Analysis of cadmium translocation,partitioning and tolerance in six barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars as a function of thiol metabolism     

Souhir Sghayar  Alessandro Ferri  Clarissa Lancilli  Giorgio Lucchini  Alessandro Abruzzese  Mauro Porrini  Tahar Ghnaya  Fabio Francesco Nocito  Chedly Abdelly  Gian Attilio Sacchi 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2015,51(3):311-320

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Evaluation of a method for assaying sulfonamide antimicrobial residues in cheese: hot-water extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry     

Berardi G  Bogialli S  Curini R  Di Corcia A  Laganá A 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(13):4537-4543

Several sulfonamide antimicrobials (SAAs) are largely used in veterinary medicine. A rapid, specific, and sensitive procedure for determining 12 SAAs in cheese is presented. The method is based on the matrix solid-phase dispersion technique followed by liquid chromatography (LC)-tandem mass spectrometry (MS) equipped with an electrospray ion source. Target compounds were extracted from Mozzarella, Asiago, Parmigiano, Emmenthal, and Camembert cheese samples by 6 mL of water modified with 10% methanol and heated at 120 degrees C. The addition of methanol to hot water served to improve remarkably extraction yields of the most lipophilic SAAs, that is, sulfadimethoxine and sulfaquinoxaline. After acidification and filtration, 100 microL of the aqueous extract was injected in the LC column. MS data acquisition was performed in the multireaction monitoring mode, selecting two precursor-to-product ion transitions for each target compound. Methanol-modified hot water appeared to be an efficient extractant, because absolute recovery ranged between 67 and 88%. Using sulfamoxole as surrogate analyte, recovery of the 12 analytes spiked in the five types of cheese considered at the 50 ng/g level ranged between 75 and 105% with RSD not higher than 11%. Statistical analysis of the mean recovery data showed that the extraction efficiency was not affected by the type of cheese analyzed. This result indicates this method could be applied to other cheese types not considered here. The accuracy of the method was determined at three spike levels, that is, 20, 50, and 100 ng/g, and varied between 73 and 102% with relative standard deviations ranging between 4 and 12%. On the basis of a signal-to-noise ratio of 10, limits of quantification were estimated to be <1 ng/g.  相似文献   

Compartmentalized control of skin immunity by resident commensals     

S Naik  N Bouladoux  C Wilhelm  MJ Molloy  R Salcedo  W Kastenmuller  C Deming  M Quinones  L Koo  S Conlan  S Spencer  JA Hall  A Dzutsev  H Kong  DJ Campbell  G Trinchieri  JA Segre  Y Belkaid 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,337(6098):1115-1119

Intestinal commensal bacteria induce protective and regulatory responses that maintain host-microbial mutualism. However, the contribution of tissue-resident commensals to immunity and inflammation at other barrier sites has not been addressed. We found that in mice, the skin microbiota have an autonomous role in controlling the local inflammatory milieu and tuning resident T lymphocyte function. Protective immunity to a cutaneous pathogen was found to be critically dependent on the skin microbiota but not the gut microbiota. Furthermore, skin commensals tuned the function of local T cells in a manner dependent on signaling downstream of the interleukin-1 receptor. These findings underscore the importance of the microbiota as a distinctive feature of tissue compartmentalization, and provide insight into mechanisms of immune system regulation by resident commensal niches in health and disease.  相似文献   

Effects of milk feeding, frequency and concentration on weaning and buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) calf growth, health and behaviour     

Domenico Vecchio  Rossella Di Palo  Esterina De Carlo  Luigi Esposito  Giorgio Antonio Presicce  Alessandra Martucciello  Emilio Chiosi  Pasquale Rossi  Gianluca Neglia  Giuseppe Campanile 《Tropical animal health and production》2013,45(8):1697-1702

Growth, weight at birth and daily weight gain (DWG) on 12 water buffalo calves, starting from 6 days of age until completion of weaning, was investigated in this study. Different feeding regimens were given to two groups of animals with regard to daily milk replacer: (1) group 1 (G1) received a double concentration in single administration; whereas (2) group 2 (G2) received the same amount of milk replacer split twice daily. Blood samples were collected from each calf on days 6, 30, 60 and 90 to evaluate acute phase proteins (haptoglobin), bactericide activity, lysozime, total protein content and biochemical parameters. No differences were observed between the two groups in terms of dry matter intake, feed efficiency and live body weight at the end of the study. Interestingly, a significantly (P?<?0.05) reduced DWG was observed earlier in G1 (day 45) than in G2 (day 60). Gastrointestinal disorders were not recorded throughout the experimental period, and no significant differences were recorded between the two groups for all considered parameters. This study confirms the possibility of utilising one daily administration of milk replacer in water buffalo calf during weaning. This new approach facilitates calves management, without interfering with calves growing performances.  相似文献   

Detection and quantification of genetically modified organisms using very short, locked nucleic acid TaqMan probes     

Salvi S  D'Orso F  Morelli G 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(12):4320-4327

Many countries have introduced mandatory labeling requirements on foods derived from genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based upon the TaqMan probe chemistry has become the method mostly used to support these regulations; moreover, event-specific PCR is the preferred method in GMO detection because of its high specificity based on the flanking sequence of the exogenous integrant. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of very short (eight-nucleotide long), locked nucleic acid (LNA) TaqMan probes in 5'-nuclease PCR assays for the detection and quantification of GMOs. Classic TaqMan and LNA TaqMan probes were compared for the analysis of the maize MON810 transgene. The performance of the two types of probes was tested on the maize endogenous reference gene hmga, the CaMV 35S promoter, and the hsp70/cryIA(b) construct as well as for the event-specific 5'-integration junction of MON810, using plasmids as standard reference molecules. The results of our study demonstrate that the LNA 5'-nuclease PCR assays represent a valid and reliable analytical system for the detection and quantification of transgenes. Application of very short LNA TaqMan probes to GMO quantification can simplify the design of 5'-nuclease assays.  相似文献   

Recovery,morphological and molecular characterization of globe artichoke ‘Romanesco’ landraces     

Paola Crinò  Raffaela Tavazza  Nestor A. Rey Muñoz  Paola Trionfetti Nisini  Francesco Saccardo  Giorgio Ancora  Mario Augusto Pagnotta 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2008,55(6):823-833

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Prevalence of the polycystic kidney disease and renal and urinary bladder ultrasonographic abnormalities in Persian and Exotic Shorthair cats in Italy     

Bonazzi M  Volta A  Gnudi G  Bottarelli E  Gazzola M  Bertoni G 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2007,9(5):387-391

The ultrasonographic findings of kidneys, liver and urinary bladder of 288 Persian and 44 Exotic Shorthair clinically normal cats that underwent screening for polycystic kidney disease (PKD) between July 2003 and December 2005 were reviewed. Cats were divided into two groups, one including cats aged <9 months (group 1) and one cats aged >/=9 months (group 2). Cats were classified as PKD-positive when at least one renal cyst was found. One hundred and thirty-six cats (41.0%) had more than one cyst in at least one kidney. The prevalence of PKD was similar in both groups. Eight PKD-positive cats had cystic livers (5.9%). Other renal abnormalities included a pelvic calculus and a medullary rim sign (MRS). The difference in prevalence of an MRS in group 2 compared to group 1 and the difference between PKD-positive and -negative cats in group 2 were not significant. There was no difference in mean kidney length between PKD-positive and -negative cats in group 2. Urinary bladder anomalies were principally represented by urinary sediment, with prevalence significantly higher in group 2. No difference was detected in group 2 between PKD-positive and -negative cats. In conclusion feline PKD is common in Italy. The ultrasonographic findings of MRS and urinary bladder sediment did not correlate with feline PKD. Urinary bladder sediment is common in Persians and Exotic Shorthairs and more likely in adults.  相似文献   

Laser-based spectroscopic methods to evaluate the humification degree of soil organic matter in whole soils: a review     

Giorgio S. Senesi  Ladislau Martin-Neto  Paulino Ribeiro Villas-Boas  Gustavo Nicolodelli  Débora M. B. P. Milori 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2018,18(4):1292-1302

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Testing the applicability of BIOME-BGC to simulate beech gross primary production in Europe using a new continental weather dataset     

Marta Chiesi  Gherardo Chirici  Marco Marchetti  Hubert Hasenauer  Adam Moreno  Alexander Knohl  Giorgio Matteucci  Kim Pilegaard  André Granier  Bernard Longdoz  Fabio Maselli 《Annals of Forest Science》2016,73(3):713-727

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Genetic immunization with the immunodominant antigen P48 of Mycoplasma agalactiae stimulates a mixed adaptive immune response in BALBc mice     

Bernardo Chessa  Marco Pittau  Maria Puricelli  Rosanna Zobba  Elisabetta Coradduzza  Paola Dall&#x;Ara  Sergio Rosati  Giorgio Poli  Alberto Alberti 《Research in veterinary science》2009,86(3):414-420

A DNA vaccine against contagious agalactia was developed for the first time, encoding the P48 of Mycoplasma agalactiae. Specific immune responses elicited in BALB/c mice were evaluated. Both total IgG and IgG1 were detected in mice vaccinated with pVAX1/P48. Proliferation of mononuclear cells of the spleen, levels of gamma interferon, interleukin-12, and interleukin-2 mRNAs were enhanced in immunized animals. Results indicate that pVAX1/P48 vaccination induced both T_h1 and T_h2 immune responses. Nucleic acid immunization could be a new strategy against M. agalactiae infections and may be potentially used to develop vaccines for other Mycoplasma diseases.  相似文献