Characterisation of bound residues of [3H]triforine in barley grain grown in the field     

Jean Rouchaud  Chantal Moons  Joseph A. Meyer 《Pest management science》1979,10(6):509-518

Barley was grown in an experimental field and at growth stage J (during the stem extension stage when the second node of the stem was formed and the next-to-last leaf was just visible), the aerial part of the plants was sprayed with an aqueous emulsion of a mixture of triforine and [³H]triforine (uniformly labelled in the piperazine ring) at the normal rate of 250 g triforine ha^?1. The barley was harvested when ripe, and the grain was analysed separately. Extraction of the grain with methanol left methanol-insoluble solids containing an amount of radioactivity (the bound residue) which represented 75% of the total radioactivity incorporated into the grain. Methanol acidified with hydrochloric acid extracted a further 7% of the triforine-derived bound residues in the form of radioactive iminodiacetic acid (1.1%), glycine (3.3 %), serine (0.9%), ethanolamine (0.2%) and unidentified compounds (1.5 %); in the grain, these compounds or their precursors had thus been complexed to grain constituents. Aqueous 0.03M sodium hydroxide extracted a further 27% of the total tritium which had been incorporated by means of α chemical bonds into the protein fraction; acid hydrolysis of the proteins yielded radioactive glycine (9.2%), serine (3.9%) and unidentified compounds (13.9%) which could have been a mixture of a large number of other amino-acids. The plant solids (which contained 41% of the total tritium) left after the alkaline aqueous extractions, were processed and separated into tritiated cellulose (4%) and starch (37%) fractions. The starch was hydrolysed and the resulting glucose was converted into the osazone (34%). After being recrystallised several times, the osazone contained a constant specific radioactivity, indicating that [³H]glucose was present. This glucose may be considered as having a carbon skeleton mainly originating biochemically from some metabolites of [³H]triforine; this tritiated glucose may also be considered as indirect evidence of the biochemical oxidation, by transamination, of the metabolites of [³H]triforine; in barley grain, the tritiated glucose (or at least a part of it) was anabolised into proteins. No piperazine was observed in the bound residues in the grain.  相似文献   

Serological response of cattle to simultaneous vaccinations against foot-and-mouth disease and haemorrhagic septicaemia     

P G Joseph  R S Hedger 《The Veterinary record》1984,114(20):494-496

In Malaysia, where vaccination campaigns against foot-and-mouth disease and haemorrhagic septicaemia are routinely carried out, it was desirable to determine whether it was safe and efficacious to administer both vaccines simultaneously. A trial group of 104 cattle was divided into three groups; group 1 animals received both vaccines simultaneously, group 2 animals received only foot-and-mouth disease vaccine and group 3 animals received only haemorrhagic septicaemia vaccine. The serological response to vaccinations was monitored at 0, 21 and 35 days by the virus neutralisation test for foot-and-mouth disease and the mouse-protection and indirect haemagglutination tests for haemorrhagic septicaemia. The simultaneous administration of the two inactivated vaccines produced no adverse effects and the serological response did not differ from the response to either vaccine given separately, thus indicating that cattle may be safely and effectively vaccinated simultaneously in this way.  相似文献   

Organophosphorus and carbamate detection system     

Joseph H. A. Ruzicka 《Pest management science》1973,4(3):417-423

Recent progress on the separation and identification of organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides is reviewed. Emphasis has been placed on t.l.c. and g.l.c. methods. Newer techniques, including high pressure liquid chromatography and the use of microwave-excited plasmas as detectors for gas chromatography, are discussed.  相似文献   

Inhibition of chicken leukocyte migration in vitro: A direct agarose plate assay     

Teresa Gilliland  Phillip H Klesius  Joseph Giambrone   《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1982,5(4):457-468

Leukocyte migration inhibition (LMI) is a widely used in vitro correlate of delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) in mammals. This report describes the development of a direct agarose LMI assay for studying DTH in avian species. Optimum demonstration of LMI was found with leukocytes isolated on a Ficoll-diatrizoate gradient solution. The agarose culture plates were maintained at pH 7.2–7.4 in a water-vapor saturated, 39°C incubator with 2% CO₂ tension.

Antigen specific LMI was demonstrated in chickens with DTH to purified protein derivative of Mycobacterium (PPD) and ferritin. A good comparison between LMI and DTH, as measured by the delayed wattle reaction (DWR), was demonstrated. The effect of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on LMI was examined and LPS in microgram quantities was found to inhibit in vitro migration of chicken leukocytes. Contamination of antigen preparations with LPS is a probable explanation for occasional nonspecific inhibition of leukocyte migration since endotoxin is an almost ubiquitous contaminant of antigen preparations.  相似文献   

Idiopathic localized eosinophilic synovitis in a cat     

Silverstein DC  Almy FS  Zinkl JG  Christopher MM 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2000,29(3):90-92

Abstract: A 4-year-old male castrated Seal Point Himalayan cat was presented for evaluation of right thoracic limb lameness of 6 weeks duration. Synovial fluid analysis of the swollen right carpal joint revealed a mixed cell synovitis, with a total nucleated cell count of 13,200/μL and 34% eosinophils. A diagnosis of idiopathic localized eosinophilic arthritis was made. Additional clinical and diagnostic findings included mild lym-phadenopathy with lymphoid hyperplasia and an antinuclear antibody titer of 1:320. Lack of multisystem involvement made systemic lupus erythematosis unlikely. Immunosuppressive therapy with oral prednisone alleviated the lameness. Eosinophilic synovitis has not previously been reported in cats. An immune-mediated mechanism was likely in this case; however, the exact etiology remains unknown.  相似文献   

Autologous blood collection and transfusion in cats undergoing partial craniectomy     

Fusco JV  Hohenhaus AE  Aiken SW  Joseph RJ  Berg JM 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2000,216(10):1584-1588

OBJECTIVE: To describe the procedure for autologous blood donation and associated complications in cats undergoing partial craniectomy for mass removal. DESIGN: Prospective case series. ANIMALS: 15 cats with intracranial mass confirmed by computed tomographic scan, no evidence of renal failure, and PCV > or = 22%. PROCEDURE: One unit (60 ml) of blood was collected and stored 7 to 17 days before surgery and transfused during the perioperative period if needed. The PCV was measured before donation, before surgery, during surgery, and after surgery to assess effect of donation on PCV before surgery and effect of transfusion on PCV after surgery. Cats were evaluated for donation complications, iatrogenic anemia, and adverse reactions associated with administration of autologous blood. RESULTS: Complications associated with phlebotomy were not detected. Fifteen cats underwent partial craniectomy 7 to 17 days after blood donation; all had histologic confirmation of meningioma by examination of tissue obtained at surgery. Eleven cats received autologous blood transfusions. None of the cats received allogeneic blood transfusions. Transfusion reactions were not observed. Subclinical iatrogenic anemia was detected in 3 cats. Two cats were considered to have received excessive transfusion, and 3 cats received inadequate transfusion. All cats undergoing partial craniectomy were discharged from the hospital and were alive > 6 months after surgery. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Autologous blood donation before surgery was considered safe for cats undergoing partial craniectomy for resection of meningioma. The only complication observed was iatrogenic anemia. The procedure contributed to blood conservation in our hospital.  相似文献   

Prevalence and risk factors of Avian Influenza Viruses among household ducks in Chattogram,Bangladesh     

Rahman  Md. Ashiqur  Belgrad  Joseph P.  Sayeed  Md. Abu  Abdullah  Md. Sadeque  Barua  Shanta  Chisty  Nurun Nahar  Mohsin  Md. Abu Shoieb  Foysal  Mohammad  Hossain  Mohammad Enayet  Islam  Ariful  Akwar  Holy  Hoque  Md Ahasanul 《Veterinary research communications》2022,46(2):471-480

Veterinary Research Communications - Avian influenza viruses (AIV) increase commercial and backyard poultry mortality and morbidity, reduces egg production, and elevates public health risk....  相似文献   

Shrinkage of cane (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Arundo donax</Emphasis>) I. Irregular shrinkage of green cane due to the collapse of parenchyma cells     

Eiichi?ObatayaEmail author  Joseph?Gril  Bernard?Thibaut 《Journal of Wood Science》2004,50(4):295-300

Shrinkage of green cane (Arundo donax L.) was measured during air-drying at room temperature. The cane began to shrink at 150% moisture content due to a remarkable collapse of parenchyma cells. The collapse recovered after boiling in water, but more serious collapse (recollapse) was induced by the following drying. On the other hand, the collapse recovered almost completely after steaming with saturated water vapor at 92°–96°C without recollapse. By comparing the thickness of cane specimens before and after steaming, the degree of cell collapse remaining in dry cane was evaluated. When the green cane was frozen prior to drying, the degree of collapse was reduced whereas the drying rate remained unchanged. The effect of prefreezing was interpreted as the generation of air bubbles in the cell lumen which hinder the effective loading of liquid tension on the cell wall. Even when the cane was carefully dried using a conventional method used by reed manufacturers, the degree of collapse was very large and it increased with elevating internode position.  相似文献   

Selection of efficient VA mycorrhizal fungi for Casuarina equisetifolia—second screening     

M. Vasanthakrishna  Joseph D. Bagyaraj  Jones P. Nirmalnath 《New Forests》1995,9(2):157-162

An investigation was carried out to screen and select efficient vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi for inoculating the forest tree species, Casuarina equisetifolia. The seedlings were inoculated with 10 different VAM fungi, obtained from various sources. Inoculated seedlings generally had greater plant height, stem girth, biomass and P content than uninoculated plants. They also had more mycorrhizal root colonization and spore numbers in root zone soil. C. equisetifolia seedlings responded best (in biomass) to inoculation with Glomus mosseae (Nicolson and Gerdemann) Gerdemann and Trappe, closely followed by Acaulospora laevis Gerdemann and Trappe and G. fasciculatum (Thaxter Sensu Gerdemann) Gerdemann and Trappe; all the three being statistically on par with each other.  相似文献   

Ailanthus triphysa at different density and fertiliser levels in Kerala, India: tree growth, light transmittance and understorey ginger yield     

B. Mohan Kumar  Joseph Thomas  Richard F. Fisher 《Agroforestry Systems》2001,50(2):133-144

Ailanthus triphysa (Family – Simaroubaceae) growth is known to vary in response to different stocking and fertiliser levels. Understorey productivity related to these differences remain elusive, yet are important for optimising the combined production of tree and crop components. A split plot experiment to evaluate the effect of different stocking levels and fertiliser regimes on ailanthus growth, stand leaf area index (LAI) and understorey PAR (photosynthetically active radiation) transmittance was started at Vellanikkara, India in June 1991. Main plot treatments included four densities (3,333, 2,500, 1,660 and 1,111 trees ha⁻¹), replicated thrice. Four fertiliser levels (0:0:0, 50:25:25, 100:50:50 and 150:75:75 kg N:P₂O₅:K₂O ha⁻¹) formed the sub plot treatments. Ginger (Zingiber officinale) was planted as an understorey crop in May 1994 with contiguous treeless control plots. Soil nutrient availability before and after ginger was assessed. Higher densities stimulated ailanthus growth modestly, while fertiliser response of tree and ginger was inconsistent. PAR transmittance below the canopy was related to tree density, LAI and time of measurement. Midday PAR flux having low standard deviations is ideal for evaluating canopy effects on understorey light availability. Ginger in the interspaces exhibited better growth compared to sole crop. Highest rhizome yield was observed in the 2,500 trees ha⁻¹ stocking level, which is optimum for below five year-old ailanthus stands on good sites. It represents 52% mean daily PAR flux or 73% midday PAR flux. Ailanthus+ginger combinations improved the site nutrient capital when ginger was adequately fertilised, despite treeless controls having relatively higher initial soil nutrient availability. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献