Use of endogenous ACTH concentration and adrenal ultrasonography to distinguish the cause of canine hyperadrenocorticism     

Gould SM  Baines EA  Mannion PA  Evans H  Herrtage ME 《The Journal of small animal practice》2001,42(3):113-121

Twenty-nine dogs were diagnosed with hyperadrenocorticism (HAC). A single determination of endogenous plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and adrenal ultrasonography were used in a prospective study to differentiate between pituitary-dependent HAC (PDH) and adrenal-dependent HAC (ADH). In 27 out of the 29 dogs (93 per cent), both endogenous plasma ACTH concentrations and adrenal ultrasonography indicated the same cause of HAC. Twenty-one of the 29 cases (72 per cent) were shown to be pituitary-dependent; all had plasma ACTH concentrations of greater than 28 pg/ml (reference range 13 to 46 pg/ml) and both adrenal glands were ultrasonographically of similar size and of normal shape. All 21 cases responded well to mitotane therapy. Six cases (21 per cent) were shown to be adrenal-dependent; all had plasma ACTH concentrations below the limit of the assay (<5 pg/ml) and the presence of an adrenal mass on ultrasonography. The sensitivity and specificity of adrenal ultrasonography and endogenous ACTH determinations to identify the cause of HAC were demonstrated to be 100 per cent and 95 per cent, respectively, for ADH. These discriminatory tests are more accurate than published figures for dexamethasone suppression testing.  相似文献   

Plants as de-worming agents of livestock in the Nordic countries: historical perspective, popular beliefs and prospects for the future.     

PJ Waller  G Bernes  SM Thamsborg  A Sukura  SH Richter  K Ingebrigtsen  J H?glund 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2001,42(1):31-44

Preparations derived from plants were the original therapeutic interventions used by man to control diseases (including parasites), both within humans and livestock. Development of herbal products depended upon local botanical flora with the result that different remedies tended to develop in different parts of the world. Nevertheless, in some instances, the same or related plants were used over wide geographic regions, which also was the result of communication and/or the importation of plant material of high repute. Thus, the Nordic countries have an ancient, rich and diverse history of plant derived anthelmintic medications for human and animal use. Although some of the more commonly used herbal de-wormers were derived from imported plants, or their products, many are from endemic plants or those that thrive in the Scandinavian environment. With the advent of the modern chemotherapeutic era, and the discovery, development and marketing of a seemingly unlimited variety of highly efficacious, safe synthetic chemicals with very wide spectra of activities, herbal remedies virtually disappeared from the consciousness--at least in the Western world. This attitude is now rapidly changing. There is a widespread resurgence in natural product medication, driven by major threats posed by multi-resistant pest, or disease, organisms and the diminishing public perceptions that synthetic chemicals are the panacea to health and disease control. This review attempts to provide a comprehensive account of the depth of historical Nordic information available on herbal de-wormers, with emphasis on livestock and to provide some insights on potentially rewarding areas of "re-discovery" and scientific evaluation in this field.  相似文献   

Inheritance of fenvalerate and carbofuran resistance in colorado beetles—Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)—from North Carolina     

D. Craig Heim  George G. Kennedy  Fred L. Gould  John W. Van Duyn 《Pest management science》1992,34(4):303-311

Progeny from reciprocal F1 crosses and F1 backcrosses between fenvalerate-resistant and fenvalerate-susceptible Colorado beetles, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), and between carbofuran-resistant and carbofuran-susceptible Colorado beetles were bioassayed to investigate the mode of inheritance of resistance to these chemicals. Bioassays of progeny from these crosses indicate that resistance to fenvalerate is inherited in a semi-recessive, sex-linked manner and carbofuran resistance is inherited in a partially dominant autosomal fashion. Log concentration/probit mortality lines and chi-square tests, however, indicate that multiple genes may be involved in resistance to both insecticides.  相似文献   

Antimicrobial sensitivity testing of Australian isolates of Bordetella avium and the Bordetella avium-like organism   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

PJ BLACKALL  LE EAVES  M FEGAN 《Australian veterinary journal》1995,72(3):97-100

SUMMARY: The in-vitro sensitivity of 16 Australian isolates of Bordetella avium and 15 isolates of B avium -like organism to 11 antimicrobial agents or combinations of agents was determined using a microtitre plate system to establish minimal inhibitory concentrations. All the B avium isolates were sensitive to ampicillin but resistant to erythromycin, lincomycin, spectinomycin, sulphamethoxazole, trimethoprim, and lincomycin + spectinomycin. Most of the B avium isolates were sensitive to tetracycline and resistant to streptomycin and sulphadiazine. All the B avium -like isolates were resistant to ampicillin, erythromycin, lincomycin, spectinomycin, streptomycin, tetracycline, trimethoprim, and lincomycin + spectinomycin. Most B avium -like isolates were sensitive to sulphadiazine, sulphamethoxazole and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole.  相似文献   

Further Trials on Alternatives to DDT for the Control of Pre-blossom Pests on Apple and Pear     

J. D. R. Vernon  H. J. Gould 《Plant pathology》1972,21(1):1-9

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Dairy husbandry     

C M Gould 《The Veterinary record》1967,81(25):657-667

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Potentially hazardous sulfur conditions on beef cattle ranches in the United States     

Gould DH  Dargatz DA  Garry FB  Hamar DW  Ross PF 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2002,221(5):673-677

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the sulfur content of water and forage samples from a geographically diverse sample of beef cow-calf operations in the United States and to estimate frequency and distribution of premises where forage and water resources could result in consumption of hazardous amounts of sulfur by cattle. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SAMPLE POPULATION: 709 forage samples from 678 beef cow-calf operations and individual water samples from 498 operations in 23 states. PROCEDURE: Sulfur content of forage samples and sulfate concentration of water samples were measured. Total sulfur intake was estimated for pairs of forage and water samples. RESULTS: Total sulfur intake was estimated for 454 pairs of forage and water samples. In general, highest forage sulfur contents did not coincide with highest water sulfate concentrations. Overall, 52 of the 454 (11.5%) sample pairs were estimated to yield total sulfur intake (as a percentage of dry matter) > or = 0.4%, assuming water intake during conditions of high ambient temperature. Most of these premises were in north-central (n = 19) or western (19) states. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that on numerous beef cow-calf operations throughout the United States, consumption of forage and water could result in excessively high sulfur intake. All water sources and dietary components should be evaluated when assessing total sulfur intake. Knowledge of total sulfur intake may be useful in reducing the risk of sulfur-associated health and performance problems in beef cattle.  相似文献   

Immunosuppressive cytokines in the regional lymph node of a dog suffering from oral malignant melanoma     

Catchpole B  Gould SM  Kellett-Gregory LM  Dobson JM 《The Journal of small animal practice》2002,43(10):464-467

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Globoid cell-like leukodystrophy in a domestic longhaired cat     

Sigurdson CJ  Basaraba RJ  Mazzaferro EM  Gould DH 《Veterinary pathology》2002,39(4):494-496

Globoid cell leukodystrophy (GLD; Krabbe disease), is a rare heritable metabolic disorder in humans, dogs, mutant twitcher mice, and rhesus monkeys that is caused by a deficiency in the lysosomal enzyme galactocerebrosidase (GALC). GALC deficiency results in the accumulation of psychosine, which is toxic to oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells of the central and peripheral nervous systems. Clinical signs include hypotonia, mental regression, and death by 2 years of age in most human patients. Here we describe a domestic longhaired kitten with rapidly progressive neurologic disease and brain and spinal cord lesions characteristic of GLD. Pathologic hallmarks of the disease reflect the loss of oligodendrocytes and include myelin loss, gliosis, and the perivascular accumulation of large mononuclear cells with fine cytoplasmic vacuoles (globoid cells) in the peripheral and central nervous systems. Globoid cells were CD68 and ferritin positive, confirming their monocytic origin, and cytoplasmic contents were nonmetachromatic and periodic acid-Schiff positive.  相似文献   

Pemphigus foliaceus in association with systemic lupus erythematosus, and subsequent lymphoma in a cocker spaniel     

Foster AP  Sturgess CP  Gould DJ  Iwasaki T  Day MJ 《The Journal of small animal practice》2000,41(6):266-270

A seven-year-old neutered male cocker spaniel was presented with an 11-month history of generalised bacterial dermatitis. There were skin lesions over the entire body, which were round, slightly raised and encrusted. Skin biopsies were collected and the histological findings were consistent with pemphigus foliaceus. Immunohistochemical staining by the indirect immunoperoxidase method was positive, with desmosomal deposition of immunoglobulin (Ig) G. Haematological analysis revealed a regenerative anaemia and profound thrombocytopenia, while a Coombs' test was positive for polyvalent canine Coombs' reagent and anti-dog IgG. An antinuclear antibody test was positive, with a titre of 10,240. An ophthalmic examination demonstrated low tear production (keratoconjunctivitis sicca). Seven months after initial referral, the dog was re-presented with severe generalised peripheral lymphadenopathy. Radiographic evaluation of the thorax and abdomen revealed enlarged cranial mediastinal and sublumbar lymph nodes. Tru-Cut biopsy from an enlarged lymph node confirmed the diagnosis of lymphoma, which was phenotyped as a B-cell tumour. The diagnosis in this case was systemic lupus erythematosus, with the unusual feature of pemphigus foliaceus, and subsequent development of B-cell lymphoma. The case adds further to knowledge of the protean clinical presentations of canine autoimmune diseases and provides additional evidence for the potential association between autoimmunity and immune-system neoplasia in this species.  相似文献