Supplementing transglucosidase with a high-fiber diet for prevention of postprandial hyperglycemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic dogs     

Toshinori Sako  Akihiro Mori  Peter Lee  Hiroshi Goto  Hiroko Fukuta  Hitomi Oda  Kaori Saeki  Yohei Miki  Yuki Makino  Katsumi Ishioka  Hisashi Mizutani  Yuzo Kojima  Satoshi Koikeda  Toshiro Arai 《Veterinary research communications》2010,34(2):161-172

Indigestible oligosaccharides have been shown to normalize blood glucose and insulin concentration thereby promoting good health and preventing diseases, such as diabetes. Transglucosidase (TG, α-glucosidase, enzyme code (EC) 3.2.1.20) is an enzyme capable of converting starch to oligosaccharides, such as iso-malto-oligosaccharides from maltose, via the action of amylase. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether oral administration of TG with maltose or dextrin is capable of reducing post-prandial serum glucose concentration in experimentally streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic dogs fed on a high-fiber diet. Five healthy and five STZ-induced diabetic dogs were employed in this study. TG supplementation with dextrin or maltose had no detrimental effect in healthy dogs. In fact, TG and dextrin exhibited a flatlined serum glucose pattern, while reducing mean post-prandial serum insulin and glucose concentration as compared to control diet alone. When TG supplementation was tested in STZ-induced diabetic dogs under the context of a high fiber diet, a 13.8% and 23.9% reduction in mean glucose concentration for TG with maltose and dextrin, respectively was observed. Moreover, TG with dextrin resulted in a 13% lower mean post-prandial glucose concentration than TG with maltose, suggesting that dextrin may be a more efficient substrate than maltose when used at the same concentration (1 g/kg). Our results indicate that TG supplementation with diet can lead to lower postprandial glucose levels versus diet alone. However, the efficacy of TG supplementation may depend on the type of diet it is supplemented with. As such, TG administration may be useful for preventing the progression of diabetes mellitus and in its management in dogs.  相似文献   

Narrowed temperature adaptability in non-natal osmotic environments of two euryhaline wanderers,dace and black porgy: implications for seasonal habitat changes     

Masahiro Nakamura  Reiji Masuda  Katsumi Tsukamoto  Tsuguo Otake 《Fisheries Science》2016,82(2):261-268

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Effect of water current on the body size and occurrence of deformities in reared Japanese eel leptocephali and glass eels     

Mari Kuroki  Akihiro Okamura  Aya Takeuchi  Katsumi Tsukamoto 《Fisheries Science》2016,82(6):941-951

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Growth and survival of eel leptocephali (Anguilla japonica) in low-salinity water     

Akihiro Okamura  Yoshiaki Yamada  Naomi Mikawa  Noriyuki Horie  Tomoko Utoh  Toyoji Kaneko  Satoru Tanaka  Katsumi Tsukamoto   《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2009,296(3-4):367-372

We investigated the effects of low-salinity water on the growth, survival, and activity of artificially reared Japanese eel larvae (Anguilla japonica), proceeding from the assumption that such water quality saves energy due to lower cost for osmoregulation. We reared 5-day-old larvae in 0%, 10%, 30%, 50%, 70%, and 100% seawater (SW) with or without diet for 13 days. All larvae reared in 0% and 10% SW died within 6 days, while larvae in 70% and 100% SW survived until 9 days. Larvae in 30% and 50% SW further survived until 13 days without diet. Significant growth in body depth was observed in 30% and 50% SW after 7 days rearing with diet (0.65 ± 0.02 and 0.62 ± 0.02 mm, respectively) as compared with the initial size (0.49 ± 0.03 mm), while no significant growth was observed under the other salinity conditions examined. Larvae swam actively in the light (about 2000 lx) in 50%, 70%, and 100% SW, while they were apparently inactive in 0%, 10%, and 30% SW. The long-term rearing trial showed a 2.2-fold higher 2-month cumulative survival rate in 50% SW (18.2%) than in 100% SW (8.2%). The body depth of larvae in 50% SW (1.58 ± 0.47 mm) was also significantly larger than in 100% SW (1.32 ± 0.35 mm). These findings indicate that the intermediate salinity can result in better growth and survival performance in Japanese eel larvae.  相似文献   

Discovery of mature freshwater eels in the open ocean   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Seinen Chow  Hiroaki Kurogi  Noritaka Mochioka  Shunji Kaji  Makoto Okazaki  Katsumi Tsukamoto 《Fisheries Science》2009,75(1):257-259

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Effect of temperature decrease on oocyte development,sex steroids,and gonadotropin β-subunit mRNA expression levels in female Japanese eel <Emphasis Type="Italic">Anguilla japonica</Emphasis>     

Ryusuke Sudo  Ryota Tosaka  Shigeho Ijiri  Shinji Adachi  Hiroaki Suetake  Yuzuru Suzuki  Noriyuki Horie  Satoru Tanaka  Jun Aoyama  Katsumi Tsukamoto 《Fisheries Science》2011,77(4):575-582

To improve understanding of the mechanism of early ovarian development in eels, the effects of water temperature decrease on oocyte development, plasma levels of sex steroids [estradiol 17β (E2), testosterone (T), 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT)], and gonadotropin β-subunit [follicle-stimulating hormone (FSHβ), luteinizing hormone (LHβ)] messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels were investigated. A total of 27 female Japanese eels Anguilla japonica were divided into initial, control, and test (water temperature decrease) groups. Starting on 22 September 2009, eels in the test group were reared in a tank with gradual temperature decrease from 25°C to 15°C over 39 days, while the control group was maintained at 25°C. The test group accumulated more oil droplets in their oocytes than did the other groups. Levels of sex steroids, especially 11-KT, were higher in the test group. In contrast, FSHβ and LHβ mRNA expression levels were lower in the test group. These results suggest that water temperature decrease only induced an early stage of ovarian development that was partly affected by an 11-KT increase. For further maturation, other environmental factors related to induction of gonadotropin increase appear to be needed.  相似文献   

Molecular approach to species identification of eggs with respect to determination of the spawning site of the Japanese eel Anguilla japonica     

Jun Aoyama  Satoshi Ishikawa  Tsuguo Otake  Noritaka Mochioka  Yuzuru Suzuki  Shun Watanabe  Akira Shinoda  Jun Inoue  Peter M Lokman  Tadashi Inagaki  Machiko Oya  Hiroshi Hasumoto  Kaoru Kubokawa  Tae Won Lee  Hans Fricke  Katsumi Tsukamoto 《Fisheries Science》2001,67(4):761-763

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Effects of light conditions on prodigiosin stability in the biocontrol bacterium Serratia marcescens strain B2     

Nobutaka Someya  Masami Nakajima  Hiroshi Hamamoto  Isamu Yamaguchi  Katsumi Akutsu 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2004,70(6):367-370

Serratia marcescens strain B2 is a potential biocontrol agent that produces the antibiotic pigment prodigiosin. When this strain was incubated under white or blue light conditions (<100µmol m^–2s^–1), prodigiosin concentration in bacterial cells decreased, but growth did not. However, red and far-red light had no effect on prodigiosin concentration in bacterial cells. Purified prodigiosin was degraded under white or blue light conditions but was not degraded under red and far-red light. Because white and blue light appeared to affect the stability of prodigiosin itself, light conditions may affect the suppressive effects of the biocontrol agent S. marcescens strain B2.  相似文献   

Distribution of estrogen receptor alpha in the dominant follicles and corpus luteum at the three stages of estrous cycle in Japanese black cows     

Amrozi  Kamimura S  Ando T  Hamana K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(10):1183-1188

Distribution of estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) in the dominant follicle (DF) and corpus luteum (CL) at the three stages of estrous cycle in Japanese Black cows was evaluated by means of immunohistochemistry. Ovarian dynamics were observed twice daily using ultrasonography until the ovariectomy performed on Day 7 (First group, n=3), Day 10 (Second group, n=3) and Day 18 (Third group, n=3) (Day 0=estrus). Expression of ERalpha represented by immunohistological staining intensity in cells was determined using a light microscope equipped with a digital camera. A tendency toward higher expression were observed in theca interna (TI) of DF when compared with those in mural granulosa cells (mGC), antral granulosa cells (aGC) and theca externa (TE). ERalpha expression in the Third group was lower than that in the First Group in mGC, and it was also lower than that in the second group in TE (P<0.05). ERalpha expression in luteal cells was higher than those in the stromal cells in CL. No significant difference of ERalpha expression was observed within luteal or stromal cells, except in the Second group in the luteal cells, in which significantly higher expressions than that in the Third group (P<0.05) were observed. The results showed that, 1) ERalpha was present in developing DF on Day 7, early regressing DF on Day 10 and preovulatory DF on Day 18, especially in the TI, and a few were localized in the mGC, and 2) ERalpha was highly expressed in the luteal cells and the expression decreased in combination with regression of CL.  相似文献   

Synthesis and structure-activity study of fungicidal anilinopyrimidines leading to mepanipyrim (KIF-3535) as an anti-Botrytis agent     

Nagata T  Masuda K  Maeno S  Miura I 《Pest management science》2004,60(4):399-407

A series of 2-anilinopyrimidines was prepared and their fungicidal activities against Botrytis cinerea Pers were examined. The activity fell sharply with any substitution on the anilinobenzene ring. Substituents at the 5-position of the pyrimidine ring greatly reduced the activity. Substituents such as chloro, methoxy, methylamino, methyl or 1-propynyl were well tolerated at the 4- and 6-positions of the pyrimidine ring. Among these substituents, the combination of methyl and 1-propynyl groups was the most favourable. 2-Anilino-4-methyl-6-(1-propynyl)pyrimidine (KIF-3535), which showed excellent activity and no significant phytotoxicity, was finally selected for development and has been given the common name mepanipyrim.  相似文献