield potential. Graphical genotyping (GGT) analysis revealed that maximum RPG was recovered in chromosomes 8 and 10 and maximum introgression occurred in chromosomes 6 and 19. Our results demonstrated that RPG was positively associated with yield as evident from yield increase with increase in RPG.  相似文献   

Effect of anabolic implants on beef intramuscular lipid content.     

S K Duckett  D G Wagner  F N Owens  H G Dolezal  D R Gill 《Journal of animal science》1999,77(5):1100-1104

Sixty ribeye steaks were used to determine the effects of anabolic implants on i.m. lipid composition of beef steers. Steaks were obtained from carcasses (346 kg) of steers assigned to four treatment groups (C = nonimplanted control; ET = 28 mg of estradiol benzoate plus 200 mg of trenbolone acetate on d 0; ET/ET = ET on d 0 and d 61; and S/ET = 20 mg of estradiol benzoate plus 200 mg of progesterone on d 0 and ET on d 61) and fed a high-concentrate diet for 127 d. Total fatty acid content of the longissimus was less (P < .05) for implanted steers. Implanting increased (P < .05) stearic and linolenic acid percentages and reduced (P < .05) oleic acid percentage but did not alter (P > .05) percentages of other fatty acids. These changes translated into increased (P < .05) percentages of saturated fatty acids and reduced (P < .05) monounsaturated fatty acids in the longissimus of implanted steers. However, on a per-steak weight basis, implanting did not alter (P > .05) the amounts of any of the individual fatty acids, but it increased (P < .05) the total cholesterol amount. Implanting with an estrogenic compound first reduced (P < .05) the percentage and total amounts of linoleic and polyunsaturated fatty acids. On a percentage basis, implanting alters fatty acid amounts; however, when the increase in ribeye size with implanting is accounted for and fatty acids are evaluated on a per-steak basis, these differences are not significant.  相似文献   

A free-fall determination of the newtonian constant of gravity     

JP Schwarz  DS Robertson  TM Niebauer  JE Faller 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,282(5397):2230-2234

Recent determinations of the Newtonian constant of gravity have produced values that differ by nearly 40 times their individual error estimates (more than 0.5%). In an attempt to help resolve this situation, an experiment that uses the gravity field of a one-half metric ton source mass to perturb the trajectory of a free-falling mass and laser interferometry to track the falling object was performed. This experiment does not suspend the test mass from a support system. It is therefore free of many systematic errors associated with supports. The measured value was G = (6.6873 +/- 0. 0094) x 10(-11) m3 kg-1 sec-2.  相似文献   

In situ measurements of organics, meteoritic material, mercury, and other elements in aerosols at 5 to 19 kilometers   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

DM Murphy  DS Thomson  MJ Mahoney 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,282(5394):1664-1669

In situ measurements of the chemical composition of individual aerosol particles at altitudes between 5 and 19 kilometers reveal that upper tropospheric aerosols often contained more organic material than sulfate. Although stratospheric aerosols primarily consisted of sulfuric acid and water, many also contained meteoritic material. Just above the tropopause, small amounts of mercury were found in over half of the aerosol particles that were analyzed. Overall, there was tremendous variety in aerosol composition. One measure of this diversity is that at least 45 elements were detected in aerosol particles. These results have wide implications for the complexity of aerosol sources and chemistry. They also offer possibilities for understanding the transport of atmospheric aerosols.  相似文献   

Extrachromosomal DNA-mediated glyphosate resistance in Italian ryegrass     

Dal-Hoe Koo  Yoonha Ju  Karthik Putta  Rajendran Sathishraj  Nilda Roma-Burgos  Mithila Jugulam  Bernd Friebe  Bikram S. Gill 《Pest management science》2023,79(11):4290-4294

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