Screening for antioxidant activity in edible plant products: comparison of low-density lipoprotein oxidation assay, DPPH radical scavenging assay, and Folin-Ciocalteu assay     

Katsube T  Tabata H  Ohta Y  Yamasaki Y  Anuurad E  Shiwaku K  Yamane Y 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(8):2391-2396

Oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) has been implicated in atherogenesis. Antioxidants that prevent LDL from oxidizing may reduce atherosclerosis. This study investigated LDL antioxidant activity in edible plant products for development of dietary supplementation to prevent atherosclerosis. Fifty-two kinds of edible plants were extracted using 70% aqueous ethanol solution, and the antioxidant activity of the extracts, which inhibit human LDL oxidation induced by copper ion, was determined on the basis of the oxidation lag time and represented as epigallocatechin 3-gallate equivalent. 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and total phenolic content were also measured for comparisons with antioxidant activity in LDL. Plant products showing the greatest activity in LDL oxidation assay were akamegashiwa (Mallotus japonicus) leaf, Japanese privet (Ligustrum japonicum) leaf, green tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze], and astringent persimmon (Diospyros kaki). The present study revealed high levels of LDL antioxidant activity in plant products for which such activity levels are underestimated in the DPPH radical scavenging assay and Folin-Ciocalteu assay.  相似文献   

Dimensional stabilization of wood treated with furfuryl alcohol catalysed by borates     

Ergun?BaysalEmail author  S.?Kiyoka?Ozaki  Mustafa?Kemal?Yalinkilic 《Wood Science and Technology》2004,38(6):405-415

Furfuryl alcohol has a sufficiently small molecular size, which allows impregnation into wood and can be polymerized in the cell walls. Polymerization can be accomplished using a catalyst, heat or penetrating radiation. This research illustrates a natural wood polymer composite (NWPC) that was obtained under the catalytic effect of borates. Furfuryl alcohol (FA) and borates were mixed at different ratios before treatment. When borates alone are used, they were totally leached from wood after cyclic leaching periods. However, this was not encountered with the mixture of furfuryl alcohol and borates. Furfuryl alcohol considerably improved antiswelling efficiency by about 85% for both Japanese cedar ( Cryptomeria japonica) and Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) wood specimens. Results of the leaching tests of borate indicated that boric acid readily lost its boron content in the early cycles of the leaching periods and the highest leaching rate of boron was observed at the first leaching cycle (512 ppm). When furfuryl alcohol mixed with borates, boron was released to the leaching water at slower amounts, suggesting the possibility of longer protection of treated wood in service.  相似文献   

Hepatoblastoma in a cat     

Ano N  Ozaki K  Nomura K  Narama I 《Veterinary pathology》2011,48(5):1020-1023

Hepatoblastomas are neoplasms that originate from putative pluripotential stem cells of the liver. A hepatic mass from an 8-year-old Abyssinian cat was composed of cords and sheets of neoplastic cells, with scattered rosettes and small ductal structures. Most neoplastic cells had a pale eosinophilic cytoplasm and a round to ovoid nucleus. The tumor also had short spindle cells with an oval nucleus. Immunohistochemically, neoplastic cells were weakly positive for embryonic hepatocellular markers, such as alpha-fetoprotein and cytokeratin (CK) 8/18, but negative for the hepatocellular marker Hepatocyte Paraffin 1. The cells were also positive for CD56/neural cell adhesion molecule and for the biliary epithelial markers CK 7, CK 8/18, CK CAM5.2, and vimentin, but negative for CK 20. Some neoplastic cells expressed neuroectodermal or neuroendocrine markers, such as protein gene product 9.5 and synaptophysin, but were negative for chromogranin A and not argyrophilic by the Grimelius technique. The cat died soon after the biopsy without clinical improvement.  相似文献   

Cryptosporidium parvum in diarrheic calves detected by microscopy and identified by immunochromatographic and molecular methods     

Díaz-Lee A  Mercado R  Onuoha EO  Ozaki LS  Muñoz P  Muñoz V  Martínez FJ  Fredes F 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,176(2-3):139-144

Cryptosporidium is an important protozoan parasite that causes diarrhea in neonates and young bovines. The objective of the present study was to determine the frequency of Cryptosporidium infection in animals of dairy farms of the Metropolitan Region (Santiago), Chile. Fecal samples of 205 newborn calves with diarrhea were studied and used for comparing the efficiency of two microscopic staining methods for diagnosis of the parasite, the auramine (AU) and a modified Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) procedure. Out of the 205 fecal samples, we detected oocysts in 115 (56.1%) with AU and 102 (49.8%) with ZN. Comparison of results obtained with the two microscopic techniques showed significant difference (p<0.05), AU being more sensitive. On the other hand, concordance between the two methods was almost perfect (kappa value of 0.83). The results with these two operator dependent methods were confirmed using an operator independent immunochromatographic (IC) method. The IC method also enabled us to determine the identity of the parasite species as that of Cryptosporidium parvum. Identification of the parasite species was further corroborated by performing a Cryptosporidium species-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test on few samples taken at random. Overall, the results showed a high number of infected animals suggesting the parasite C. parvum as a major parasitic disease agent of neonatal calves with diarrhea in dairy farms of the Metropolitan Region (Santiago) of Chile.  相似文献   

Antimicrobial resistance in fecal Escherichia coli isolated from growing chickens on commercial broiler farms     

Ozaki H  Esaki H  Takemoto K  Ikeda A  Nakatani Y  Someya A  Hirayama N  Murase T 《Veterinary microbiology》2011,150(1-2):132-139

To investigate the effects of rearing practices of commercial broiler chickens on the incidence of antimicrobial resistance in commensal Escherichia coli isolates, fecal E. coli isolates obtained in 4 farms were screened for anitimicrobial resistance. Ten E. coli isolates were recovered from each of the fecal samples collected from 10 birds in the farms at the ages of 2 days, 14-17 days, and 47-50 days. In 2 out of the 4 farms, no antimicrobials were used during the rearing period. In the other two farms, following collection of the fecal samples at 14 and 15 days of age, oxytetracycline (OTC), sulfadimethoxine (SDMX), and tylosin were given to birds on one farm and SDMX was used in the other. Isolates resistant to ampicillin and OTC that were obtained from an untreated flock at different sampling times were closely related to each other by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns (PFGE) of XbaI-digested chromosomal DNA. PFGE analysis together with in vitro conjugation experiments suggested that diversity of resistance phenotypes within a clone may be resulted from the acquisition and loss of R-plasmids in an untreated and a treated flock. The numbers of resistance phenotypes observed among fecal isolates increased during the growth of the chickens in all the farms. The results in the present study suggest that persistence of commensal E. coli strains resistant to antimicrobials even in the absence of antimicrobial administration. It is also hypothesized that horizontal transmission of resistance determinants resulted in the emergence of different resistance phenotypes in those farms.  相似文献   

Trends of bulk precipitation and Streamwater Chemistry in a Small Mountainous Watershed on the Shikoku Island of Japan     

Abu Farah Md. Anisur Rahman  Hiromasa Hiura  Kazuo Shino 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2006,175(1-4):257-273

For this study, characteristics and trends of the chemical constituents in bulk precipitation and streamwater were observed in a small mountainous watershed on the Shikoku Island of Japan, which covered an area of 27.4 hectares. Bulk precipitation and streamwater chemistry data spans from May 1997 to October 2004, and January 1996 to October 2004, respectively. The data were tested for two types of trends: (1) a monotonic trend to determine if concentrations of the chemical constituents were generally decreasing, increasing, or stable during the study period, and (2) a step trend to determine if a change occurred following the December 1999-January 2000 forest thinning. Both parametric and non-parametric statistical analyses were carried out in this study. Although the study area is only 35 km away from the Pacific Ocean, bulk precipitation chemistry was also influenced by terrestrial sources to a large extent. Streamwater chemistry was influenced by bedrock weathering, which was dominated by Ca²⁺ and HCO_3?, and was not strongly related top recipitation chemistry.Non?parametric Seasonal Kendall Test(SKT)showedadeceasingtr end of Ca ₂₊ and anincreasing tr end of K ₊ in bulk precipitation.Despite the decreasing trend of Mg ₂₊, an increasing trend of pH was found in the stream water.Non?paramet ric Mann?Whit ney?Wilcoxon Rank Sum test showed statistically sign if icantin creases of NO _3? and Ca ₂₊ in stream water followed by a moderate thinning operation.  相似文献   

Surface-plasmon holography with white-light illumination     

Ozaki M  Kato J  Kawata S 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,332(6026):218-220

The recently emerging three-dimensional (3D) displays in the electronic shops imitate depth illusion by overlapping two parallax 2D images through either polarized glasses that viewers are required to wear or lenticular lenses fixed directly on the display. Holography, on the other hand, provides real 3D imaging, although usually limiting colors to monochrome. The so-called rainbow holograms--mounted, for example, on credit cards--are also produced from parallax images that change color with viewing angle. We report on a holographic technique based on surface plasmons that can reconstruct true 3D color images, where the colors are reconstructed by satisfying resonance conditions of surface plasmon polaritons for individual wavelengths. Such real 3D color images can be viewed from any angle, just like the original object.  相似文献   

Detection of antibodies to the nonstructural protein (NS1) of influenza A virus allows distinction between vaccinated and infected horses.   总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19  

H Ozaki  T Sugiura  S Sugita  H Imagawa  H Kida 《Veterinary microbiology》2001,82(2):111-119

Antibodies to the nonstructural protein (NS1) of A/equine/Miami/1/63 (H3N8) influenza virus were detected exclusively in the sera of mice experimentally infected with A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2) and horses infected with A/equine/Kentucky/1/81 (H3N8) or A/equine/La Plata/1/93 (H3N8), but not in those of the animals immunized with the inactivated viruses, by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a recombinant NS1 as antigen. The results indicate that the present method is useful for serological diagnosis to distinguish horses infected with equine H3 influenza viruses from those immunized with the inactivated vaccine.  相似文献   

A genetic linkage map of the Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus     

Maria R. M. Coimbra  Kazunobu Kobayashi  Shinrokuro Koretsugu  Osamu Hasegawa  Eriko Ohara  Akiyuki Ozaki  Takashi Sakamoto  Kyoshi Naruse  Nobuaki Okamoto   《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2003,220(1-4):203-218

We report the first genetic linkage map of the Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) constructed with 111 microsatellite markers and 352 AFLP fragments. The parental male linkage map consisted of 25 linkage groups while the female map consisted of 27 groups, with an average resolution of 8 and 6.6 cM, respectively. We have identified linkage among 96% of the markers and the total map length was estimated to be around 1000–1200 cM. This study reports the first low-density linkage map for the Japanese flounder and describes differences in sex recombination. Recombination rates were higher in male flounder compared to the female (7.4:1), a rare condition among vertebrates. This map is a starting point for the mapping of single loci and quantitative traits in flatfish species.  相似文献   

Cutaneous Hemangiosarcoma in a Dog     

Naho Tsuji  Satoshi Furukawa  Kiyokazu Ozaki 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2013,26(2):193-195

A male golden retriever of unknown age presented with multiple cutaneous and subcutaneous masses from the left elbow to the digits. Histopathologically, multiple tumor foci had formed from the dermis to the subcutaneous tissue. Tumor foci consisted of a vascular structure, alveolar structure and solid proliferative area. The borders among these areas were not clear. Some neoplastic cells resembled a mature endothelium, while others were large pleomorphic cells. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were usually strongly positive for CD31 and often positive for PROX-1, the lymphatic endothelial cell marker. Based on these findings, the tumor was diagnosed as a hemangiosarcoma with lymphatic differentiation.  相似文献