ELVIN L. VERNON     

Waring W 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1940,92(2396):500-501

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Laparoscopic Insemination of Seasonally Anoestrous Ewes by a Simplified Method under Field Conditions     

B Kühholzer  U Besenfelder  S Müller  HD Reichenbach  G Brem 《Reproduction in domestic animals》1997,32(6):309-312

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Crystalline corneal opacities in the Siberian Husky     

A D MacMillan  G O Waring  W L Spangler  A M Roth 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1979,175(8):829-832

Bilaterally symmetric opacities were detected in the corneal stroma of 78 (14%) of 560 Siberian Huskies, aged 7 months to 12 years, examined in ophthalmology screening clinics. The opacities were round or horizontally oval and consisted of a diffuse gray homogeneous haze in the anterior stroma or an array of fine polychromatic crystals in the posterior stroma, or both. The corneas were not inflamed. The frequency of occurrence and density of the opacities increased with age. Several affected dogs were closely related, but a specific inheritance pattern could not be established. Light and electron microscopy disclosed clusters of extracellular, thin, needle-shaped, crystalline clefts. Histochemical stains on frozen sections identified neutral fats, phospholipids, and cholesterol as components of the crystals.  相似文献   

Alcohol-induced tolerance in mitochondrial membranes     

H Rottenberg  A Waring  E Rubin 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1984,223(4632):193-194

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Evergreen coniferous forests of the pacific northwest     

Waring RH  Franklin JF 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1979,204(4400):1380-1386

The massive, evergreen coniferous forests in the Pacific Northwest are unique among temperate forest regions of the world. The region's forests escaped decimation during Pleistocene glaciation; they are now dominated by a few broadly distributed and well-adapted conifers that grow to large size and great age. Large trees with evergreen needle- or scale-like leaves have distinct advantages under the current climatic regime. Photosynthesis and nutrient uptake and storage are possible during the relatively warm, wet fall and winter months. High evaporative demand during the warm, dry summer reduces photosynthesis. Deciduous hardwoods are repeatedly at a disadvantage in competing with conifers in the regional climate. Their photosynthesis is predominantly limited to the growing season when evaporative demand is high and water is often limiting. Most nutrients needed are also less available at this time. The large size attained by conifers provides a buffer against environmental stress (especially for nutrients and moisture). The long duration between destructive fires and storms permits conifers to outgrow hardwoods with more limited stature and life spans.  相似文献   

Redwood/tanoak stand development and response to tanoak mortality caused by Phytophthora ramorum     

Kristen M. Waring  Kevin L. O’Hara 《Forest Ecology and Management》2008

Coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) and tanoak (Lithocarpus densiflorus) form mixed-evergreen forests along the northern California coast. In the mid-1990s, an introduced pathogen (Phytophthora ramorum) began causing extensive mortality of tanoak in these forests. This research reconstructed stand development patterns occurring in stands with and without the pathogen, measured stand responses to tanoak mortality, and developed projections of future stand development and structure in the presence of P. ramorum. Redwood forms an upper canopy layer while tanoak forms a multicohort lower canopy, resulting in distinct vertical stratification patterns. Individual redwood tree response patterns to tanoak mortality included crown expansion, increased basal sprouting, and increased basal area growth. Future stand structures will likely have greater proportions of redwood relative to tanoak.  相似文献   

Allometric relationships predicting foliar biomass and leaf area:sapwood area ratio from tree height in five Costa Rican rain forest species     

Calvo-Alvarado JC  McDowell NG  Waring RH 《Tree physiology》2008,28(11):1601-1608

We developed allometric equations to predict whole-tree leaf area (A(l)), leaf biomass (M(l)) and leaf area to sapwood area ratio (A(l):A(s)) in five rain forest tree species of Costa Rica: Pentaclethra macroloba (Willd.) Kuntze (Fabaceae/Mim), Carapa guianensis Aubl. (Meliaceae), Vochysia ferru-gi-nea Mart. (Vochysiaceae), Virola koshnii Warb. (Myris-ticaceae) and Tetragastris pana-mensis (Engl.) Kuntze (Burseraceae). By destructive analyses (n = 11-14 trees per species), we observed strong nonlinear allometric relationships (r(2) >/= 0.9) for predicting A(l) or M(l) from stem diameters or A(s) measured at breast height. Linear relationships were less accurate. In general, A(l):A(s) at breast height increased linearly with tree height except for Penta-clethra, which showed a negative trend. All species, however, showed increased total A(l) with height. The observation that four of the five species increased in A(l):A(s) with height is consistent with hypotheses about trade--offs between morphological and anatomical adaptations that favor efficient water flow through variation in the amount of leaf area supported by sapwood and those imposed by the need to respond quickly to light gaps in the canopy.  相似文献   

Statistical Data on Glacial Boulders     

Waring GA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1949,109(2829):283-284

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Immunisation against ovine caseous lymphadenitis: efficacy of monocomponent Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis toxoid vaccine and combined clostridial-corynebacterial vaccines   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

DG EGGLETON  CV DOIDGE  HD MIDDLETON  DW MINTY 《Australian veterinary journal》1991,68(10):320-321

Sheep were immunised with Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis toxoid formulated as a monocomponent vaccine with aluminium adjuvant or in combination with 5 clostridial antigens, and also in the combined form with sodium selenate. Immunised and control sheep were experimentally infected 16 days after vaccination and slaughtered and inspected after a further 3 months to determine their resistance to infection. All 3 vaccines afforded an equal and high level of protection; 91% of vaccinated sheep exhibiting no lesions of caseous lymphadenitis compared with 51.5% affected sheep in the control group. Average lesion counts were 1.2 per affected vaccinated sheep and 4.5 per affected control sheep. Antitoxin responses to the clostridial toxoids incorporated in the combined vaccines were not affected by inclusion of the C pseudotuberculosis toxoid or the sodium selenate.  相似文献   

Immunisation against ovine caseous lymphadenitis: comparison of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis vaccines with and without bacterial cells   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

DG EGGLETON  HD MIDDLETON  CV DOIDGE  DW MINTY 《Australian veterinary journal》1991,68(10):317-319

Sheep were immunised with Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis vaccines prepared from cell-free toxoid or from toxoid with formalin-killed cells of C pseudotuberculosis added. Resistance of sheep to infection was tested 6 months after immunisation by inoculation with caseous lymphadenitis pus. The outcome was assessed 3 months later by slaughter and inspection of the sheep for lesions of caseous lymphadenitis. immunised sheep were adequately protected against infection as shown by a significant reduction in the number of sheep exhibiting lesions compared with control sheep, and by fewer abscesses in affected vaccinated sheep than in affected control sheep. The protective potency of the vaccines was not improved by the inclusion of cells of C pseudotuberculosis.  相似文献