Is good care (only) guaranteed by a specialist? Part 2     

Beijer A  Deinum J  Groenestein P  Hopmans J  Kappen M  Moorman H  Rasenberg W  Rierink H 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2008,133(14-15):631; author reply 631

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Immersive Co-production to Inform Ranch Management in Gunnison,Colorado, USA     

Jacob S. Courkamp  Corrine N. Knapp  Bruce Allen 《Herpetological Monographs》2019,41(4):178-184

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Enteroinsular axis response to carbohydrates and fasting in healthy newborn foals     

Lindsey M. Rings  Jacob M. Swink  Laura K. Dunbar  Teresa A. Burns  Ramiro E. Toribio 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2019,33(6):2752-2764

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Opsonizing effect of the 19S and 7S bovine serum globulins     

W Erler  B Jacob  G Kasch  H Meyer  G Steinbach 《Archiv fuer experimentelle veterinaermedizin》1972,26(2):349-353

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Degradability of amino acids in selected legume forages using the in situ nylon-bag technique     

Simbarashe Katsande  Joseph J Baloyi  Florence V Nherera-Chokuda  Nobbert T Ngongoni  Jacob Gusha  Gift Matope 《African Journal of Range and Forage Science》2018,35(2):131-135

This study was conducted to determine the amino acid profiles and rumen degradability of amino acids of three cultivated forage legumes – velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) and silverleaf desmodium (Desmodium uncinatum) – using the in situ nylon-bag technique. Two Friesian cows fitted with 10-cm-diameter rumen cannulae on a complete dairy feed ration (19% crude-protein dairy meal and maize silage) were used. Silverleaf desmodium had significantly (p < 0.05) higher concentration of amino acids compared with cowpea and velvet bean. Aspartic acid showed the highest (p < 0.05) concentration in all legumes and cysteine showed the lowest concentration. Legume forage of cowpea showed the highest (p < 0.05) level of degradability of amino acid followed by silverleaf desmodium and then velvet bean. Readily and slowly degradable components in all amino acids were highest (p < 0.05) in cowpea followed by silverleaf desmodium and then velvet bean. Moreover, silverleaf and cowpea showed higher (p < 0.05) levels of effective degradability of amino acids (at outflow rates p = 0.02, 0.04 and 0.06 h^?1) than velvet bean. Total amino acid disappearance was the least in velvet bean, which suggests that it can be used to supply bypass protein to the duodenum of the ruminant animal.  相似文献   

Vegetation Response to Juniper Reduction and Grazing Exclusion in Sagebrush-Steppe Habitat in Eastern Oregon     

Jacob W. Dittel  Dana Sanchez  Lisa M. Ellsworth  Connor N. Morozumi  Ricardo Mata-Gonzalez 《Strength and Conditioning Journal》2018,71(2):213-219

Western juniper expansion is one of the largest threats to conserving sagebrush steppe ecosystems in the northwestern United States. Juniper expansion has degraded the sagebrush steppe by altering fire regimes and outcompeting shrubs and herbaceous vegetation for limited resources. We characterized the effect of juniper removal in a severely degraded sagebrush steppe habitat for 3 yr following juniper cutting. In addition, we measured the effect of low-intensity seasonal grazing on plant community recovery through cattle exclusion treatments. We monitored plant community composition (exotic annual grasses, preferred grasses, preferred forbs, and shrubs); fuel loads; and juniper recruitment in a factorial design of juniper removal and grazing exclusion. We found that although there were significant differences between cut and uncut juniper treatments, there were no consistent trends across all 3 yr. Our results suggest that other factors, such as timing of precipitation, may also have strong short-term effects on plant community composition. We detected no significant grazing effects during the study period, suggesting the current grazing regime is appropriate for the area. The cutting of juniper increased total fuel loads and herbaceous fuel loads. Compared with open interspace, a twofold increase in juniper seedlings and saplings was detected beneath juniper piles, which will act as sources for future juniper encroachment.  相似文献   

Effects of acute environmental and handling exposure on physiology and fillet quality of market‐sized Channel Catfish     

Shay Allred  Wenjie Shao  Jacob H. Jones  M. Wes Schilling  Beth H. Baker  Peter J. Allen 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(5):1854-1866

Catfish Ictalurus spp. are subjected to stressful conditions during harvest, which may be linked to fillet coloration and quality. Poor water quality in ponds, socks or hauling tanks, as well as handling stress, have been suggested to cause red fillets in catfish; however, chronic exposure has not resulted in red fillets. Short‐term occurrences of extreme poor water quality, particularly low dissolved oxygen, high carbon dioxide and high temperature, may occur in ponds or during harvest. Therefore, market‐sized Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus were acutely exposed (12 hr) to one of the three water quality treatments while confined during a simulated socking procedure and evaluated for stress responses by means of change in blood parameters and fillet quality. In fish subjected to the extreme treatment, hematocrit, plasma cortisol, glucose and lactate levels increased, with 22% mortality, indicating highly stressful conditions. In fish subjected to moderate and typical (control) treatments, cortisol increased but a lack of change or decrease in glucose and lactate indicated minimal anaerobic metabolism. Only one red fillet was produced by the extreme treatment and two by the typical treatment; therefore, the results suggest red fillets are not a product of poor water quality compounded by handling during harvest.  相似文献   

A comparative molecular field analysis study of obtusifoliol 14α-methyl demethylase inhibitors     

Tom M Bargar  Jacob Secor  Lowell D Markley  Brian A Shaw  Jon A Erickson 《Pest management science》1999,55(11):1059-1069

This report describes the development of a Comparative Molecular Field Analysis (CoMFA) model from a set of obtusifoliol 14α-methyl demethylase (DM) inhibitors to aid in the design of herbicides targeting sterol biosynthesis. CoMFA is a three-dimensional (3-D) quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) method that is useful in the probing of receptor binding sites when experimental structure data are unavailable. Conformational analysis and SAR of some rigid and active analogs were used to build the initial model using the active analog hypothesis. The model was subsequently used to design compounds that retain the active site shape requirements, but incorporate physical properties that favor soil-applied herbicidal action. In addition, a second-generation CoMFA model incorporating the newly designed inhibitors was developed and represents the current understanding of the DM binding site. This model was derived from a pharmacophore developed from two methods, the active analog approach as well as from the Catalyst program. The fact that two independent methods produced a similar pharmacophore strengthens the validity of the model. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

The role of shore crabs and mussel density in mussel losses at a commercial intertidal mussel plot after seeding     

Jacob J. Capelle  Gerard Scheiberlich  Jeroen W. M. Wijsman  Aad C. Smaal 《Aquaculture International》2016,24(5):1459-1472

Mussel losses peak after relaying seed on culture plots. The present paper is an attempt to examine the role of shore crab predation and initial mussel density on mussel losses in mussel bottom culture using an intertidal culture plot as a case study. Because of their small size and loose attachment, mussels are particularly vulnerable to predation at this stage, as well as to handling stress and intraspecific competition. In the experimental field plots (1 × 1 m) in the intertidal Oosterschelde, three different densities (1, 5 and 10 kg m^?2) of mussel seed are laid, with half of the experimental plots protected from predation by means of exclosures. Duration of the experiment was 5 weeks (August–September 2012) post-seeding. Protection was the major factor accounting for biomass production, followed by mussel density. Loss rates increased with mussel density, both in the exclosures and in the exposed plots. Losses in the exclosures with the lowest density were still 45 %. There are indications that handling stress prior to the start of the experiment played a major role in these losses. At the higher densities in the exclosures, losses increased to 72.1 % and were not significantly different between 5 and 10 kg m^?2. About one-third of the total loss (32.6 %) was attributed to shore crab predation. The number of shore crabs observed on the plots did not differ between treatments. Byssal thread development during the experimental period was followed and was found to be a slow process that was insufficient to protect mussels from crab predation at the sheltered experimental location.  相似文献   

Assessing the prospects of Streptomyces sp. RP1A-12 in managing groundnut stem rot disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc     

Simi Jacob  Ramgopal Rao Sajjalaguddam  K. Vijay Krishna Kumar  Rajeev Varshney  Hari Kishan Sudini 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2016,82(2):96-104

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