Transobturator vaginal tape inside out for treatment of urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence in female dogs: cadaveric study and preliminary study in continent female dogs     

Claeys S  Ruel H  de Leval J  Heimann M  Hamaide A 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2010,39(8):957-968

Objectives: (1) To describe a surgical technique adapted from the “transobturator vaginal tape inside‐out” (TVT‐O) used in women and to define the trajectory of the tape on canine cadavers, and (2) to determine the urodynamic and morphological effects of the TVT‐O in continent bitches. Study Design: Cadaveric and experimental in vivo study. Animals: Fresh female canine cadavers (n=12) and spayed female Beagle dogs (2). Methods: (1) TVT‐O was inserted in 12 cadavers. Dissection was performed and distances between the tape and neighboring structures were recorded. (2) TVT‐O was inserted in 2 continent female Beagle dogs. Urethral pressure profilometry and vaginourethrograms were performed preoperatively, immediately after surgery, and 2, 4, and 6 months postoperatively. Histopathology was performed 6 months after surgery. Results: (1) TVT‐O tape was consistently located in a perineal space before entering the obturator foramina and was located at a safe distance from major neurovascular structures including the femoral vessels and obturator nerve. (2) TVT‐O was performed without any surgical or postoperative complications in 2 continent bitches. Histopathologic examination of the tissues surrounding the tape revealed a mild fibroblastic proliferation with a mild to minimal lymphoplasmacytic inflammatory infiltration. Conclusions: TVT‐O is a feasible and accurate procedure that can be performed in continent bitches with a low risk of complications.  相似文献   

Is the Puerto Rican Racer,Alsophis portoricensis,Really Harmless? A Case Report Series     

Carlos García-Gubern  Raúl Bello  Victor Rivera  Angel Rocafort  Lissandra Colon-Rolon  Hector Acosta-Tapia 《The Forestry Chronicle》2010,21(4):353-356

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Effects of inbreeding on population mean performance and observational variances in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Eucalyptus globulus</Emphasis>     

João Costa e Silva  Craig Hardner  Paul Tilyard  Ana M. Pires  Brad M. Potts 《Annals of Forest Science》2010,67(6):605-605

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Nutrients return from leaves and litterfall in a mediterranean cork oak (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Quercus suber</Emphasis> L.) forest in southwestern Spain     

Enrique Andivia  Manuel Fernández  Javier Vázquez-Piqué  Aranzazu González-Pérez  Raúl Tapias 《European Journal of Forest Research》2010,129(1):5-12

The knowledge of the cycle of nutrients is fundamental for the correct comprehension of the tree–soil relationship and for an adequate forest management. In order to analyse the nutrients return from leaves and litterfall in a Mediterranean cork oak forest in southwestern Spain, 12 trees were randomly selected and litterfall collected for 2 years. Samples were taken monthly and separated in different fractions (leaves, twigs, catkins, acorns and miscellaneous), then leaves nutrients were analyzed. Simultaneously, we analyzed the nutrient content of living leaves from the same trees in each season during 1 year. The analyzed nutrients were C, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, S, Cu, Zn and Mo. Annual patterns of each nutrient in fallen leaves were characterized and compared with seasonal values of these nutrients in living leaves. Leaves fall has two annual maximum, first and most important in spring around April coinciding with renewal of foliar cover and second around October. Main concentration patterns of N, P and K are related with phenological patterns, in consequence minimum concentration in leaves fall were obtained in periods of growing and maximum litterfall. Concentrations of Ca, Fe and Mn increase with the age of the leaves and maximum concentrations were obtained before periods of maximum litterfall while concentrations of Cu, Mo and Mg stay stable. Seasonal analysis of nutrients in living leaves collected from the same trees in four different periods of the year allowed to corroborate the patterns of leaves fall and the probable osmotic function of K.  相似文献   

Developmental phases in a temperate natural spruce-fir-beech forest: determination by a supervised classification method     

Kamil Král  Tomáš Vrška  Libor Hort  Dušan Adam  Pavel Šamonil 《European Journal of Forest Research》2010,129(3):339-351

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Comparative analysis of canine monocyte- and bone-marrow-derived dendritic cells     

Meret Elisabeth Ricklin Gutzwiller  Hervé Rapha?l Moulin  Andreas Zurbriggen  Petra Roosje  Artur Summerfield 《Veterinary research》2010,41(4)

Dendritic cells (DC) represent a heterogeneous cell family of major importance for innate immune responses against pathogens and antigen presentation during infection, cancer, allergy and autoimmunity. The aim of the present study was to characterize canine DC generated in vitro with respect to their phenotype, responsiveness to toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands and T-cell stimulatory capacity. DC were derived from monocytes (MoDC) and from bone marrow hematopoietic cells cultured with either Flt3-ligand (FL-BMDC) or with GM-CSF (GM-BMDC). All three methods generated cells with typical DC morphology that expressed CD1c, CD11c and CD14, similar to macrophages. However, CD40 was only found on DC, CD206 on MΦ and BMDC, but not on monocytes and MoDC. CD1c was not found on monocytes but on all in vitro differentiated cells. FL-BMDC and GM-BMDC were partially positive for CD4 and CD8. CD45RA was expressed on a subset of FL-BMDC but not on MoDC and GM-BMDC. MoDC and FL-DC responded well to TLR ligands including poly-IC (TLR2), Pam3Cys (TLR3), LPS (TLR4) and imiquimod (TLR7) by up-regulating MHC II and CD86. The generated DC and MΦ showed a stimulatory capacity for lymphocytes, which increased upon maturation with LPS. Taken together, our results are the basis for further characterization of canine DC subsets with respect to their role in inflammation and immune responses.  相似文献   

Foreword     

Michel Pépin  No?l Tordo 《Veterinary research》2010,41(6)

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Molecular characterization of the VP1 gene of a Mexican isolate of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus     

Barrera-Mejía M  Simón-Martínez J  Ulloa-Arvizu R  Salgado-Miranda C  Soriano-Vargas E 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2010,74(3):218-222

The presence of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) in salmonids predominantly produces a high mortality rate in first-feeding fry. Genomic analysis of the vp2 gene sequence is most commonly used to determine the genetic diversity of IPNV isolates. Recently, information obtained from the vp1 gene allowed for efficient analysis of the genetic diversity of IPNV. In this study, the vp1 gene from a Mexican IPNV isolate was characterized and compared with IPNV isolates from Europe, North America, and Asia. The results indicate that the Mexican isolate is most closely related genetically to the 2310 strain from Spain.  相似文献   

Sunflower oil supplementation alters meat quality but not performance of growing partridges (Alectoris chukar)     

N. Gülşen  H. D. Umucalılar  K. Kırıkçı  A. Hayirli  A. Aktümsek  S. Alaşahan 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2010,94(2):196-203

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of sunflower oil supplementation (0%, 3%, 6% and 9%) to partridge chicks (Alectoris chukar) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and carcass characteristics. Feed consumption and live weight gain were responsive to dietary sunflower oil inclusion during the starter period, but not during the grower period. Increasing sunflower oil level linearly increased crude protein and fat digestibilities. Except for abdominal fat, weights of inedible parts and edible organs remained unchanged by the diets. The treatments linearly decreased weight and efficiency of carcass and weights of wings and breast and did not alter weights of thighs and neck. Breast meat saturated fatty acids decreased linearly by 17.9% and unsaturated fatty acids increased linearly by 10.6%, as sunflower oil level increased in the diets. Monounsaturated fatty acids decreased linearly by 27.3%, whereas polyunsaturated fatty acids increased linearly by 51%. Overall, n‐3 (0.78% vs. 0.59%) and n‐6 (42.6% vs. 29.8%) were greater in breast meat in treatment groups than in control group. In conclusion, sunflower addition into diets has minimal effects on performance of growing partridges, but significantly alters meat fatty acid composition.  相似文献   

Correspondence     

Miss Nicki Grint  Dr Jo Murrell  Dr Becky Whey  Dr Polly Taylor 《Equine Veterinary Education》2010,22(4):210-210

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