Studies on the Nutrition of Spotted Sand Bass Paralabrax maculatofasciatus: Effect of the Dietary Protein Level on Growth and Protein Utilization in Juveniles Fed Semipurified Diets     

Benjamín H.  Anguas-Vélez Roberto  Civera-Cerecedo Marco  Cadena-Roa Jean  Guillaume Sergio F.  Martínez-Díaz 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2000,31(4):580-591

Two feeding trials were conducted to determine the digestibility of a casein-based semi-purified diet and the effects of different protein levels on growth and protein use of spotted sand bass Paralabrax maculatofasciatus juveniles. For trial I, a semipurified diet with vitamin-free casein as the sole source of protein was fed three times a day to apparent satiation, for a period of 20 d. Feces were collected by siphoning each tank. The digestibility of the experimental diet was high: 97% for protein, 89% for lipids, and 84% for gross energy, whereas that of organic matter was 78%. For trial II, seven diets were formulated using vitamin-free casein at graded levels (25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, and 55% protein). Triplicate tanks for each dietary treatment were stocked with fish and fed by hand three times a day to apparent satiation for 6 wk. Perfomance of fish fed the different diets was evaluated for survival, percent weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, and protein efficiency ratio. Survival was 100% for all treatments. Growth of spotted sand bass juveniles increased as the dietary protein increased, but no evidence of reaching a plateau was found. The daily feed intake values showed an inverse relation to the protein content of the diets. The feed conversion ratio did not differ among diets containing 40% protein or greater. The results indicate that spotted sand bass juveniles with 2.5-g mean weight need at least 55% dietary protein for best growth when casein is the sole protein source. However, in terms of feed conversion ratio, the requirement apparently could be lower.  相似文献   

The effect of steroidal dominance on cAMP, cGMP, progesterone and 17 beta-estradiol levels in the fluid of the largest follicle     

L Lazár  J Elecko  I Maracek 《Veterinární medicína》1990,35(11):641-646

Concentrations and mutual correlations of the cyclic adenosin monophosphate (cAMP), quanosin monophosphate (cGMP), progesterone (P4) and 17-beta-estradiol (E2) were studied in the fluid of the largest follicles in cows, in dependence on the steroid dominance: estrogen-dominant (ED), progesterone-dominant (PD) follicles. Mean cAMP and cGMP concentrations in the follicular fluid in the estrogen-dominant follicles were significantly higher than in the progesterone-dominant follicles; in both cases at P less than 0.01. Significant positive correlation between cAMP and cGMP at P less than 0.001 was stated in the evaluation of the correlations. The cAMP and cGMP concentrations were in significantly negative correlations with the P4 concentration at P less than 0.05, or P less than 0.01 and in significantly positive correlations with the E2, at P less than 0.05. The stated correlations suggest a close mutual relation between cyclic nucleotid and E2, or P4 when the follicles' quality changes.  相似文献   

An outbreak of vampire bat-transmitted rabies in cattle in northeastern Mexico.          下载免费PDF全文

J Martínez-Burnes  A Lpez  J Medellín  D Haines  E Loza    M Martínez 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1997,38(3):175-177

An outbreak of bovine rabies occurred on a ranch when cattle were bitten by vampire bats. Microscopic lesions showed a nonsuppurative encephalitis with intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated viral antigen in the brain, and monoclonal antibodies identified a serotype 1 (vampire strain) of the rabies virus.  相似文献   

Changes in amino acid levels in bacteria adhering to rumen epithelium in sheep after oral administration of very low doses of mercury     

J Legáth  P Kacmár  J Tomás 《Veterinární medicína》1990,35(11):657-665

The effect of low concentrations of mercury taken in the diet (4 mg per a head and day) on the amino acid composition in the proteins of rumen bacteria adhering to the dorsal and ventral parts of the rumen was studied in six sheep. Though the mercury did not influence the amino acid concentration in hydrolyzates of epimural bacteria, low-mercury doses caused significant changes of some amino acids, as compared with the control group of animals. The levels of alanine, histidine, threonine, serine and glycine were significantly decreased and at the same time the levels of proline, valine, isoleucine, tyrosine, lysine and phenylalanine were significantly increased. It was stated in our experiment that the levels of histidine, alanine and threonine in hydrolyzates of epimural bacteria of the rumen were significantly decreased both in the sheep given the balanced feed ration with additions of mercury and nitrogen (according to the standard) and in the sheep given a low-nitrogen diet. Similarly, the levels of proline, tyrosine and phenylalanine in the hydrolizates of epimural bacteria in rumen were significantly increased both with the low-nitrogen diet and in the normal -nitrogen diet with mercury supplement. The results suggest that unexplained disorders frequently occurring in the microbial synthesis in the rumen might be caused by long-continued administration of feed contaminated with extremely low concentrations of heavy metals. The problem deserves detailed investigation in future studies, oriented to explaining the biosynthesis disorders in rumen, reducing the production ability of ruminants.  相似文献   

The effect of age, weight and the breed of heifer on the concentration of thyroxine during insemination     

E Bekeová  I Maracek  J Hajurka  L Lázár  M Krajnicáková 《Veterinární medicína》1985,30(1):1-9

We determined the thyroxine (T4) concentration in 63 heifers on 0th (day of insemination), 6th and 21st day after first and in repeat-breeder cows after second and third insemination in relation with the breed, age and weight of animals. The examination was carried out with a feed ration balanced according to the Czechoslovak State Standard CSN 46 7070, with all-the-year-round housing, with keeping the uniform time of insemination (8.00--9.00 a. m.) as well as the time of blood sampling (10.00--12.00 a. m.). The animals were inseminated from August to November. The average T4 concentrations, with a successful insemination, fluctuated on 0th day after first, second and third insemination at levels of 56.15 +/- 13.6; 84.6 +/- 10.66 and 89.75 +/- 13.62 nmol X l-1 of serum. As the results show, the lowest T4 concentrations (P less than 0.001; P less than 0.001) on 0th day were recorded in animals becoming pregnant in first insemination. The comparison with non-pregnant animals did not show any statistically significant difference in T4 concentrations. On 0th day of the second insemination, the T4 concentrations in pregnant animals were higher (P less than 0.01) as compared with non-pregnant. On 6th and 21st day after successful first insemination the T4 content increased significantly (P less than 0.001). After second and third successful insemination we recorded in T4 concentrations a moderate decrease on 6th day (P less than 0.01 for third insemination), with insignificant increase on 21st day.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

Impregno-architectonic study of the medial part of the hypothalamus in sheep     

V Rajtová 《Veterinární medicína》1985,30(2):91-101

Impregno-architectonics of neurons in the nuclei of the medial part of hypothalamus was studied in two-month and adult female and male sheep using the methods after Ramón-Moliner and Golgi-Cox. Types of neurons in the hypothalamic nuclei are given, morphology of synaptic conjugations and orientation of nerve processes are described. Ventromedial nucleus has the most interesting structure as a part of the medial hypothalamus: it is ring-shaped in cross-section with paucicellular center, contains various types of neurons and all kinds of synapses which can occur in hypothalamus. Only small numbers of neurons in the pars caudalis of tuberomammillary nucleus, similarly like in nucl. supraopticus and nucl. paraventricularis, are impregnated so that they can be supposed to belong to true neurosecretory nuclei.  相似文献   

Dystrophic muscular fibers in the muscles of certain breeds of birds     

V Uhrín 《Veterinární medicína》1985,30(3):179-192

The occurrence of pathologically changed muscular fibers in some wild species of birds and in economically important domesticated species of birds is described. The hydrops of muscular fibers, necrosis and atrophy with connective tissue infiltration in muscular bundles were detected in breast and thigh muscles in wild birds, e. g. in raven, pigeon and pheasant. The same pathological processes were also found in domesticated species, e. g. in guinea fowl, less often in geese and duck. Their incidence in turkeys and laying types of fowl was more frequent, they were observed most often in muscles of broiler hens. Fission of muscular fibers, very thin, but also hypertrophic fibers and resorption of necrotic fibers were detected in hens besides the above changes. The described histological picture is confronted with the picture of hereditary myodystrophy in chickens.  相似文献   

Bacteriological and mycological study of feed     

M Pózvári 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》1985,92(6):207-212

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Laboratory diagnosis of acute toxoplasmosis by immunosorbent agglutination assay (IgM ISA)     

A Valkoun  M Stefánik 《Folia parasitologica》1990,37(3):201-205

A group of 401 patients suspected for toxoplasmosis was examined by the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT). All patients positive in IFAT (176) were examined by the immunosorbent agglutination assay (IgM ISA). In the IgM ISA 154 of them were negative, 10 temporarily and 12 high-positive. Some of high-positive patients were examined repeatedly; decrease of high levels of specific IgM antibodies occurred 2-9 months after the first examination. For the IgM ISA antigen prepared from peritoneal exudate of experimentally infected mice was used. The antigen was stable at 4 degrees C or in liquid nitrogen at least 1 year. The IgM ISA combined with IFAT and IgM IFAT was proved satisfactory for the diagnosis of acquired acute toxoplasmosis and can be recommended for laboratories with lower capacity.  相似文献   

Sleep and activity of piglets weaned into cages.     

V Kotrbácek 《Acta veterinaria Hungarica》1991,39(3-4):115-120

The duration and type of sleep and activity were monitored in a group of 9 Duroc piglets weaned at 7 weeks of age and placed into a cage of 1.2 x 1.2 m. Average air temperature in the cage ranged between 20 and 23 degrees C and relative humidity was around 70%. The piglets were fed and watered ad libitum. The measurements were performed one week after the pigs had been transferred to the cages, in the period between 8 a.m. and 1 p.m. Approximately half of the 5-hour period of observation was occupied by sleep. There were, however, marked individual differences (ranges: 66 and 24%). Non-REM sleep occupied 79% while REM sleep 21% of the whole sleep time. REM episodes lasted, on the average, 3.8 + 0.58 min. The other half of the period studied was occupied by wakefulness which was devoted to movement, lying and, also, massaging and sucking each other. In some animals this activity was high and was the cause of unrest in the whole group. Differences in respiratory rate between non-REM and REM sleep recorded in heavier animals were the result of their heat load.  相似文献