Quantification and persistence of recombinant DNA of Roundup Ready corn and soybean in rotation     

Lerat S  Gulden RH  Hart MM  Powell JR  England LS  Pauls KP  Swanton CJ  Klironomos JN  Trevors JT 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(25):10226-10231

The presence of the recombinant cp4 epsps gene from Roundup Ready (RR) corn and RR soybean was quantified using real-time PCR in soil samples from a field experiment growing RR and conventional corn and soybean in rotation. RR corn and RR soybean cp4 epsps persisted in soil for up to 1 year after seeding. The concentration of recombinant DNA in soil peaked in July and August in RR corn and RR soybean plots, respectively. A small fraction of soil samples from plots seeded with conventional crops contained recombinant DNA, suggesting transgene dispersal by means of natural process or agricultural practices. This research will aid in the understanding of the persistence of recombinant DNA in agricultural cropping systems.  相似文献   

豚草和三裂叶豚草拮抗植物的筛选     

付开赟  王钿  丁新华  贾尊尊  吐尔逊·阿合买提  张国良  付卫东  文俊  加马力丁·吾拉扎汗  王兰  郭文超 《新疆农业科学》2022,59(12):3030-3046

【目的】 研究豚草(Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.)和三裂叶豚草(Ambrosia trifida L.)浸提液对常用替代牧草高羊茅、早熟禾、黑麦草、披碱草,以及对苜蓿、葵花、玉米、小麦、甜菜种子萌发的影响;筛选对豚草和三裂叶豚草具有防控效果的替代植物以及最佳混种方式。【方法】 采用培养皿滤纸法,研究豚草和三裂叶豚草浸提液对供试种子萌发的影响。采用盆栽竞争试验,运用DeWit取代试验研究法,设置牧草和入侵杂草5种混种方式,混种比例分别为1∶1、1∶2、1∶3、2∶1、3∶1,研究黑麦草、披碱草和高羊茅与豚草和三裂叶豚草的竞争效应,分析3种牧草对豚草和三裂叶豚草的替代控制潜力。【结果】 随着豚草和三裂叶豚草的浸提液浓度的增加,4种常用替代牧草种子和新源县5种主要作物种子发芽率,发芽指数和化感效应指数均下降。5种混种密度下,黑麦草、高羊茅与三裂叶豚草混种比例为3∶1时,三裂叶豚草的竞争平衡指数分别为(-0.505 1±0.301 5)、(-0.757 6±0.265 88)均显著小于0(P<0.05);黑麦草、高羊茅与豚草混种比例为1:3时豚草竞争平衡指数分别为(-0.955 8±0.518 08)、(-2.049 7±0.178 55)均显著小于0(P<0.05)。【结论】 豚草和三裂叶豚草浸提液对供试种子萌发具有化感抑制作用;且浸提液浓度越大抑制作用越强,同时叶部化感抑制作用大于根部。三裂叶豚草对四种牧草种子萌发的化感抑制作用大于豚草。黑麦草和高羊茅可以作为豚草和三裂叶豚草的替代植物。黑麦草和高羊茅防治三裂叶豚草时建议播种比例为3∶1;防治豚草时建议播种比例为1∶3。豚草和三裂叶豚草发生密度较大时其化感抑制作用越强,影响牧草萌发生长,应适当加大替代牧草播种量。  相似文献   

温室春季辣椒间套作西瓜·豇豆绿色高效栽培模式与经济效益分析     

刘志刚  胡西旦·买买提  郭红梅  阿木提·库尔班  王瑞华  李海峰  任红松 《安徽农业科学》2021,49(8):66-68

介绍了温室春季辣椒间套作西瓜、豇豆绿色高效栽培模式下品种选择、种子处理、育苗、定植前准备、定植、定植后管理、病虫害防治、经济效益分析等方面的内容.结果表明,温室春季辣椒间套作西瓜、豇豆绿色高效栽培模式的应用,可以高效利用土地,节约成本,提高经济效益.经过多年生产实践和调查研究,总结出了适合吐鲁番温室春季辣椒间套作西瓜、豇豆绿色高效栽培模式,该模式平均纯收入为371730元/hm2,比单作辣椒增收106560元/hm2,增收40.19％,二者呈极显著差异.  相似文献   

Pulmonary Disease Potentially Associated with Nicoletella semolina in 3 Young Horses     

E.L. McConachie  K.A. Hart  D.D. Whelchel  E.L. Schroeder  H.C. Schott  II  S. Sanchez 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2014,28(3):939-943

  相似文献   

Genetics of wood quality attributes in Western Larch     

Blaise Ratcliffe  Foster J. Hart  Jaroslav Klápště  Barry Jaquish  Shawn D. Mansfield  Yousry A. El-Kassaby 《Annals of Forest Science》2014,71(3):415-424

Context

Wood quality traits are important to balance the negative decline of wood quality associated with selection for growth attributes in gymnosperm breeding programs. Obtaining wood quality estimates quickly is crucial for successful incorporation in breeding programs.

Aims

The aims of this paper are to: (1) Estimate genetic and phenotypic correlations between growth and wood quality attributes, (2) Estimate heritability of the studied traits, and (3) Assess the accuracy of in situ non-destructive tools as a representative of actual wood density.

Methods

Wood density (X-ray densitometry), tree height, diameter, volume, resistance drilling, acoustic velocity, and dynamic modulus of elasticity were estimated, along with their genetic parameters, for 1,200, 20-year-old trees from 25 open-pollinated families.

Results

Individual tree level heritabilities for non-destructive evaluation attributes were moderate ( $ {\widehat{h}}_i^2=0.37-0.42 $ ), wood density and growth traits were lower ( $ {\widehat{h}}_i^2=0.23-0.35 $ ). Favorable genetic and phenotypic correlations between growth traits, wood density, and non-destructive evaluation traits were observed. A perfect genetic correlation was found between resistance drilling and wood density (r _G ?=?1.00?±?0.07), while acoustic velocity and dynamic modulus of elasticity showed weaker genetic correlations with wood density (r _G ?=?0.25?±?0.24;?0.46?±?0.21, respectively).

Conclusion

This study confirmed that resistance drilling is a reliable predictor of wood density in western larch, while the weak genetic correlations displayed by acoustic velocity and dynamic modulus of elasticity suggest limited dependability for their use as fast in situ wood density assessment methods in this species.  相似文献   

不同造林时间对3个树种幼苗叶片光合特性的影响     

李丕军  王文月  艾吉尔·阿不拉  贾瑞琪  宁虎森 《河南农业科学》2014,(11):113-116

采用培育55 d的银新杨、白榆和文冠果营养钵苗在生长季6月、7月和8月不同时间进行造林,测定缓苗期3个树种叶片的光合指标,以期为幼苗缓苗期的管理提供依据。结果表明：3个树种的光合指标均存在显著差异。同一树种不同造林时间的净光合速率无显著差异,蒸腾速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度则存在差异,以7月的值最大。3个树种在不同造林时间的光合特性变化基本一致,净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度与胞间 CO2浓度在栽后1～3 d出现持续下降,4 d开始回升,5～7 d内恢复到栽前水平。3个树种在不同造林时间的缓苗期为5～7 d,此时应该加强土壤水分的管理,保证水分供应充足,确保幼苗尽快度过缓苗期,提高造林成活率。  相似文献   

Artemia prey size and mode of presentation: Effects on the survival and growth of phyllosoma larvae of southern rock lobster (Jasus edwardsii)     

Arthur J. Ritar  Greg G. Smith  Graeme A. Dunstan  Malcolm R. Brown  Piers R. Hart 《Aquaculture International》2003,11(1-2):163-182

Performance of phyllosoma of thesouthern rock lobster (Jasus edwardsii)was examined after feeding Artemia-baseddiets. Survival and growth of newly-hatchedlarvae cultured to Stage III were lower(p < 0.05) when fed 0.8 mm Artemia than1.5 mm or 2.5 mm Artemia alone or 1.5 mmArtemia in combination with pieces ofmussel (Mytilus edulis planulatus) gonad.This could not be attributed to deficiencies inthe composition of fatty acids but appeared tobe due to the inability of larvae to capturesufficient appropriate-sized, enrichedArtemia for their nutritional requirements.There was an indication that survival andgrowth were higher between Stages III and Vwhen fed 2.5 mm Artemia than 1.5 mmArtemia alone or in combination with musselpieces. However, Stage VI larvae grew to asimilar size at Stage VIII when fed 1.5 mm or2.5 mm Artemia. Unexpectedly, larvae fedthe combination of 1.5 mm Artemia plusmussel supplement had lower survival than foundpreviously, and generally lower than when fed 1.5 mm Artemia alone. This was despitean apparent nutritional profile (lipid contentand fatty acid composition) of mussel more akinto that of newly-hatched phyllosoma thanenriched Artemia. On the other hand,survival and growth to Stage VIII were higherwhen larvae were fed alginate pelletscontaining Artemia than when fed 1.5 mmor 2.5 mm Artemia alone.  相似文献   

The effects of kin and familiarity on interactions between fish   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

Ashley J W Ward  & Paul J B Hart 《Fish and Fisheries》2003,4(4):348-358

Fish have been shown to discriminate between individuals on very general bases such as species, body length and colour. More recently, evidence has been accumulating from a number of species that relatedness and familiarity may be extremely important in mediating a range of interactions between individual fish. Studies have shown that fish are able to recognize kin and/or familiars, and that this ability potentially conveys significant benefits, including increased inclusive fitness, reduced inbreeding costs, reduced competition and enhanced antipredator behaviour. Here, we review the literature and consider future directions and applications for this research.  相似文献   

非繁殖季节提高公羊精液品质的研究     

王艳萍  曾维斌  薛建华  亚生江·吐松 《塔里木大学学报》2014,26(3):20-23

本研究是在非繁殖季节,用电刺激采精法获取5只公羊的精液,对比了其鲜精、冻精与睾丸大小在激素短期处理前后的变化。结果表明,公羊经激素短期处理后,鲜精各指标有了显著（P〈0.05）提高,睾丸的大小也发生了变化。冻后精子的活力比处理前的提高了0.11,顶体完整率提高了6%,均有了显著性（P〈0.05）的变化。  相似文献   

The effect of photoperiod on growth, survival, colour and activity of juvenile southern rock lobster, Jasus edwardsii     

B J Crear  P R Hart  & C W Thomas 《Aquaculture Research》2003,34(6):439-444

Juvenile (1–10 g) southern rock lobsters, Jasus edwardsii, were subjected to five photoperiods [0L(light):24D(dark); 6L:18D; 12L:12D; 18L:6D; 24L:0D] during a 112‐day trial, and growth, survival, colour, food consumption and activity were examined. Lobsters grown under the 6L:18D and 24L:0D photoperiods had significantly lower (P < 0.05) final mean weight and specific growth rate than any other treatments. Photoperiod had no effect on survival or colour of lobsters. Food consumption differed significantly during the first week of the trial; after 5 weeks, food consumption was similar in all treatments. Major peaks in activity occurred during dark periods for lobsters exposed to photoperiods that had a light:dark regime. Activity of lobsters exposed to continuous light or dark regimes remained constant and at low levels during the 24‐h period. Food consumption or activity does not appear to determine the rate of growth of lobsters in the different photoregimes. One over‐riding outcome of this and other studies on photoperiod is that the growth and survival response of juvenile J. edwardsii was not significantly better than those of the standard 12L:12D cycle.  相似文献