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排序方式: 共有350条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
341.
Hamid Abbas El Faki Dr. L. V. Venkatarama H. S. R. Desikachar 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1984,34(2):127-133
The effect of different types of processing such as boiling, pressure cooking, puffing, frying, germination, and germination followed by cooking on the protein and carbohydrate digestibility of chickpea, horsegram and cowpea were studied in in vitro systems. In the case of chickpea, the protein digestibility was not significantly improved by any of the treatments. However, for horsegram and cowpea, improvement in protein digestibility was observed after some of the different processing treatments. Frying decreased the protein digestibility in all of the pulses. All of the treatments, except germination, caused a marked increase in in vitro carbohydrate digestibility. 相似文献
342.
Mycobacterium farcinogenes is the causal agent of bovine farcy, a chronic infectious disease of zebu cattle in some parts of tropical Africa. Whole
cell homologous antigen of M. farcinogenes was used in the standardization and evaluation of an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of circulating
antibodies against bovine farcy using sera from confirmed bovine farcy and from bovine farcy-free cattle. The cut-off optical
density (OD) value was decided at 1.8 using filter 405nm after one hour of incubation at 37°C. Accordingly, 115 out of 124
(92.7%) serum samples from clinically proven bovine farcy cattle were reported sero-positive. Sera from cattle infected with
M. avium and M. paratuberculosis revealed OD value <1.8, indicating the differential diagnostic ability of M. farcinogenes antigen. Our test sensitivity was 92.7% and specificity was 97%, therefore could be routinely employed to support early clinical
diagnosis, epidemiological surveys and for screening animals before exportation to farcy-free regions. 相似文献
343.
伊犁河谷盐渍化区土壤盐分离子的空间变异特征 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
利用地统计学,结合地理信息系统(GIS),在面积约为400 km2的伊犁河谷典型研究区总共布设了土壤取样点60个,测定土壤表层(0~20 cm)总盐分及其组成(Ca2+、Mg2+、K+、Na+、SO42-、Cl-、CO32-、HCO3-)的空间变异性规律.结果表明:总盐分,Ca2+,HCO3-为正态分布,其余盐分离子符... 相似文献
344.
Alireza Reyshari Hamid Mohammadiazarm Takavar Mohammadian Mansour Torfi Mozanzadeh 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2019,25(5):1135-1144
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary sodium diformate (NaDF) on growth performance, gut microflora, digestive enzyme activities and immune response parameters of Asian sea bass (Lates calcarifer) juveniles. Fish with initial weight of 12.5 ± 0.4 g were fed with five experimental diets contained 0.0 (control), 5, 10.0, 15.0 and 20 g NaDF kg?1 in triplicate for 6 weeks. Fish fed diet containing 5 g NaDF kg?1 had significantly the highest final body weight and feed intake among different treatments. The gut total viable bacterial counts gradually decreased with increasing dietary NaDF level. Specific activity of chymotrypsin improved in fish fed diets administered with NaDF compared to the control group. Fish fed 5 g NaDF kg?1 diet showed the highest serum lysozyme level among different treatments. The serum classical pathway activity of complement showed higher level in fish fed diets contained 5 and 10 g NaDF kg?1 than other groups. According to break‐point regression method analysis, the optimum inclusion of dietary NaDF in L. calcarifer juveniles was estimated between 4.6 and 5.1 g/kg, when specific growth rate and feed conversion ratio were plotted against dietary NaDF levels. 相似文献
345.
Rodolphe E Gozlan Demetra Andreou Takashi Asaeda Kathleen Beyer Rachid Bouhadad Dean Burnard Nuno Caiola Predrag Cakic Vesna Djikanovic Hamid R Esmaeili Istvan Falka Duncan Golicher Akos Harka Galina Jeney Vladimír Kováč Jiří Musil Annamaria Nocita Meta Povz Nicolas Poulet Tomas Virbickas Christian Wolter A Serhan Tarkan Elena Tricarico Teodora Trichkova Hugo Verreycken Andrzej Witkowski Chun Guang Zhang Irene Zweimueller J Robert Britton 《Fish and Fisheries》2010,11(4):315-340
In recent years, policy‐makers have sought the development of appropriate tools to prevent and manage introductions of invasive species. However, these tools are not well suited for introductions of non‐target species that are unknowingly released alongside intentionally‐introduced species. The most compelling example of such invasion is arguably the topmouth gudgeon Pseudorasbora parva, a small cyprinid species originating from East Asia. A combination of sociological, economical and biological factors has fuelled their rapid invasion since the 1960s; 32 countries (from Central Asia to North Africa) have been invaded in less than 50 years. Based on a combination of monitoring surveys (2535 populations sampled) and literature reviews, this paper aims to quantify and characterise important invasion parameters, such as pathways of introduction, time between introduction and detection, lag phase and plasticity of life history traits. Every decade, five new countries have reported P. parva introduction, mainly resulting from the movement of Chinese carps for fish farming. The mean detection period after first introduction was 4 years, a duration insufficient to prevent their pan‐continental invasion. High phenotypic plasticity in fitness related traits such as growth, early maturity, fecundity, reproductive behaviour and the ability to cope with novel pathogens has predisposed P. parva to being a strong invader. The Pseudorasbora parva invasion has provided quantitative data for the development of 1) early warning systems across different spatial scales; 2) rapid eradication programmes prior to natural spread in open systems and 3) sound risk assessments with emphasis on plasticity of life history traits. 相似文献
346.
Hamid A. Naeem Norman L. Darvey Peter W. Gras Finlay MacRitchie 《Cereal Chemistry》2002,79(3):332-339
Flours from advanced lines or cultivars of six triticales and two prime hard wheats, along with triticale‐wheat blends, were investigated for mixing, extension (excluding blends), and baking properties using microscale testing. Percentage total polymeric protein (PPP) and percentage unextractable polymeric protein (UPP) of flours and doughs, including blends, mixed to optimal dough development were estimated using size‐exclusion HPLC to determine the changes in protein solubility and association with blend composition (BC), mixing properties, and loaf height. Each triticale was blended with flours of each of the two wheat cultivars (Hartog and Sunco) at 0, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, and 100% of wheat flour. Nonlinear relationships between BC and mixograph parameters (mixing time [MT], bandwidth at peak resistance [BWPR], and resistance breakdown [RBD]) were observed. A linear relationship between BC and peak resistance (PR) was predominant. PPP of triticale flours was mostly higher than PPP of wheat cultivars. UPP of all triticales was significantly lower than wheat cultivars. PPP of freeze‐dried doughs was mostly nonsignificant across the blends and showed a curvilinear relationship with BC. The deviations from linearity of MT and PPP were higher in triticale‐Sunco blends than in triticale‐Hartog blends. UPP of blends was closer to or lower than the lower component in the blend. The deviations from linearity for MT and UPP were greater in triticale‐Hartog blends than triticale‐Sunco blends. A highly significant correlation (P < 0.001) was observed between BWPR and loaf height. This suggested that BWPR in triticale‐wheat flour blends could be successfully used for the prediction of loaf height. Triticale flour could be substituted for wheat flour up to 50% in the blend without drastically affecting bread quality. Dough properties of triticale‐wheat flour blends were highly cultivar specific and dependent on blend composition. This strongly suggested that any flour blend must be tested at the desired blend composition. 相似文献
347.
Azadeh Hatef Hamid Niksirat Sayyed Mohammad Hadi Alavi 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2009,35(4):695-700
In this study, ovarian fluid composition and its effects on the motility and fertilizing ability of sperm were studied in
endangered Caspian brown trout, Salmo trutta caspius, and were compared with a saline activation medium (125 mM NaCl, 30 mM Glycine, 20 mM Tris–HCl, pH = 9.0) and freshwater
as the control. The ovarian fluid was composed of sodium 164.4 ± 4.4 mM l−1, potassium 1.8 ± 0.1 mM l−1, calcium 0.6 ± 0.1 mM l−1, magnesium 0.4 ± 0.02 mM l−1, chloride 127.4 ± 5.9 mM l−1, total protein 389.5 ± 89.6 mg 100 ml−1, cholesterol 9.3 ± 1.2 mg dl−1, and glucose 3.3 ± 0.2 mM l−1. The percentage of motile spermatozoa and the duration of sperm motility were significantly higher in ovarian fluid (62 ± 3%,
74.6 ± 0.8 s) than freshwater (35 ± 4%, 44 ± 1 s), but they did not differ significantly from saline medium (56 ± 3%, 74.3 ± 0.7 s)
(P > 0.05). Higher eyeing rates were observed after the activation of sperm in ovarian fluid and saline solution than freshwater
when 35,000 or 350,000 spermatozoa per egg were added into the activation media. However, no significant differences were
observed at higher concentrations of spermatozoa per egg (730,000) (P > 0.05). Also, this study showed that the ovarian fluid composition can be considered as a species-specific character among
salmonid fishes. As a conclusion, the results of this study recommend the use of ovarian fluid or the saline solution as an
activation medium in the artificial reproduction of Caspian brown trout. 相似文献
348.
Faba bean has the potential to become a key food and feed protein crop in many areas of the world. The presence of tannins in its seed coat has limited the deployment of this crop as feed and food. The expression of either of the two recessive genes, zt1 and zt2, causes a great reduction of tannins from the seed coat and results in a white flower phenotype. Molecular markers linked to these loci are fundamental tools for speeding up the breeding of low-tannin varieties. The main aim of this study was to develop and validate a robust molecular marker linked to the zt2 locus. We used 176 recombinant inbred lines of the Disco/2 × ILB 938/2 cross at F6 and genotyped those using 257 SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) markers. An SNP marker associated with zt2 locus was found on faba bean chromosome 3 and was used to develop a high-throughput low-cost KASP (kompetitive allele-specific PCR) marker. The KASP marker can successfully discriminate low-tannin faba beans carrying zt2 from those carrying zt1 and wild-type alleles. 相似文献
349.
Different N sources (NO3−, NH4+, or NH4NO3) at different relative addition rates (RAR) were supplied to cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), a species sensitive to NH4+ toxicity. For comparison, cucumber plants were also grown at constant concentrations of 1 and 5 mM NH4+ or 5 mM NO3−. The fresh weight of NH4+-fed plants at RAR 0.15 and RAR 0.25 day−1 was similar to that of NO3−-fed plants, while at RAR 0.35 or RAR 0.45 day−1 growth reduction occurred. When available as a constant concentration, NH4+ decreased plant growth at 5 mM. It is concluded that at low rates of N supply the relative addition rate technique can be used for growing cucumber plants with NH4+ as sole N source without deleterious effects. 相似文献
350.
Sediment source fingerprinting: benchmarking recent outputs,remaining challenges and emerging themes
Collins Adrian L. Blackwell Martin Boeckx Pascal Chivers Charlotte-Anne Emelko Monica Evrard Olivier Foster Ian Gellis Allen Gholami Hamid Granger Steve Harris Paul Horowitz Arthur J. Laceby J. Patrick Martinez-Carreras Nuria Minella Jean Mol Lisa Nosrati Kazem Pulley Simon Silins Uldis da Silva Yuri Jacques Stone Micheal Tiecher Tales Upadhayay Hari Ram Zhang Yusheng 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2020,20(12):4160-4193
Journal of Soils and Sediments - This review of sediment source fingerprinting assesses the current state-of-the-art, remaining challenges and emerging themes. It combines inputs from international... 相似文献